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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology April 2012 | Vol. 38 No.2

Title:	FUZZY DECISION MAKING IN TREATMENT FOR ANGINA (2000 MATHEMATICS SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION CODE - 91B06)
Author:	RT. PANNEER SELVAM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 119 - 124 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	This paper discusses the application of fuzzy decision making in treatment for angina. The field of decision making is the study both of how decisions are actually made and how they can be made better or more successfully. Bellman[1] has shown that applications of fuzzy sets within the field of decision making have consisted of extensions or fuzzifications of the classical theories of decision making. While decision making under conditions of risk and uncertainty have been modeled by probabilistic decision theories, fuzzy decision making theories attempt to deal with the vagueness or fuzziness inherent in subjective or imprecise determinations of preferences, constraints and goals. Tanaka[4] formulated a fuzzy decision problem and applied successfully to an investment problem. Dubois[2] discussed the use of fuzzy numbers in decision analysis. Multistage decision processes in a fuzzy environment was studied by Kacprzyk [3].
Keywords	Bayesian Decision Making, Fuzzy Decision Making, Utility And Optimum Decision, Fuzzy Environments, Fuzzy States Of Nature, Universe Of States, Universe Of Informations And ANGINA
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Title:	RUN-LENGTH BASED COMPRESSION FOR SELECTIVE UNSPECIFIED TEST PATTERN
Author:	S. SARAVANAN, A. BALASUBRAMANIYAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 125 - 130 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In all System-on-a-Chip (SoC) designs, there is a necessity to reduce the large test data volume and this is achieved by test data compression. One of the methods is the variable-to-variable length compression method. A selective run-length based compression which comes under variable-to-variable method is presented in this paper. The proposed work is based on threshold calculation on don’t cares (X). So compression is not targeted for all the test patterns. Depending upon threshold value compression is identified. The test patterns having large number of don’t-cares (X’s) are selected for compression. Also the test vectors having less compression ratio is not considered for compression by calculating its threshold value. The selected test patterns can be divided into number of blocks containing equal number of test vectors. Each block is compared with the adjacent blocks bit-by-bit and it has to be merged. The number of blocks merged can be given in the control code. The experiments are conducted on ISCAS’89 benchmark circuits to know the effectiveness of the compression technique. The results show that the technique has a reasonable effect on compression.
Keywords	Test Data Compression, Selective Run-Length Compression, Don’t-Cares (X’s), Threshold Calculation, Block Merging, Control Code.
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Title:	EFFICIENT DEISGN OF LOW AREA BASED H.264 COMPRESSOR AND DECOMPRESSOR WITH H.264 INTEGER TRANSFORM
Author:	KALIKI SRI HARSHA REDDY, 2R.SARAVANAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 131 - 135 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The Video Compressor/Decompressor (CODEC) performs compression and decompression of video data by combining a Motion estimation and compensation module, Transformation module, and Entropy encoding module. Among these three modules, the spatial redundancy can be eliminated by the transformation module which exists in the spatial domain of video sequence. Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) is the transformation method in existing image and is a popular transformation technique for intra and inter frame video coding. This paper presents an architecture for transformation, inverse transformation, quantization and inverse quantization modules for one macro block (16 x 16 pixel region with one luma and two chroma components) with low area and minimum number of clock cycles using integer transform. H.264 Integer transform is a modified form of Discrete Cosine Transform. Using ASIC design tools a lossless design of 8 x 8 and 4x4 transforms were implemented with integer transform. The improved area and speed performance results are presented.
