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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
March 2016 | Vol. 85 No.2

Title:	OPTIMIZING COMMUNICATION AND COOLING COSTS IN HPC DATA CENTER
Author:	PROF. FADI FOUZ, SHADI ALRAHAL
Abstract:	Decreasing communication among nodes is an important factor to achieve high performance in the data centers. All proposed allocation approaches (contiguous and discontiguous) targeted the nodes itself that are included in a data center. In this paper, we targeted the job itself to decrease the communication through proposing an algorithm that schedules the jobs according to their sizes called same_job_same_size (SJSS). Running these heavy jobs needs a high cooling cost to avoid point of faultier, caused by heat generated by active servers, since executing these jobs takes very long times. A hybrid allocation approach (CBS) is proposed to distribute these jobs over cold spots relying on heat recirculation factor (HRF) to decrease the cooling costs. Our proposed approach hits the best values, comparing to some other approaches, under terms of usage system and saving cooling costs where it achieved 14% of saving power consumption.
Keywords:	Air Circulation, Communication Jump Message, Contiguous Allocation ,Cold Spots, Cooling Cost, Discontiguous Allocation, Hot Spot.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	A DYNAMIC APPROACH TO TASK SCHEDULING IN CLOUD COMPUTING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM
Author:	R. DURGA LAKSHMI , N SRINIVASU2
Abstract:	Cloud computing is one of device technology trends in the future since it combines the advantages of both device computing and cloud, Recent years have seen the massive migration of enterprise applications to the cloud. Cloud computing used in business organizations and educational institutions. One of the challenges posed by cloud applications is Quality-of-Service (QoS) management, which is the problem of allocating resources to the application to guarantee a service level along dimensions such as performance, availability and reliability. To improve the QoS in a system one must need to reduce the waiting time of the system. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a heuristic search technique which produces the optimal solution of the tasks. This work produces one scheduling algorithm based on GA to optimize the waiting time of overall system. The cloud environment is divided into two parts mainly, one is Cloud User (CU) and another is Cloud Service Provider (CSP). CU sends service requests to the CSP and all the requests are stored in a Request Queue (RQ) inside CSP which directly communicates with GA Module Queue Sequencer (GAQS). GAQS perform background operation, like daemon, with extreme dedication and selects the best sequence of jobs to be executed which minimize the Waiting time (WT) of the tasks using Round Robin (RR) scheduling Algorithm and store them into Buffer Queue (BQ). Then the jobs must be scheduled by the Job Scheduler (JS) and select the particular resource from resource pool (RP) which it needs for execution.
Keywords:	Genetic Algorithm, Cloud computing, Quality of Service, Cloud User, Cloud Service Provider, Request Queue, GA Module Queue Sequencer, Buffer Queue, Waiting Time, Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm, , Resource Pool.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	CROWDSOURCING SYSTEMS ON FACEBOOK PLATFORM: EXPERIMENT IN IMPLEMENTATION OF MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN SOCIAL RESEARCH
Author:	NATALIA ANATOLIEVNA RYABCHENKO, INNA VALERIEVNA MIROSHNICHENKO, ANNA ALEKSANDROVNA GNEDASH, ELENA VASILIEVNA MOROZOVA
Abstract:	The authors research the potential of network civil society for public crowdsourcing development in the contemporary Russian environment. The authors consider public crowdsourcing as policy subjects’ activity aimed at using the resources of citizens, who are engaged in online social networks, to collectively work out (ideas, projects) and/or support (a decision, practice) political innovations in the sphere of public policy. Thus, the authors put forward the issue of studying the quality of network structures and mechanisms of their functioning. The article reflects the main results of empirical research that attempted to define the network structure uniting Russian crowdsourcing resources employing the mathematical analysis of social networks and network communities within the framework of Facebook platform and to describe dominant actors of the network structure under research on the basis of social graph theory.
