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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology July 2012 | Vol. 41 No.2

Title:	ESTIMATION THE EFFECTS OF EACH SITE FACTORS, TIME FACTORS, AND OPTICAL FACTORS ON ABSORBED SOLAR RADIATION VALUE THAT INCIDENT ON A FLAT-PLATE SOLAR COLLECTOR
Author:	FAWAZ S. ABDULLAH, FIRAS A. ALI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 122 - 133 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In this paper, an estimated of absorbed solar radiation was developed to determine the performance of the solar collectors to develop best thermal energy conversion system. The aim of this research is to develop a tool for predicting the performance of a flat-plate solar collector from knowledge the absorbed solar radiation quantity. Also, the factors that affects on absorbed solar radiation value have been considered. These factors represented with collector tilt angle, the season changes that represented with month of year that the global solar radiation on horizontal surface has been measured, the location from the world represented with the latitude, time interval represented with hours of daylight from sunrise to sunset. Another optical factors affect on intensity of absorbed solar radiation has been considered. These factors correlated with absorptivity and transmissivity of the transparent glass cover which represented with (type, thickness, and number of glass covers). The result of each factor was analyzed for different collector tilt angle, latitude of place, and solar hour angle.
Keywords	Global Solar Radiation, Flat-Plate Solar Collector, Absorbed Solar Radiation
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Title:	RISKS BALANCING MODEL OF AGRI-SUPPLY CHAIN USING FUZZY RISKS UTILITY REGRESSION
Author:	SUHARJITO, MARIMIN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 134 - 144 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Farmers as the earliest stage in supply chain networks are usually weak and have no bargaining power in commodities pricing, because the commodities availability depends on season and has a very high potential for damage before be processed into specific products. So the price of agricultural commodities has a very high risk of fluctuations compared to the price of a finished product. As the farming profession becomes less attractive to farmers engaged in that could threaten the supply of agricultural products as raw materials for industry and national food security. Therefore it is necessary to develop a fairly commodities pricing mechanism to encourage more farmers so that the supply of agricultural products can be sustained. One method to formulate a fair pricing mechanism for farmers is utility risk balancing. This paper will explain a pricing model at farm level by consensus using stakeholder dialogue approach which is based on balancing the fuzzy risk utility preference that will be faced by all levels of the supply chain members. Fuzzy risk utility optimization was used to get consensus of supply chain stakeholder dialogue while basic risk utility function was derived by using fuzzy regression approach. The model is validated in the corn supply chain management to determine the corn price at farmer level using the risk constraints of each stakeholder.
Keywords	Supply Chain Risk Balancing, Fuzzy Utility Optimization, Stakeholder Dialogue
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Title:	AN ENHANCED SCHEDULE ALGORITHM FOR IEEE 802.16 WIMAX MESH NETWORKS FOR NEXT-GENERATION MOBILE SERVICES
Author:	C. RAVICHANDIRAN, DR. PETHURU RAJ, DR. VAITHIYANATHAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 145 - 157 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The WiMAX mesh networks based on IEEE 802.16 standard is being implemented with the goal of establishing open, easily extensible and manageable networks for a variety of people-centric applications. As an extension of point-to-multipoint (PMP) configuration, the IEEE 802.16 mesh mode provides a quicker and more flexible approach for network deployment and administration. Multimedia networking requires quality-of-service (QoS) support, which demands promising and potential mechanisms in addition to the four service types defined in the specification. In this paper, we design a general algorithm for subscriber stations (SSs) to achieve concurrent transmission in both uplink and downlink streams. Mechanisms for constructing and making adjustment of routing trees are also given in this paper. By examining standard, centralized and distributed scheduling/routing schemes in the mesh mode from QoS aspect, a BS-controlled and delay-sensitive scheduling/routing scheme is proposed. Simulation results show that overall end-to-end throughput is greatly improved when using our algorithm for concurrency and that the algorithm performs better when the routing tree is adjusted. The average delay as well as the delay jitters per hop in the proposed scheme is lower than that of the distributed scheme and much lower than that of the centralized scheme. Furthermore, proposed mechanisms can also achieve higher throughput and generate much lesser signaling overhead, making our framework a promising one for multimedia support.
