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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2011 | Vol. 34 No.1

Paper ID:	14190 -JATIT
Title:	MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION FEATURES OF COLOR HISTOGRAMUSING LAPLACIAN FILTER FOR CONTENT-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL
Author:	FAZAL-E-MALIK
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 001 - 007 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	Due to the development and improvement in internet with high speed for the last few years andthe availability of a large digital image collection, efficient image retrieval systems are required. Retrievalcan be text-based and content-based. In content-based, which is also called Content-Based Image retrieval(CBIR), low level features of images are extracted such as color, texture and shape. These features areused in similarity measurement to retrieve relevant images from an image database. A CBIR algorithm isproposed which is based on the color histogram using Laplacian filter to reduce the noise and provides anenhanced image with more detail informations. Color histogram of the filtered image is divided into bins.Mean and standard deviation are calculated for pixels in each bin to get feature vector which is used forimage retrieval. After various experiments with user queries, results show the good retrieval of images byalgorithm.
Keywords	Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR), Feature Vector, LaplacianFilter, Histogram
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Paper ID:	14803 -JATIT
Title:	WEB VIRTUAL BALL GAME “POK-TA-POK”
Author:	M. C. MARCO ANTONIO, GONZÁLEZ, M. C. MARTHA ROSA CORDERO, JORGE BENJAMÍN SILVA GONZÁLEZ
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 008 - 013 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	The next pages describes the development of the web virtual ball game “Pok-Ta-Pok”, the followed methods and the achieved results on the developing of a system capable to recreate the ballgame matches for two players in a local web, making use of actual techniques in game development such as 3D modeling, texturing, skeletal animation, artificial intelligence algorithms, programming techniques on GPU to effect addition and videogame controls.
Keywords	Design Of Learning, Educational Systems, Video Game, Ball Game, Mayan Civilization, Culture, Learning System, Entertainment.
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Paper ID:	14237 -JATIT
Title:	DESIGN OF POWER TRANSFORMER FOR SINUSOIDAL AND NONSINUSOIDAL CURRENT CONDITIONS
Author:	MUHAMMAD MOKHZAINI, SYAFRUDIN MASRI, MOHAMAD KAMAROL
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 014 - 021 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	Harmonics in current has become an apparent and important consideration in designing a power transformer. This is due to the fact that the loads now have become nonlinear in character. These new generations of loads are invented to assist various functions in homes, factories, offices, and factories. However they created distortions at the current shape thus causing terrible consequences toward power transformers. Most of transformers are designed, manufactured, and calibrated using only sinusoidal shape current. Thus the existence of harmonics clearly upset the operation parameters such as the increased losses the transformer experienced. This paper tends to look into designing a power transformer that considers harmonics in current. Steps in designing a particular transformer are shown to emphasis the areas needed to be change whenever the current consist harmonics. An initial design is made with only sinusoidal current while the second design would consider harmonic components in current, up until the 11th order. Some recommendations on enlarging size of the core dimension is made at the end of the paper.
Keywords	Core Dimensions, Current Harmonics, Nonlinear Load, Total Harmonic Distortion, Power Transformer Loss
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Paper ID:	14364 -JATIT
Title:	FUZZY ARTMAPNEURAL NETWORK ACHITECTURE FOR WEATHER FORECASTING
Author:	A.C. SUBHAJINI, T. SANTHANAM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 022 - 028 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	Accurate weather forecasting plays a vital role for planning day to day activities. Neural network has been use in numerous meteorological applications including weather forecasting. A neural network model has been developed for weather forecasting, based on various factors obtained from meteorological experts. The back propagation neural network, radial basis function neural network, Generalized Regression Neural Networks and Fuzzy ARTMAP architectureare used in this study to test the performance in order to investigate which technique for weather forecasting most effective. The results indicate that proposed Fuzzy ARTMAP Neural Networks is better than back propagation neural network, Radial Basis Function and Regression neural network. The prediction accuracy of Fuzzy ARTMAP is 97.95%.