Keywords:	Online Space, The Internet, Online Social Networks, Network Analysis, Public Policy, Network Civil Society, Crowdsourcing
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	MODELING OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS IN SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
Author:	ISKANDAR MARATOVICH AZHMUHAMEDOV, AL'BERT ISKANDAROVICH AZHMUHAMEDOV, DINA ALUEVNA MACHUEVA
Abstract:	The social component is an essential element of most real-world systems, the efficiency of it’s control largely influences any company success and competitiveness. Control manipulations of the staff are divided into measures related to the control over the staff members and the structure of the social subsystem (SSS), as well as measures of institutional, motivational and informational manipulation. Informational manipulation takes a special place in this case. It involves the management of the structure and the amount of information available to the participants of a certain process. It is usually used to create a supportive and safe environment, maintain and strengthen the authority of the leadership, manipulate the consciousness of people in order to increase the level of motivation and loyalty to the system, create the atmosphere of zero tolerance for violations of certain norms of behavior, raise awareness of the decision-maker (DM), misinform hostile environment, etc. However, the effective use of informational manipulation is constrained by the fact that the specificity of human behavior inherently contains uncertainty. This uncertainty is subjective and cannot be described by classical methods of mathematical statistics that use the concept of objective probability. To account for this feature, the concept of the theory of fuzzy sets was applied when building the model. Communication in the SSS is presented in the form of dissemination of information in a graph whose vertices are the people and a plurality of ribs reflects a potential exchange of information between them and forms a "matrix of information exchange." The model built takes into account such factors as a possible asymmetry of the "matrix of information exchange", availability of the certain topic for the block of information that carries the vector of control signals, availability of the information exchange subject's own initial views on the information disseminated, degree of "conservatism" of the subject and his or her trust in the other members of the information exchange, level of his or her exposure to " social integrated force", etc. The model of communication in the social environment built in the work and the algorithm of informational manipulation of the staff developed on its basis with the purpose of bringing the SSS to a state set by the DM contribute to improving the efficiency of managing the social component. The experimental check conducted on the basis of a large international collection agency showed the adequacy of the proposed model and the usefulness of the approach in practice.
Keywords:	Social Subsystem, Information Exchange, Concept Of Fuzzy Sets; Information Control
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	COMPUTATIONAL LOAD DISTRIBUTION METHOD IN A PRIVATE CLOUD OF A MOBILE APPLICATION OF AN INTEGRATED ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEM
Author:	VLADIMIR VYACHESLAVOVICH KOPYTOV, ANDREI OLEGOVICH SHULGIN, NIKITA GEORGIEVICH DEMURCHEV, VLADIMIR VIKTOROVICH NAUMENKO, ANDREI VLADIMIROVICH GRITSENKO, SERGEI ALEKSANDROVICH FEDOROV
Abstract:	The use of cluster technology in a private cloud of a mobile application of an integrated enterprise information system requires the measures ensuring the reliable operation of its hardware component to be developed. The solution of this problem involves the use of effective mechanisms for maintaining high availability of a private cloud of a mobile application as well as the solutions to ensure the failover operation of server and client components. This paper describes the method of load distribution among computer network nodes in a private cloud of a mobile application integrated in a corporate information system; this proposed algorithm is based on the load prediction of the computer system, it performs the preliminary resources reservation required to perform a given task, initiated by user request. Load prediction is performed by the decomposition analysis of the history of running user tasks, which is a preliminary allocation of recurring task patterns with a certain set of parameters and with further prediction of occurrence of these problems in queue. The proposed method greatly enhances the productivity of a mobile application; it expands the set of the functions performed by the remote client by request and ensures the integration of several information systems on the basis of a single private cloud.
