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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology August 2012 | Vol. 42 No.2

Title:	OPTIMIZING SPARSE MATRIX-VECTOR MULTIPLICATION BASED ON GPU
Author:	MENGJIA YIN, TAO ZHANG, XIANBIN XU, JIN HU, SHUIBING HE
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 156 - 165 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In recent years, Graphics Processing Units(GPUs) have attracted the attention of many application developers as powerful massively parallel system. Computer Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) as a general purpose parallel computing architecture makes GPUs an appealing choice to solve many complex computational problems in a more efficient way. Sparse Matrix-vector Multiplication(SpMV) algorithm is one of the most important scientific computing kernel algorithms. In this paper, we proposed new parallelization algorithms that CSR-M based on CSR format and ELLPACK-R based on ELLPACK format, which are realized the parallelism kernel on GPU with CUDA. We discussed implementing optimizing SpMV on GPUs using CUDA programming model, the optimization strategies including: mapping thread, mergering access, reusing data, avoiding branch, optimization thread block. The experiment results showed the proposed optimization strategies can improve performance, memory bandwidth and reduce the execution time of kernel.
Keywords	Sparse Matrix-vector Multiplication, Computer Unified Device Architecture, Graphics Processing Unit
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Title:	A ROUTING ATTACK DETECTION METHOD FOR CLUSTER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	SHEN ZIHAO, LIU SHUFEN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 166 - 170 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Wireless sensor networks have been widely used in many applications such as military monitoring, target tracking and surveillance. Security issue is need to more concern. Routing protocol is the core technology of the network layer in wireless sensor networks. Many attackers disrupt the network with routing attack, which will do serious damage to wireless sensor networks. Consider the scare energy and limitation computation capability of sensors, traditional security detection method is not fit for wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we focus on malicious attacks on routing and detection method in wireless sensor networks. We analyze most kinds of attacks and threats on routing, and then propose a routing attack detection method for cluster wireless sensor networks.
Keywords	Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Routing Attack, Detection Method, Cluster Networks
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Title:	EVOLUTIONARY DISTANCE MODEL BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION AND MARKOV PROCESS
Author:	XIAOFENG WANG
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 171- 175 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Evolutionary distance is a measure of evolutionary divergence time between two homologous sequences. It is fundamental for the study of molecular evolution. In this paper, we exploit one-parameter model and two-substitution model using the differential equation and the Markov process in stochastic process. Through them, we can acquire the evolutionary distance between two sequences as estimated number of changes that have occurred per site. Experimental results are evaluated through Monte Carlo experiments demonstrating the usefulness of one-parameter model and two-substitution model, and comparing two models, the two-substitution model may get better accuracy than one-parameter model.
Keywords	Evolutionary Distance, Differential Equation, Two-substitution Model, Markov Process
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Title:	CLOUD APPLICATION AUTOMATION – A REVIEW OF VARIOUS CLOUD AUTOMATION TOOLS
Author:	SHRIVATHSAN.A.D, PRAKASH.V
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 176 - 181 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Virtualization of applications, desktops and servers has taken off in the past few years because of the convenience and cost savings. Organizations are rolling these virtual servers out in the form of private cloud, public cloud, or hybrid cloud services. Many experts say automated application deployment tools are a requirement when hosting an application in the cloud. In this paper we reviewed the benefits of cloud application automation and the readers will learn what they need to consider and which tools they need when automating applications in the cloud. Not too many studies are conducted in this area of comparing various cloud automation tools. This paper helps organizations in choosing an appropriate automation tool.
Keywords	Cloud Computing, Cloud application automation, Private Cloud, Public Cloud
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Title:	FUZZY CONTROL FOR HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS OF CEMENT CLINKER COOLER
Author:	XIANG ZHANG, JIDONG LU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 182 - 190 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	A fuzzy logic controller of the heat recovery systems of cement clinker grate cooler is presented in this paper. The development and tests of the proposed fuzzy controller have been implemented in a cement plant in Guangdong, China. Cooling is performed by blowing fresh air underneath the grate cooler plate and heat recovery is obtained by outlet pipe extracting the hot air. However, continuous fluctuation of both the clinker inlet temperature and flow rate, in conjunction with the practical unfeasibility of direct measurements of such parameters, makes it difficult to extract air at constant temperature, this being the only parameter that can be monitored for process control. In this situation, fuzzy logic control offers an advantage over conventional control techniques in implementing the control rules. Drawing on a previously developed unsteady-state real-time heat exchange model of cement clinker grate cooler operation, the paper describes the development and optimization of the control system along with tests of its performance.