Keywords	IEEE 802.16. WiMAX Mesh, QOS, Scheduling, Throughput, Concurrent Transmission
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Title:	HYBRID CONTROLLER BASED ON INTELLIGENT SPEED SYNCHRONIZATION INDUCTION MOTOR FOR THE FOUR WHEEL DRIVE OF ELECTRIC CAR
Author:	DEDID CAHYA HAPPYANTO, SOEBAGIO, MAURIDHI HERY PURNOMO
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 158 - 165 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	This paper describes the use of two dual induction motors as the driving electric cars for both the front and rear wheels. The two motors do not only have a synchronous speed used simultaneously but also support torque to drive this car. So modeling a three-phase induction motor is developed by employing a simulated motor speed control system using fuzzy controller. Then a test is conducted to the simulated motor speed rotation that has been designed with a fuzzy controller. After that the second electric motor rotation is also simulated at the front wheels and rear wheels of the car. To view the synchronization speed of the two motors synchronization, a test is performed to the two motor speeds. Two speed motor coordination systems for synchronization are controlled by using a Neural Network controller. The synchronization for the transient response is performed by the learning process on Neural Network with back-propagation method to get the weighted value for the different speeds. The simulation results are taken from the coordination model, and then the running simulation system is also performed to get an overview of the system output. The simulation shows that, after coordination with each system motor, the results of speed control are obtained with a small error value although the various amount of nominal disturbance load is changed.
Keywords	Systems Of Coordination, Synchronization Speed, Fuzzy And Neural Network Controller
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Title:	KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM MINING ASSOCIATION RULES FOR HEART DISEASE PREDICTION
Author:	M.A.JABBAR, DR PRITI CHANDRA, DR.B.L DEEKSHATULU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 166 - 174 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Heart disease is the single largest cause of death in developed countries and one of the main contributors to disease burden in developing countries. Mortality data from the registrar general of India shows that coronary heart disease (CHD) are a major cause of death in india.studies to determine the precise cause of death in rural areas of Andhra Pradesh have revealed that CHD cause about 30% death are in rural areas .Although significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease further investigation is still needed. Data mining techniques have been used in medical diagnosis for many years and have been known to be effective. In this paper we proposed a new method to discover association rules in medical data to predict heart disease for Andhra Pradesh. This approach is expected to help physicians to make accurate decisions
Keywords	Andhra Pradesh, Association Rule Mining, Boolean Matrix, Cardiovascular Disease
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Title:	HYBRID TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUE FOR IMAGE COMPRESSION
Author:	SRIRAM.B, THIYAGARAJAN.S
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 175 - 180 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Digital image in their raw form require a huge amount of storage capacity so that a scheme that produces high degree of compression is required which should preserve the critical image information. In this paper, data compression for images using hybrid DWT-DCT is used which performs discrete cosine transformation on the discrete wavelet transformed coefficients. This method gives high compression ratio, preserving most of the image information and the image is reproduced with good quality. Generally for getting high compression ratio, we have to trade off the clarity of the image. In this paper, three case studies has been discussed so that the most suitable case for a particular application can be taken and implemented. The new scheme reduces blocking artifacts, ringing effects and false contouring appreciably. The compression ratio that is obtained from this method is more when compared to currently used standards of Image compression, preserving most of the image information. The first case has a very high compression ratio; but for getting that the clarity of the image is partially traded off. Second case is more suitable for regular applications as it is having a good compression ratio along with preserving most of the information. In the third case, more importance is given to the image information. Also an Image sharpening technique which is generally not used as a part of Image compression technique, is used in this paper through which we can almost get back the lost information during the compression process.