Keywords:	Mobile Application, Information System, Cloud, Load Forecast, Resource Management System
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	CONTENT BASED VIDEO RETRIEVAL USING DOMINANT COLOR OF THE TRUNCATED BLOCKS OF FRAME
Author:	TEJASWI POTLURI, GNANESWARARAO NITTA
Abstract:	We describe a system for content-based video retrieval for a large set of geographical data set consisting different categories of data like animals, birds, flowers, etc. The system retrieves similar videos using most dominant color of the non-overlapping truncated blocks of the key frame from a video. To reduce the complexity, the system converts each block of a key frame into combination of only twenty colors by using color look-up table. We can find out the most dominant color of each block by using same color-lookup table. Simple and efficient Euclidean distance metric is used to find out the most similar videos that match to our query video. The approach is reliable and flexible by consisting videos of different lengths in the dataset.
Keywords:	Content-Based Video Retrieval, Block Truncation, Color Mapping, Identification of Dominant Color, Euclidean Distance.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	TRUST MODEL TO INCREASE PURCHASE INTENT AMONG E-COMMERCE CONSUMERS
Author:	SHARFI M. ABBASS, SAIFE ELDIN FATTOH OSMAN
Abstract:	This paper draws a comparison between proposed trust model and other online trust models, with special emphasis on eBay, as one of the best trusted sites in this field conducted by comparisons with similar sites in this paper, and it has been identified strengths and weaknesses that exist in the eBay site and a solutions for those problems has been proposed. Proposed model depends on a secured database by assurance key (AK), technically known as the AK-DB, which contains a unique number for each consumer can not possess other, and designed AK generation and verification system (AKGVS). The proposed AKs are intended to replace credit card numbers, as a tool for verification of consumer identity when conducting electronic transactions. After that capture a picture of the face of the consumer using a digital camera is stored digital image in the database (Image-DB) by his/her AK and then compared this data in a trusted third party (TTP) database equipped with technology Face Recognition (FR), where is verified by online verification (OV) system. After verifying the customer's AK and image, it is compared that data with the blacklist (BL) that have all of his/her data remnants precedent set by the TTP to make sure that the consumer has no previous offenses and then allow or not to allow him/ to practice e-commerce through the website. When allowed to practice E-Commerce in e-fulfillment of the terms of trade becomes (seller / buyer) to know each other, which, in turn, leads to increase the trust among them, and the formation of a secure e-community. Were generated AK system test and compare the results with the system used in the generation of credit cards results then were analyzed this data using the ANOVA statistical analysis to identify the results, the results proved that proposed model has made the best of these credit cards results, There is a significant difference and statistically significant (Sig. 0.000), then the proposed model assessing the same method adopted in the evaluation eBay model. Finally, proposed new e-payment mothed more secure and easy such as (Hassa service) or use of social networks such as (Twitter) in financial transactions.
Keywords:	Assurance keys (AK) , credit cards, trust, electronic commerce (E-Commerce), electronic consumers (E-Consumers), trusted third party (TTP)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	IMPROVED MODEL FOR THE DETECTION OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION FROM MULTILEAD ECG USING QRS POINT SCORE AS AN ADDITIONAL FEATURE
Author:	SMITA L KASAR , MADHURI S JOSHI
Abstract:	Complexities of interpretation of various ECG findings in patients with myocardial infarction are well known. This study is an attempt to find out the utility of point scoring system in diagnosing myocardial infarction. The present study was done as an analysis of the data available in the database PTB from the public domain “Physionet” where 12 lead simultaneous signals of Normal patients and Myocardial Infarction are available. Multi-lead ECGs acquired simultaneously improves the accuracy in the diagnosis of heart diseases. The signals were analyzed for each of the 34 normal patients and 33 patients who have been diagnosed to have myocardial infarction. Point score as a feature and Naïve Bayes classifier were used to assess the ECGs. The point scores and Naïve Bayes classifier found the maximum diagnostic accuracy in the lead V6 where the area under curve is 0.968 and 95.65% individuals were correctly classified. Kappa score for all the leads when both the point score and Naïve Bayes classifier was used ranged between 0.78 and 0.96 with 93% sensitivity but with the exclusion of the point scores, the same ranged between 0.61 and 0.87. We found the combination of both point scores and Naïve Bayes classification to be good predictive utility in diagnosing myocardial infarction.