Keywords	Weather forecasting, Radial Basis Function, Back Propagation Neural, Network,Regression Neural Networks ,Fuzzy ARTMAP
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Paper ID:	14446 -JATIT
Title:	AN EVALUATION OF K-MEANS BASED ANN USING FOREST FIRE DATA IN SPATIAL DATA MINING
Author:	N.NAGA SARANYA, G.PADMAPRIYA, S.HEMALATHA, M.HEMALATHA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 029 - 033 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	The explosive growth of spatial data and extensive utilization of spatial databases [1] emphasize the necessity for the automated discovery of spatial knowledge. In modern times, spatial data mining has emerged as an area of huge research. Forest fires are a chief green concern, causing inexpensive and environmental damage while endangering human lives across the world. The fast or early detection of forest fires [2] is a essential element for controlling such phenomenon. The application of remote sensing is at present a significant method for forest fires monitoring [3], particularly in vast and remote areas. This paper presents an intelligent system to detect the presence of forest fires in the forest spatial data using SMO and Artificial Neural Networks. Extensive experimental assessments on publicly available spatial data illustrated the efficiency of the proposed system in effectively detecting forest fires. Finally, since large fires are rare dealings, outlier detection techniques will also be addressed.
Keywords	Spatial Data Mining, Forest Fire Data, SMO, ANN
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Paper ID:	14493 -JATIT
Title:	IMPLICATION OF IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHM IN REMOTE SENSING AND GIS APPLICATIONS
Author:	MUBEENA PATHAN, K.JUSOFF, M. S. ALIAS, Y. RAZALI, Q. BARKATULLAH
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 034 - 041 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	An algorithm solves the complex problems more efficiently and consistently. The traditional ways of solving the problems, have been replaced, by several new algorithms. The selection of an appropriate algorithm for any given chore is an imperative issue because different algorithms are based on the different concepts. One problem can be solved in more than one way; in this regards many alternative algorithms are developed with computational proficiency. This review presents evaluation and utilization of different algorithms such as Simple Recursive Algorithm, Backtracking Algorithm, Divide and Conquer Algorithm, Dynamic Algorithm, Branch and Bound Algorithm, Brute Force Algorithm and Randomized Algorithm. This paper generally analyzed and branch out algorithms to perceive their limitations and delimitation. This review emphasizes the effects and consumption of different algorithms in different image processing applications. Minimum Spanning Tree (MST), the most functional algorithm, described exclusively by the undirected graph in which all nodes are connected. Greedy algorithms expresses as a simple solution algorithm that choose a local optimum solution at each step to achieve a global optimum. We considered the drawbacks and advantage various algorithms and concluded that Greedy algorithm is comparatively better than other algorithms regarding the optimal solution.
Keywords	Minimum Spanning Tree, Prim’s Algorithm, Kruskal Algorithm, Greedy Algorithm.
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Paper ID:	14317 -JATIT
Title:	BIONOMIC ALGORITHM FOR SHORTEST PATH FIRST
Author:	AZAM KHAN, SAIRA BEG, FARAZ AHSAN, SAJJAD MOHSIN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 042 - 049 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	In this paper we propose the idea of using Bionomic Algorithm (BA) for the shortest path finding problem. SPF is a very important issue associated with many other tasks like network routing and graph/map analysis etc. Different techniques have been used for solving the SPF problem, some of them being Dijkstra Algorithm, Floyd Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Tabu Search etc. The choice of algorithm for any specific problem depends upon the complex tradeoffs between complexity, performance etc. Our aim is to use type 3 heuristics algorithm for SPF. Simulations are carried out for BA algorithm and Dijkstra algorithm using MATLAB.
Keywords	Shortest Path Algorithm (SPF), Bionomic Algorithm (BA)
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Paper ID:	14534 -JATIT
Title:	AUTONOMIC SERVICE COMPOSITION THROUGH CONTEXT ORIENTATION APPROACH
Author:	JUNAID AHSENALI CHAUDHRY, SAQIB ALI, MD ASRI BINNGADI, ABDUL HANAN ABDULLAH
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 050 - 056 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	In this paper we present a novel service composition scheme for ubiquitous environments. As in a ubiquitous system there are many heterogeneous devices connected to each other in various topologies and one type of application that gives optimal performance on one node can perform differently from the other nodes. Our scheme addresses this issue through a dynamic service composition scheme that considers constrains on a local node and generates an application with near optimal performance with respect to its context. We simulate the scheme in our project environment consisting of hybrid mesh. The overall objective is to propose an efficient mechanism to meet the optimization demands at software level.