Keywords	Discrete Wavelet Transform, Discrete Cosine transform, Hybrid transform, Arithmetic Length Coding, SSIM, PSNR, Compression Ratio
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Title:	DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF MULTILEVEL INVERTER-FED INDUCTION MACHINES – A SURVEY
Author:	NAZIHA AHMAD AZLI, NORJULIA MOHD NORDIN, NIK RUMZI NIK IDRIS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 181 - 191 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Direct Torque Control with Multilevel Inverter (DTC-MLI) has emerged recently in high dynamics AC drives fields for induction machines or permanent magnet machines application. In this paper, a review on a variety of techniques and concepts of direct torque control of multilevel inverter-fed induction machines is presented. The techniques and concept involved are classified as follows: Look-up table hysteresis based DTC-MLI, DTC-MLI with space vector modulation, predictive control strategy of DTC-MLI, hybrid modulation and hybrid inverter strategy of DTC-MLI and DTC-MLI with fuzzy logic controller. From this review, the properties of the discussed controller techniques together with advantages and disadvantages are presented.
Keywords	Direct Torque Control (DTC), multilevel inverter, look-up table, Space Vector Modulation (SVM), predictive, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC)
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Title:	COMPARISION OF FACTS CONTROLLERS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF VOLTAGE/LINE STABILITY IN TRANSMISSION SYSTEM USING SSSC & STATCOM
Author:	B.RAJANI, Dr.P.SANGAMESWARA RAJU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 192 - 200 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Voltage stability is concerned with the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable voltages at all nodes in the system under normal condition and after being subject to a disturbance. voltage instability becomes an increasingly serious problem . As power systems become more complex and heavily loaded, along with economical and environmental constraints, Real and Reactive power control/compensation in transmission systems improves the stability of the ac system. It also helps to maintain a substantially flat voltage profile at all levels of power transmission, and it improves performance, increases transmission efficiency, and can avoid voltage collapse. The placement of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based FACTS controller like static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and Static Synchronous series compensator (SSSC) have the dynamically controlling the power flow through the line .The paper, presents voltage stability L- index and three line stability indices Lmn ,Fast voltage stability Index (FVSI),Line stability IndexLQP have been discussed and were illustrated with the results obtained on a sample 6-bus system is incorporated in the power flow control. Line indices provide an accurate information with regards to the stability condition of the lines. The impact of these devices on voltage/line stability indices is investigated under simulated conditions on IEEE 118-bus test system, and on a real life 205-bus Indian system.
Keywords	FACTS;STATCOM; SSSC; Voltage/Line Stability; L- index; Line Stability Index Lmn; FVSI; Line Stability Index LQP
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Title:	FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF POINT PROCESSES USING XILINX SYSTEM GENERATOR
Author:	V.ELAMARAN, G.RAJKUMAR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 201 - 206 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Application areas of signal processing have grown dramatically in importance in recent times, in parallel with the growth of powerful and low-cost processing chips. This has led, in turn, to many new applications, including multimedia delivery and hand-held communications delivery. Image processing is one an important application among them, which has a strong mathematical basis. Specifically authors demonstrate point processes which use only the information in individual pixels to produce new images. Arithmetic operations, XOR operations, histograms, contrast stretching and intensity transformations are implemented using Xilinx System Generator (XSG). XSG is a useful tool to understand fundamental Digital Signal Processing (DSP) algorithms for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation. FPGAs provide a better platform for real-time algorithms on application-specific hardware with substantially greater performance than programmable DSPs. The study reveals that the hardware implementation results which are presented here will be extended to perform hardware-in-the-loop simulation.
Keywords	Image Processing, Point Processing, Xilinx System Generator, FPGA.