Keywords	H.264 Compressor/Decompressor, Integer Transform, Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT), Macro Block
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Title:	MULT IFOCUS IMAGE FUSION SCHEME USING A COMBINATION OF NONSUBSAMPLED CONTOURLET TRANSFORM AND AN IMAGE DECOMPOSITION MODEL
Author:	M. H. OULD MOHAMED DYLA, H.TAIRI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 136 - 144 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In this paper, a novel image fusion algorithm based on the non subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and an image decomposition model (IDM) is proposed, aiming at solving the fusion problem of multifocus images. In order to select the coefficients of the fused image properly, the selection principles for different sub bands are discussed, respectively. For choosing the low frequency sub band coefficients, maximum local energy is used as the focus measure to fuse the low frequency sub band. When choosing the high frequency subband coefficients, the maximum absolute value is used as the activity-level measurement to select coefficients from the high frequency sub images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms typical wavelet-based, no subsampled contour let-based fusion algorithms in terms of objective criteria and visual appearance.
Keywords	Non Subsampled, Wavelet, Image Fusion, Multi Scale Transform, Image Decomposition Model, Local Energy
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Title:	A PERSONALIZED ONTOLOGY MODEL FOR WEB INFORMATION GATHERING USING LOCAL INSTANCE REPOSITORY
Author:	SURYA NATARAJAN, Mr.J.SETHURAMAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 145 - 151 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Ontology describes a standardized representation of knowledge as a set of concepts within the domain, and the relationship between those concepts. Ontology is also used to represent user profiles in personalized web information gathering. For representing user profiles many models have been developed, these models provide knowledge from either a global or local knowledge base. The global analysis uses existing global knowledge bases and to produce effective performance. The local analysis observes user behavior in user profiles. The user background knowledge can be better discovered and represented if we integrate global and local analysis. Our model proposes to bring out data from global resources depending on the user whose profiles match the global content. Compared with other models ontology model has an edge. The LGSM(Local Global Search Methodology) is used for calculating the hit/miss ratio.
Keywords	Broader-term(BF), Library of Congress Subject Headings(LCSH),Local instance Repository(LIR), Ontology, Related-to(RT), semantic relations, Used-for(UF)
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Title:	CONFORMANCE TESTING IN 3G (34.123)
Author:	VISWACHANDRA.B, 2 D.MANIVANNAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 152 - 162 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The Mobile industry has witnessed a tremendous growth in the past few years with the advent of 2G, 3G and 3.5G technologies. The essence of these technologies’ lie in higher data rates, video telephony, high- speed internet and lot many others which provide reliable, uninterrupted and healthy communication among the users. This must ensure that the User equipment (UE) adheres to the standards proposed and meets all the requirements as specified by the standard bodies. This paper is concerned about verifying the functionality of UMTS protocol stack in User equipment through 3G conformance testing. This is carried out in a simulated network environment where different scenarios scripted in TTCN language are run to ensure that the implementations meet the standards proposed by 3GPP, which is referred to as Conformance testing. This would indeed help the certification bodies like GCF and PTCRB to certify the user equipment. This paper presents the test bench architecture, the environment and testing process which involves testing of various procedures and features in the UMTS. Testing of various features on the User equipment makes it versatile and most significantly qualifies the user equipment. Thus Conformance testing plays an important role in the mobile industry where the user equipment has to pass the minimum requirement in order to reach the user
Keywords	Third Generation (3G), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Conformance testing, Tree Tabular Combined Notation (TTCN),Protocol Stack, Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Global Certification Forum (GCF), Personal Communication Service type Certification Review Board (PTCRB).
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Title:	NEW PERSPECTIVE ON A SINGULAR MATRIX FORMATION
Author:	K. ARULMANI, K.CHADRASEKHARA RAO
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 163 - 169 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Determinants play an important role to decide whether matrix is singular or not. It is known that when determinant of matrix is zero, the matrix is noninvertible or singular matrix. This paper presents special properties for forming singular matrix. When square matrix is formed using those properties, the resultant matrix is degenerate i.e singular matrix. Determinant of the matrix thus formed is zero except matrix of order 1 X 1 and 2 X 2 and the matrix satisfies the most of the properties of the determinant. In this paper, we have shown how matrix of order n X n can be constructed by using special properties. We subject the new matrix thus formed to various arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction and multiplication), the resultant matrices are all singular. The results of these operations show that all resultant matrices produced as result of these operations except the multiplication satisfies the special properties. Any matrix that obeys the special properties is singular and the determinant value is equal to the difference between the sums of main diagonal and oﬀ diagonal elements. This paper will help researchers construct singular matrices that can be used for providing information security solutions.