Keywords	Autonomic Computing, Service Composition, Component based development, Autonomic Control Systems, Ubiquitous Systems
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Paper ID:	14569 -JATIT
Title:	MULTICORE PARALLEL LOOSELY COUPLED FRAMEWORK FOR PROCESSING MOBILE OBJECTS
Author:	JAWDAT ALSHAER, IBRAHIM AL-OQILY, SULIEMAN BANI-AHMAD, ADNAN ALRABEE
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 057 - 064 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	Large numbers of mobile objects and continuous queries about them characterize mobile object applications. Efficient and parallel evaluation of queries about mobile objects that continuously move is important for achieving acceptable response times. In such applications, the traditional approaches suffer from the need for parallel updates processing and real time querying and visualization. This results in poor performance in such critical systems. The emerging multicore and manycore microprocessing technologies have the potential to offer scalable performance improvement. How to explore the multicore resources to speed up mobile objects applications is thus a natural question but also a huge challenge for Moving Objects Applications (MOA). In this paper, we propose and evaluate a methodology to explore parallelism via multi-threading, transactional loosely coupled methodology design, and to implement it on multicore processors for Moving Objects Applications. We apply the proposed methodology of the loosely coupled strategy, which has been identified as the key strategy in many design optimizations for different data dependency types, to time-constrained location applications. A parallel framework and its implementation on multicore processors for the proposed strategy have been developed based on multi-threaded concepts. Experiments of using loosely coupled multithreaded parallelization to produce mobile objects parallel query processing and visualization showed clear improvement in terms of speed and efficiency.
Keywords	Mobile Objects, Parallel Programming, Spatial Temporal, Loosely Coupled Parallel Processing, Multicore Applications
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Paper ID:	14652 -JATIT
Title:	IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTELLIGENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM FOR ELDERLY
Author:	S. KHAWANDI, B. DAYA, P. CHAUVET
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 065 - 070 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	One of three adults 65 or older falls every year. Injuries sustained among the elderly because of falls are a major problem worldwide. Demographic predictions of population aged 65 and over suggest the need for telemedicine applications in the eldercare domain. In this paper, we propose an intelligent surveillance system that monitors human activities with a particular interest of the problem of fall detection. To make the motion detection and object tracking fully automatic and robust under different illumination conditions, combination of best-fit approximated ellipse around the face and temporal changes of head position, would provide a useful cue for detection of different behaviors. The system identifies the face, collects data such as speed of movement, and triggers an alarm on the determination of fall event. Reliable recognition rate of experimental results underlines satisfactory performance of our system.
Keywords	Intelligent System, Elderly Surveillance, Fall Detection, Face Detection, Webcam
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Paper ID:	14656 -JATIT
Title:	ARCHITECTURE AND FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL OVER VARIOUS NETWORKS APPLICATIONS
Author:	GHASSAN A. ABED, MAHAMOD ISMAIL, KASMIRAN JUMARI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 071 - 079 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	The communication functions and applications divided into layers, and each device or terminal has a assigned ’stack’ in these layers, where that permit each layer to speak and address the corresponding stack in other layers. That is one of the benefits of layering: the ability to change a layer without requiring other layers to change as well, as long as the service and semantics provided by the layer remain intact. The fourth layer in layered model is transport layer where the protocols can provide a tight connection between any two hosts or more than two. Also it provides explicit of data transferring between end terminals or users, and that will help the upper layers from any involvement to provide reliable and cost-effective in transferring data in links, even it will control the reliability of a given links. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a basic communication language, and a connection oriented protocol tied with transport layer consists of collection of rules and procedures to control communication between links. TCP offers important features of flow control, reliability, congestion control, and connection management. This article provide full-overview to the network layering based on Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and explains the architecture and the functional structure of TCP over transport layer and analyzes the factors and parameters that effect on TCP behavior and performance.