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Title:	E-GOVERNMENT: E-STATE WITHIN A STATE
Author:	HAMEED ULLAH KHAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 207 - 213 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	A state holds the function of a caretaker for the people by having enormous resources and abilities of taking care of its citizens’ needs. Within a state there are also shadow organizations and groups that do not adhere to the constitution of the state which impair the progress of growth and society. As a result the society enters state of slow declines opposed to pushing forward in its development. The only or one of the major solutions to the problem of corruption is to introduce automation and negate the need for manual interaction. However, the state alone cannot be held liable for the disproportionate expenditure of national resources as ultimately it is the duty of the citizens to see through the proper disposal of the resources. This research article aims to target the establish a transparent relationship between the citizen and the government and in addition yield the best of the worst from the government machinery so as to avoid communal panic that might lead to anarchy and disorder.
Keywords	Disturbed Systems, Software Agents, Database Management, E-Government, E-State
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Title:	SIMULATION OF CODE TRACKING ERROR VARIANCE WITH EARLY LATE DLL FOR GALILEO/GPS BAND LIMITED RECEIVERS
Author:	ONDREJ DANIEL, MARTIN ERNESTO OREJAS, JURAJ GAZDA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 214 - 219 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Both, the modernized GPS and Galileo, the new European Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), plan to incorporate in their signal schemes the Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulation. This modulation provides several advantages with respect to the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation. Among others, it provides a significant reduction of the code tracking error. Code tracking accuracy is an important aspect of the GPS/Galileo navigation services. Errors in the code tracking affect the pseudorange computation and thus the GNSS based position performance. To support the design of future GPS/Galileo receivers, this paper provides analytical and numerical analysis of the code tracking accuracy for GPS/Galileo signals utilizing BOC modulation as a function of key parameters like carrier-to noise density (C/N0), receiver bandwidth, and Early-Late correlator spacing. It will be showed that a remarkable performance improvement is obtained when compared with signals utilizing BPSK modulation.
Keywords	Code Tracking Error, Galileo, GPS, GNSS, Band Limited Recievers
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Title:	A STUDY ON PROTOCOL STACK IN 6LOWPAN MODEL
Author:	NURUL HALIMATUL ASMAK ISMAIL, ROSILAH HASSAN, KHADIJAH W. M. GHAZALI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 220 - 229 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Due to recent advances of heterogeneous network and the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT), wireless personal area networks including wireless sensor networks are assumed to be part of the huge heterogeneous network. This calls for a smooth integration between the higher network layer protocols Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) and the lower media access control (MAC) layer protocol IEEE 802.15.4. IEEE 802.15.4 is a standard that specifies the physical layer and MAC layer for Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). This standard is suited for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs), a constrained network of tiny, low power, low rate, small size memory with low computation and communication capabilities. However, IPv6 is forming the backbone of the desired heterogeneous network. Direct integration between IPv6 and IEEE 802.15.4 lower network layers is not possible. Hence, latest technology development is the transmission of IPv6 packets over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN). This has enforced some modification to the existing protocol stack and introduced the 6LoWPAN protocol stack. The 6LoWPAN protocol stack involves 802.15.4 physical (PHY) and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, 6LoWPAN adaptation layer, network layer, transport layer and application layer with specific 6LoWPAN application. This review paper describes all layers in 6LoWPAN protocol stack including its routing protocols, namely the Route-over and Mesh-under. These routing schemes are applied in 6LoWPAN adaptation layer and network layer.
Keywords	6lowpan, Protocol Stack, Adaptation Layer, MAC, PHY
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Title:	A MULTI-AGENTS SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE TO RESOLVE AN NP-COMPLETE PROBLEM
Author:	ABDOUN OTMAN, ABOUCHABAKA JAAFAR, TAJANI CHAKIR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 230- 237 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The multi-agent system (MAS) is a nature-inspired method, which supports cooperative search by the self-organization of a group of compact agents situated in an environment with certain sharing public knowledge. Moreover, each agent in MAS is an autonomous entity with personal declarative memory and behavioral components. In recent years, multi-agent systems have become a more and more important in the field of artificial intelligence and specifically in complex systems. In this paper, MAS is refined for solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP), which is a classic hard computational problem.