Keywords	Singular Matrix, Determinants, Special Properties, Noninvertible, Arithmetic Operations
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Title:	PSNR BASED CLUSTERING AND INDEXING FOR FAST ACCESS
Author:	J. SHANMUGA PRATHIPA, T. R. LAKSHMINARAYANAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 170 - 176 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	High dimensional data is inherently more complex in clustering and searching. Searching the whole database without indexing leads to high I/O cost and expensive maintenance. A Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) based cluster is proposed for efficient access. This indexing method is scalable with data set amount and data dimensionality and outperforms several recently anticipated indexes. Vector approximation (VA-File) is used to overcome curse of dimensionality.
Keywords	Multimedia Databases, Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR), Indexing Methods, Similarity Measures Clustering, Image Databases
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Title:	A MICROKERNEL BASED SECURE OPERATING SYSTEM USING GENODE FRAMEWORK
Author:	B.PRUTHIVIRAJ, G.S.MADHUSUTHUN, S.VIJAYASARATHY, K.CHAKRAPANI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 177 - 182 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In a period when financial transactions have become substantially online, it is important from both security and functional perspective to have a secure and robust operating environment where these transactions can be performed. Although many operating systems can be configured to be reasonably secure, the problem behind the approach is in the design of the operating system. For example, most Linux distributions (including the acclaimed SELinux) execute a monolithic kernel approach, which essentially do not differentiate between the basic kernel operations and the operating system functionality built over them. This work discusses the advantages of a microkernel based approach to Operating System Design as given by the Genode operating system framework, and proposes two test security applications – a) An OTS Threat Management application which we build into the Genode framework; and b) A client-server based security application using the PolarSSL library, which we build into the framework.
Keywords	Genode Operating System framework, Microkernel, Integrated Thread Management Appliances (ITMA), PolarSSL.
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Title:	AUTOMATIC TEXT INTERVIEW ASSESSMENT USING IM DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
Author:	S. SUHAILAN, A. FADHILAH, S.M.T. SYARIFAH NURULHUSNA, G. FATIMAH, S.A. FADZLI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 183 - 190 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In existing studies of human resource selection, individual performance of a single candidate is usually considered, whereas the collaborative performance among the interviewee using the on-line instant messaging is not taken into consideration. Time is also very consuming to choose and short list thousands of applicants. Usually short listed interviewees are generated by looking at academics performance without really evaluate the applicants’ skills and knowledge. An integrated approach and its prototype for employee selection using an instant messaging as a collaborative tool during the interview process is developed using IM-DSS framework. It includes automatic technical answer scoring and automated ways of extracting ethical values from the interview answer log. Submission count and response time are among supporting features introduced to reduce problem in live interview sessions.
Keywords	Decision Support System, Instant Messaging, Expert System, Interview Online, Human Resource
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Title:	VLSI IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EFFICIENT TEMPLATE MATCHING ARCHITECTURE BASED ON FEATURE EXTRACTION
Author:	T. MAHALAKSHMI, R. MUTHAIAH
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 191 - 195 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	This paper presents a spectral architecture for template matching that combines edge detection, to find the similarity between input image and template. Generally template matching algorithms based on cross correlation suffers either from computational complexity or larger detection time. This architecture overcomes both problems and makes the system more reliable. Experiment results show the accuracy of detection and computational time. Since this model was developed on Matlab system generator and synthesized using Xilinx platform, it can be easily implemented on FPGA. Resource utilization can be done, which speeds the computation when the system is implemented on FPGA. This makes the architecture more comfortable for real time applications.