Keywords	Fuzzy Control, Heat Recovery, Cement Clinker Cooler
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Title:	HIGH RATE COMPRESSION BASED ON LUMINANCE & CHROMINANCE OF THE IMAGE USING BINARY PLANE TECHNIQUE
Author:	MOHAMMED ISMAIL.B, Dr.MAHABOOB BASHA SHAIK, Dr. B. ESWARA REDDY
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 191 - 195 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	When working with color images, many processing algorithms and procedures can perform separation of pixel values into their luminance and chrominance components .This paper presents a new approach to compress the luminance and chrominance components using lossy and lossless Binary Plane Techniques respectively. The results are compared with the compression applied directly on RGB image using lossy and lossless Binary Plane Technique.
Keywords	Lossy and Loss less Binary Plane Techniques, luminance, chrominance, Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR)
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Title:	ONE FAIR SCHEDULING ALGORITHM OF INPUT BUFFER SWITCH
Author:	DAIYUN WENG, LI YANG
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 196 - 202 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	As functional components like switch structure and cache do not need acceleration, the input buffer program becomes the mainstream structure of high-performance devices. Fair resource allocation is a necessary condition for achieving service quality control. The switch scheduling should take both scheduling efficiency and fair resource allocation into account. An iterative matching scheduling algorithm iPFQ for input buffer switch was brought out based on iSLIP. Simulation experiments were used to verify average delay, throughput as well as link bandwidth allocation fairness under different loads when it is uniform distribution and non-uniform Bernoulli arriving probability. The experimental results show that iPFQ can achieve high scheduling efficiency under fair resource allocation.
Keywords	Input Buffer, Service Quality, Iterative Scheduling Algorithm, Fair Scheduling
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Title:	CHARACTERIZATION OF TUNNEL FET FOR ULTRA LOW POWER ANALOG APPLICATIONS
Author:	BRINDsA.A, K. CHAKRAPANI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 203 - 208 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In modern portable devices, the supply voltage is decreased to reduce the power dissipation. However as the supply voltage is scaled down below 0.4V, the normal MOSFET devices cannot be used due to lower ION/ IOFF ratio which will reduce the static power dissipation. Hence for low power applications, Tunnel FET is used as alternatives due to their higher sub threshold swing, extremely low off state current (IOFF) and excellent sub threshold characteristics. Hence Tunnel FET transistor has attracted a lot of attention for analog and RF applications. In Tunnel FET, the dynamic power dissipation will be decreased since the operating voltage is very low (0.4). The power consumption becomes a major bottleneck for further scaling. The continued reduction of MOSFET size is leading to increased leakage current due to short channel effects. A promising alternative for MOSFET which does not suffer from these limitations is Tunneling FET. In this work, characterizing the various parameters of Tunnel FET such as on current, off current, Transconductance generation factor for ultra low power analog applications.
Keywords	MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), Tunnel FET.
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Title:	A METHOD FOR DIAGNOSIS OF LARGE AIRCRAFT ENGINE FAULT BASED ON PARTICLE SWARM ROUGH SET REDUCTION
Author:	ZHUANG WU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 209 - 216 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The large aircraft engine fault diagnosis in the problem of accurate. General components with different, large aircraft engine structure and its complex, the work in higher frequency failure, failure appear in a relatively short time, and it is difficult to retrieval, leading to establish the connection between the fault occurs when the connection breaks. The traditional fault detection method is based on the relationship between the fault information fault mining, once the fault can't reiteration, will lead to mining failure, reduce the detection accuracy. Put forward the particle group of rough intensive Jane's fault diagnosis method, and applied to the plane engine, through fault knowledge acquisition, rules optimization, using the fault prediction method, set up the relevance of fracture. Complete fault recognition. The experimental results show that this method is good for improving fault diagnosis accuracy.