Keywords	Artificial Intelligent, Multi-agent Systems, NP-Complete Problem, Travelling Salesman Problem
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Title:	IMPACT OF FUEL CELL BASED HYBRID DISTRIBUTED GENERATION IN AN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Author:	J.A.BASKAR, R.HARIPRAKASH, M.VIJAYAKUMAR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 238 - 246 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Recent developments in distributed generation technologies have enabled new options for supplying electrical energy in remote and off-grid areas. The importance of fuel cells has increased during the past decade due to the extensive use of fossil fuels for electrical power has resulted in many negative consequences. Fuel cells are now closer to commercialization than past and they have the ability to fulfill all of the global power needs while meeting the economic and environmental expectations..The objective of this paper is to study the economic performance and operation of a fuel cell distributed generation and to provide an assessment of the economic issues associated in electrical network. In this study, with HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables) software, NREL’s micro power optimization model performed a range of equipment options over varying constraints and sensitivities to optimize small power distribution systems. Its flexibility makes it useful in the evaluation of design issues in the planning and early decision-making phase of rural electrification projects. This study concludes that fuel cell systems appear competitive today if is connected with proposed hybrid DG in an AC distribution grid. The overall energy management strategy for coordinating the power flows among the different energy sources is presented with cost-effective approach.
Keywords	Distributed Generation, AC Distribution Grid, NREL, Micro Power Optimization, Fuel Cell, HOMER
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Title:	NOVEL JOB DISTRIBUTION ARCHITECTURE TOOL FOR GRID COMPUTING
Author:	D.KALEESWARAN, Y.SOBIYA, P.R.JOE DHANITH, R.SIVASENTHIL
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 247 - 252 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Grid computing is an emerging field in networking where the network is expected to share the processing among processors with others networks to lighten the load and increase processing power. The whole scenario winds to the selection fo the best algorithm aimed at distributing the jobs evenly among the several processors at its disposal. The proposed architecture supports execution of both the batch jobs and parallel jobs efficiently and brings out the maximum throughput. The newly developed tool is compared with the SUN grid Engine tool both by running the batch parallel jobs. The observation shows that the developed tool performs slightly better than the SGE tool. As it is designed as a layered with enhanced polices/Algorithms and plugged out, modified with enhanced polices/algorithms and plug in back the module to improve its performance.
Keywords	Grid Schedulert, Service Gridg, Multistage Communication, Parallel Job Executiong, Grid Tool Kit, Queue
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Title:	MACRO-CELL PATH LOSS PREDICTION, CALIBRATION, AND OPTIMIZATION BY LEE’S MODEL FOR SOUTH OF AMMAN CITY, JORDAN AT 900, AND 1800 MHZ
Author:	LIYTH NISSIRAT, MAHAMOD ISMAIL, MAHDI A. NISIRAT
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 253- 258 Vol. 41. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	This paper addresses a path loss prediction and optimization by means of Lee’s model for Jiza town, south of Amman city, Jordan. Data were collected from mobile companies in Jordan in the frequency band of 900, and 1800 MHz. The calibrated Lee’s, Hata, and Egli’s path loss models were compared with respect to the original collected data. It is found that for the 900 MHz Lee’s prediction model has the least RMSE among other compared models, and thus is best fit such areas. On the other hand, the 1800 MHz has higher RMSE deviation compared to Egli’s model. Therefore, to realize least RMSE, an optimization factor is proposed. A new frequency reliance of the optimization factor is reported; so as a frequency dependent relation is proposed. The new factor is justified in accordance with physical differences between the 1800 MHz and the 900 MHz propagation mechanism. After optimization, minimal RMSE value is obtained for Lee’s model, and examples are given for comparison.
Keywords	Path Loss Models, Optimization Parameters, Macro Cell Propagation
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