Keywords	Spectral Architecture, Edge detection, Cross correlation, Matlab System generator, Xilinx
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Title:	REVIEW ARTICLE: EFFICIENT MULTIPLIER ARCHITECTURE IN VLSI DESIGN
Author:	M. JEEVITHA, R.MUTHAIAH, P.SWAMINATHAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 196 - 201 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Designing high-speed multipliers with low power and regular in layout have substantial research interest. The analysis is done on the basis of certain performance parameters i.e. Area, Speed and Power consumption and dissipation. Multipliers are considered to be an important component in DSP applications like filters. Therefore, the low power multiplier is a necessity for the design and implementation of efficient power-aware devices. In this paper we have analyzed and reviewed a few multiplier architectures based on their working principle, speed and power efficiency.
Keywords	Multiplier, Modified Booth-Encoding, Carry Save Array Multiplier, Partial Products, Wallace Tree Multiplier
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Title:	GSM BASED RFID APPROACH TO AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHTING SYSTEM
Author:	R.RUBANANTH, T.KAVITHA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 202 - 205 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In today’s world, power saving is very important and difficult. Though there are many power generation methods, it has become very difficult due to insufficient resources. So, saving of power is the need for our society. This paper discusses about how power can be saved in street lights. The main objective is to control the street lights (dim during dawn and dusk time as well as bright during night time) using Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF). The engineer at Electricity Board (EB) can control the street lights of various areas. If any over load occurs, the connection will be disconnected and the information is transferred through Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) to EB. In case of any detachment of jumper (EB line) then also the information is sent. Also, if there is any complaint by the consumers, they can send the information to EB through Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Reader, which will be fixed in one of the street light posts and the tag is given to all consumers. The message will be sent to EB server through GSM.
Keywords	GSM, PIC Microcontroller, RFID, DTMF.
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Title:	VEHICLE NAVIGATION AND OBSTACLE DETECTION SYSTEM USING RFID AND GSM
Author:	S.SARAVANAN, T.KAVITHA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 206 - 209 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	An autonomous mobile vehicle needs to be developed to allow the vehicle to reach the desired destination using tracking and obstacle detection schemes. This paper concentrates on the vehicle navigation and obstacle detection. Vehicle navigation is carried out using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. It is used to navigate the vehicle from source to destination. The obstacle detection is carried out using ultrasonic sensor. If any obstacles are detected, the information is sent to the operator who navigates the vehicle through Global System for Mobile communication (GSM). The entire system is controlled by an efficient low cost version of PIC microcontroller (16F877A). On the whole, the system suits well for industrial goods transportation. The wireless technology plays the vital role in this automation system
Keywords	GSM, RFID, PIC Microcontroller, Ultrasonic Sensor, Vehicle Navigation.
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Title:	A NOVEL DESIGN OF QUARTER WAVE-SHIFTED DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK SEMICONDUCTOR LASER FOR HIGH-POWER SINGLE-MODE OPERATION
Author:	A. MOUMEN, A. ZATNI, A. ELKAAOUACHI, H. BOUSSETA, A. ELYAMANI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 210 - 218 Vol 38. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The spatial hole burning effect has been known to limit the performance of distributed feedback semiconductor diode lasers. As the biasing current of a single quarterly-wavelength-shifted distributed feedback diode laser increase, the gain margin reduces. Therefore, the maximum single-mode output power of the quarterly-wavelength-shifted distributed feedback diode laser is restricted to a relatively low power operation. The spatial hole burning phenomenon caused by the intense electric field leads to a local carrier depletion at the centre of the cavity. Such a change in carrier distribution alters the refractive index along the laser cavity an ultimately affects the lasing characteristics. In order to ensure a large gain margin (∆αL) between the lasing mode and the most probable side, and also a uniform internal field distribution, subsequently a stable single longitudinal mode operation, distributed feedback lasers structures with modifications in the corrugation will be considered. Namely, the inclusion of phase-shifts and non-uniform coupling coefficients is presented with a comparative analysis of the laser performances in the above-threshold regime
Keywords	Distributed feedback laser (DFB), distributed coupling coefficient (DCC), phase shift (PS), transfer matrix method (TMM)
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