Keywords	Particle Swarm, Rough Set, Fault Diagnosis
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Title:	LOW COST MEDICAL DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM USING AVR-MCU AND PC
Author:	BASHAR S. MOHAMAD-ALI, ABDULRAFA H. MAREE
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 217 - 220 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	A low cost multi-channels data acquisition system for medical signals has been designed and implemented, using personal computer (PC) and AVR-MCU ATmega16L. The system is capable of displaying bioelectric signals such as electrocardiography (ECG) signal for a patient. Temperature, blood pressure, hart rate . ..etc, can also be displayed as (text) together with the bioelectric signal on PC monitor in real time. The implemented system can be used near the patient in an emergency room or at home. The patient data can be processed and or relayed to physician via internet to monitor the patient status.
Keywords	Acquisition, ECG monitoring, AVR.
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Title:	MODIFIED DYNAMIC SUBCARRIER BANDWIDTH (MDSB) OFDM SYSTEMS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION IN HIGH MOBILITY APPLICATIONS
Author:	K.VINOTH BABU, Dr.G.RAMACHANDRA REDDY, M.ARTHI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 221 - 226 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a fast growing technology which is frequently used in all high data rate applications. The standards like Long Term Evaluation (LTE) promise to offer a good data rate at high mobility. But the high mobility destroys the orthogonality of OFDM systems and also reduces the transmission energy efficiency. The transmit power is a very important resource in the OFDM based communication systems which determines the reliability, data rate and energy consumption of the system. Energy minimization is a very critical component in wireless OFDM applications. Minimization of energy and Inter Carrier Interference (ICI) is mainly concentrated in this work. In this paper we propose a new algorithm, Modified Dynamic Subcarrier Bandwidth (MDSB), which is a combination of Simple Bit Loading (SBL) algorithm with Dynamic Subcarrier Bandwidth (DSB) to minimize energy consumption and ICI. The results show that MDSB algorithm optimally minimizes ICI and Energy when compared to the other algorithms.
Keywords	Simple Bit Loading (SBL), Dynamic Subcarrier Bandwidth (DSB), Modified Dynamic Subcarrier Bandwidth (MDSB), Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO)
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Title:	THROUGHPUT UTILITY ENHANCEMENT OF COGNITIVE WIMAX WITH FEMTO-CELLS
Author:	A. KARTHIKEYAN, ARUNKUMAR. K, V.SRIVIDHYA, T.SHANKAR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 227 - 236 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	WiMAX with femto-cells is a cost effective and spectrally efficient next generation broadband wireless communication systems. Femtocells are perceived as having a strong potential to provide high data-rate services with increased coverage at low cost. Femtocells will allow new services and business models to be offered to indoor users. Almost parallely, the WiMAX standard has emerged as a potential candidate technology for the future wireless networks. WiMAX femtocells are currently under development and will therefore play an important role in the world of indoor broadband wireless access. However, several aspects of this new technology, such as the access method and interference avoidance techniques play a crucial role in the amount of interference caused to co-channel deployed macrocells. Cognitive radio is a recent technology which enhances spectrum efficiency by dynamic spectrum sensing. So by the integration of WiMAX with femto-cells and cognitive radio further enhances the spectrum efficiency. The integration faces certain challenges in terms of frequency reuse, power control, interference, complexity etc. So it is required to find the optimum power that is to be transmitted from the base station and also the optimum routes with optimum channel allocation, so that the interference is reduced and frequency reuse is possible. Also by implementing multi-hop cooperative communication, complexity of the problem further increases. The constraints are mathematically modeled using stochastic network model. Three resource allocation policies are introduced and it is proved using Lyapunov theory that these policies leads to the throughput enhancement. It is showed that how relaying and co-operative relaying affect the throughput. At-last an algorithm is presented for resource allocation satisfying the objectives of the policies.
Keywords	Macro-Base Station (MBS), Femto-Base Station (FBS), Lyaunov Function, Multi-Hop Cooperative Communication, Hungarian Algorithm, Maximum Bipartite Matching
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Title:	COMMUNICATION AMONG HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERS BY TECHNICAL NOTATIONS
Author:	ALI MOHAMMADALIZADEH GHAZIJAHANI, RODZIAH ATAN, NOR FAZLIDA M. SANI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 237 - 244 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Hardware and software engineers need to cooperate with each other in developing and building hardware/software systems. Any cooperation among engineers requires a convenient and efficient communication. There is a gap between hardware and software engineers that makes the communication difficult among them. They have difficulty in understanding each other’s language because they are different in the field of study and profession. If good communication is not established between these two groups, then hardware/software systems will encounter tremendous number of serious problems and defects which may increase the expenses of system in terms of time and resources. Hardware and software engineers need communication mostly for developing hardware-software interfaces and for clarification of type and format of the data that will be transferred among hardware and software components. In this paper, three different notations are proposed to help software and hardware engineers communicate with each other. By using these notations which are understandable by hardware and software engineers, the requirements relating to the data types and data formats will be depicted in uniform, detailed and accurate forms of documents.