Keywords	TCP, OSI model, Network Layers, RTT.
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Paper ID:	14567 -JATIT
Title:	USING MULTIBOOT TECHNIQUE TO CREATE A MULTIPLE EMBEDDED DESIGNED SYSTEMS
Author:	M. R. KHALIL , S. A. MOHAMMED
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 080 - 087 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	The research aims to save two configurations of two embedded designed systems in Intel Strata Flash Parallel NOR PROM available on Spartan-3E Starter kit in order to increase the capabilities of the XC3S500E FPGAs slice. Multiboot methodology is adopted to perform the goal of the work. Embedded development kit(EDK) prepared by Xilinx company is employed to develop two different embedded systems. Picoblaze microcontroller is used for the purpose of programming the Intel Strata Flash PROM. Integrated software environments, Xilinx ISE, is used to instantiate STARTUP_SPARTAN3E component for the verification of Multiboot techniques.
Keywords	Soft-Core Processor, Multiboot, Configuration, STARTUP_SPARTAN3E.
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Paper ID:	14760 -JATIT
Title:	AN OVERVIEW OF PREPROCESSING OF WEB LOG FILES FOR WEB USAGE MINING
Author:	C.P. SUMATHI, R. PADMAJA VALLI , T. SANTHANAM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 088 - 095 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	With the Internet usage gaining popularity and the steady growth of users, the World Wide Web has become a huge repository of data and serves as an important platform for the dissemination of information. The users’ accesses to Web sites are stored inWeb server logs.However, the data stored in the log files do not present an accurate picture of the users’ accesses to the Web site. Hence, preprocessing of the Web log data is an essential and pre-requisite phase before it can be used for knowledge-discovery or mining tasks. The preprocessed Web data can then be suitable for thediscovery and analysis of useful information referred to as Web mining. Web usage mining, a classification of Web mining, is the application of data mining techniques to discover usage patterns from clickstream and associated data stored in one or more Web servers.This paper presents an overview of the various steps involved in the preprocessing stage.
Keywords	Web Server, Data Cleaning, User Identification, Session Identification, Path Completion
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Paper ID:	14635 -JATIT
Title:	ENTROPY ANALYSIS FOR ACHIEVING HIGH COMPRESSION RATIO
Author:	S.SARAVANAN, R.VIJAY SAI, R.SILAMBAMUTHAN, E.DEEPA, G.ELAKKIYA, HAR NARAYAN UPADHYAY
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 096 - 099 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	Deciding test data volume is a major challenge in present System on Chip (SoC) design. Compaction of test data volume results in high compression ratio. Entropy analysis plays a vital role in such cases. Entropy is measurement of the amount of information contained in the data set. Entropy calculations tell the need of how much test data vector that can be compressed. This paper is based on finding entropy calculations to achieve maximum test data compression. Further, entropy study for unspecified bits (don’t care bits) and complement method are also explored which result in high compression ratio. Entropy analysis for different symbol length partitioning is done. For the fixed-length symbol, one fill and zero fill algorithm is applied for unspecified bits, reducing the entropy. The proposed method is successfully tested on ISCAS89 which achieves maximum compression ratio
Keywords	Entropy Analysis, Unspecified Bit, One And Zero Fill Techniques, Test Data Compression
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Paper ID:	14577 -JATIT
Title:	CLASSIFICATION OF IMAGES USING JACCARD CO-EFFICIENT AND HIGHER-ORDER CO-OCCURENCES
Author:	K. ANURADHA, 2 N. SAIRAM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 100 - 105 Vol 34. No. 1 -- 2011
Abstract	In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithm to deal with the medical image categorization. The algorithm implements an approach, which accepts a set of medical images as categorical input. The categorical inputs are compared with the given pool of images and the result is given in the form of boolean points. The Jaccard co-efficient similarity method does the classification by identifying the neighbors. The higher order co-occurrences with χ-sim Algorithm[2], which has been used for text categorization is implemented for identifying the similarity between images. The proposed approach is tested on images of different sets
Keywords	Image Categorization, Clustering, Higher-Order Co-Occurrence
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