Keywords	Engineers Communication, Communication Notation, Requirements, HW/SW Systems, Hardware/Software Engineers
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Title:	A DECISION BASED UNSYMMETRICAL TRIMMED MIDPOINT ALGORITHM FOR THE REMOVAL OF HIGH DENSITY SALT AND PEPPER NOISE
Author:	K.VASANTH1, V.JAWAHAR SENTHILKUMAR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 245 - 251 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	A New Decision based Unsymmetrical Trimmed Midpoint algorithm, which uses asymmetric trimmed midpoint rather than median for the restoration of gray scale and color images that are heavily corrupted by salt and pepper noise is proposed. The processed pixel is checked for 0 or 255; if examined pixel is equal to 0 or 255, then it is considered as noisy pixel else not noisy. The noisy pixel is replaced by midpoint of the asymmetric trimmed array. The non noisy pixel is left unaltered. Under high noise densities, the proposed algorithm fairs well by preserving fine details of the image. The Rank ordering is done by using a modified snake like algorithm with reduced number of comparators. The proposed algorithm shows excellent results quantitatively and qualitatively when compared to existing and recent filters. The proposed algorithm is tested against different grayscale and color images which gives higher Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and good Image Enhancement Factor (IEF) with edge preservation capabilities even at very high noise densities.
Keywords	Decision Based Filter, Unsymmetrical Elimination Filter, Salt And Pepper Noise, Mean Filter
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Title:	MULTIUSER DETECTION BASED TIMING OFFSET ESTIMATION FOR UPLINK MOBILE WIMAX
Author:	LAKSHMANAN. M, P. S. MALLICK, L. NITHYANANDAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 252 - 259 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	The approval of the new mobile WiMAX helps in realizing the real time wireless broadband networks with large coverage area and high data rate. In mobile WiMAX whenever a subscriber comes into the cell radius of base station (BS), it has to get synchronized; this process in mobile WiMAX is termed as initial ranging. This paper proposes a novel Multiuser Detection for uplink mobile WiMAX with better timing offset estimation and reduces the multiple access interference (MAI) at the base station
Keywords	Initial Ranging, Timing Offset estimation, Multiple Access Interference (MAI), Round trip Transit Delay
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Title:	A NEW GENERIC TAXONOMY OF MALWARE BEHAVIOURAL DETECTION AND REMOVAL TECHNIQUES
Author:	LEE LING CHUAN, MAHAMOD ISMAIL, CHAN LEE YEE, KASMIRAN JUMARI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 260 - 270 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	Modern malware has become a major threat to today’s Internet communications. The threat can infiltrate hosts using a variety of methods, such as attacks against known software vulnerabilities, hidden functionality in regular programs, drive-by download from unsafe web sites, and so forth. Matching a file stream against a known virus pattern is a fundamental technique for detecting viruses. With the popularity and variety of malware attack over the Internet, computer virus protection companies need to constantly update new virus signatures in their virus definition databases. However, the increasing size of the signature database can only detect known virus but cannot defend against new variants of malware. In this paper, we present an overview of the detection of modern malware focuses on suspect behavioural patterns. Contrary to classical heuristic engines which focus on the detection of encrypted malware samples, we integrate a known packer detector as well as unpacking routines to circumvent the protection techniques used by most of the modern malware. We believe that many obfuscated techniques used by malware authors are available on the Internet. More precisely, the use of known packer removals would strip out the packer protection with our dedicated decryption routines. Our apprehensive program is based on the integration of both static heuristic and emulator approaches; however, they do not necessarily have to serve as a complement for each other. Static heuristic scanner involves static extraction, which is relying on byte signature to identify a dedicated viral signature. Emulator can execute the arbitrary code from the instance and would trace the instance’s body code in a virtual environment. It can be used to combat any protection code, regardless of the complexity of the protection algorithm. Fragments of virus body could be detected while the execution is in a decrypted virus body. Lastly, we present experimental results that indicate our proposed technique can provide good performance against obfuscated malware. Through this study, we hope to help security researchers understand our defence approach and give some directions for future research.
Keywords	Static Analysis, Dynamic Analysis, Heuristic, Emulator, Malware
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Title:	OPTIMAL DESIGN OF SVC-PI CONTROLLER FOR DAMPING IMPROVEMENT USING NEW COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE APPROACH
Author:	N. A. M. KAMARI, I. MUSIRIN, Z. A. HAMID, M. N. A. RAHIM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 271 - 280 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	This paper presents an optimal design of a Static Var Compensator (SVC) for damping improvement of a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system. In this study, SVC is installed to improve the angle stability of a synchronous generator. A new computational intelligence approach using Mutated Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) technique is implemented. The study involves the optimization of the proportional gain, KP and interval gain, KI parameters of PI controller. Results are based on damping ratio as an objective function. Results based on MPSO technique are compared with other widely used optimization techniques. From the results, it is found that the proposed technique is very effective to reduce the damping problem which indicates that stability has been achieved.
Keywords	Small Signal Stability, Damping Ratio, Particle Swarm Optimization, Evolutionary Programming, Artificial Immune System
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Title:	A REAL-TIME REGISTRATION METHOD OF AUGMENTED REALITY BASED ON SURF AND OPTICAL FLOW
Author:	HONGBO LI, MING QI, YU WU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 281 - 286 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	To solve the time-consuming and errors in traditional 3D registration that restrict the application of augmented reality technology, a real-time registration method of augmented reality based on natural features is presented. It includes two procedures, the image feature detecting and tracing for registration. Firstly, to improve arithmetic speed, SURF (Speeded up Robust Features) algorithm is adopted to replace traditional SIFT (Scale-invariant Feature Transform) algorithm. Since detecting image features from every frame reduces efficiency of 3D registration, a L-K (Lucas-Kanade) optical flow algorithm based on image pyramid is used to trace the detected features in the second procedure. Accumulation of registration error is avoided by adopting feature redetection strategy which maintains 3D registration stability. Experiments demonstrate that our approach improves the accuracy and real time capabilities of 3D registration.
Keywords	Image Feature, Homography, Optical Flow, 3D Registration, Augmented Reality
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Title:	A SEMI-FRAGILE WATERMARKING SCHEME FOR IMAGE TAMPER LOCALIZATION AND RECOVERY
Author:	LINTAO LV, HUA FAN, JINFENG WANG, YUXIANG YANG
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 287 - 291 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	A novel semi-fragile watermarking scheme for Image tamper localization and recovery is proposed. The Logistic map is used to encrypt the feature extracted from the original image, then the generated watermark is embedded into the middle-frequency DCT coefficients of each block after being ordered in zigzag manner based on invariance properties of DCT coefficients before and after JPEG compressions. As for authentication, firstly, the feature information is extracted after decryption, and compared it with reconstructed feature information, then, the tamper matrix is generated. Finally, recover the invalid blocks by using bicubic interpolation. Experimental results illustrate that the watermarked image has good imperceptibility and can tolerate the common content-preserving image processing. It is also sensitive to malicious manipulations and can localize and recover tampered regions approximately.
Keywords	Image authentication; Semi-fragile; Tamper localization; Recovery
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Title:	DELAY ANALYSIS OF THREE ARQ PROTOCOLS IN GEOM/G/1 QUEUE MODEL
Author:	YONGQIANG ZHOU, SUOPING LI, YONG ZHOU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology pp 292 - 296 Vol. 42. No. 2 -- 2012
Abstract	In this paper, we study the performance of the classical SW-ARQ, multichannel SW-ARQ and GBN-ARQ in discrete-time Geom./G/1 queue with setup mechanism. Based on the method of embedded Markov chain, the expressions of the packet average waiting delay, system average delay and channel utilization are respectively obtained. Finally, by numerical examples, we analyze the influences of packet length, the successful transmission probability and packet arrival rate on system average delay. The numerical simulation results show that the system delay could be lower by choosing an appropriate ARQ protocol.
Keywords	Geom./G/1 Queue Model, Packet Average Waiting Delay, System Average Delay, Channel Utilization
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