Keywords:	ECG, MI, Naïve Bayes, PCA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	PRELIMINARY MODEL FOR COMPUTER BASED ASSESSMENT ACCEPTANCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Author:	HAKAMI, YAHYA ABDUH A, AB RAZAK CHE BIN HUSSEI & KAYODE I. ADENUGA
Abstract:	In information systems study, computerized testing has evolved into what it is today as a result of the technological advancements. It has been a preferred form of assessment in some educational establishment since assessment process is considered to be fair, faster and reliable. However, a number of studies have provided evidence supporting a direct relationship between computer anxiety and computer utilization. The computer anxiety research clearly shows that a highly computer apprehensive individual will be at a great disadvantage compared to his/her peers. Quite a lot of technology acceptance studies in the field of education have been carried out, but a majority of them have been on the use of e-learning. Most of these studies used TAM as the base model and extended it with other constructs. Only very few studies used TAM without extending it. In comparison with e-assessment acceptance, just little research work has been done; the majority of the work has been done by Terzis and Economides. However, till date it is quite incomprehensible if the potential advantages of CBAs have been fully implemented due to many factors affecting its acceptance. The researchers investigate this by using a systematic literature review to explore these factors, and establish suitable technology acceptance model that would minimize fear associated with computer usage. This study is expected to help the education decision makers towards implementing a solid CBA system for secondary school students. Therefore this research is a research in progress review paper which is designed to understand the issues relating to CBA acceptance and implementation issues.
Keywords:	"E-Assessment" AND Acceptance "Computer Based Assessment” AND Computer Anxiety, And “Computer Based Assessment” AND Computer Literacy
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	AGE CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ROTATIONAL INVARIANT FEATURES
Author:	P.J.S. KUMAR, V. VENKATA KRISHNA, Prof. YK SUNDARA KRISHNA
Abstract:	Age classification has many useful applications, such as finding lost children, age-based face classification, surveillance monitoring, and face recognition. That’s why automatic age classification has become one of the challenging tasks in recent years and gained lot of attention from the research community. The present research derived a rotational invariant method by considering the rotational invariant local binary pattern (riLBP) that captures the local information of the facial images significantly. On this, shape features are evaluated using textons. On this GLCM features are derived to classify age in to four groups on FG-NET database using various classifiers. The results are compared with other methods and a comparison is made among the various classifiers.
Keywords:	Local binary pattern, Textons, Grey level co-occurrence matrix features, Classifiers, FG-NET data base
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	DETECTION OF SMOOTH TEXTURE IN FACIAL IMAGES FOR THE EVALUATION OF UNNATURAL CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT
Author:	NUR HALILAH BINTI ISMAIL, SOONG-DER CHEN
Abstract:	This paper presents an algorithm for detecting smooth texture in facial images which is prone to unnatural contrast enhancement. The algorithm consists of texture analysis and machine learning algorithm. Wavelet decomposition is used for texture analysis. Smooth texture tends to have small variance among the wavelet coefficients within the same scale. This paper proposes to divide image into 32×32 sub-image with overlapping of 16 pixels, then perform wavelet decomposition with 5 scales. The final feature is a 5 dimensional vector consists of the variance of the wavelet coefficients from each of the 5 scales. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used for feature classification. The SVM classifier was trained using 468 samples consist of samples from skin areas (smooth texture) and non-smooth area (eye and nose) of 78 test images. The performance of the classifier was evaluated using k-fold cross validation with k range from 2 to 10. The performance was excellent with the average accuracy for each value of k above 95%. The performance was also very consistent across different set of test images with standard deviation range from 1% ~ 4%.
Keywords:	Naturalness, Contrast, Statistical Naturalness, Contrast, Image Quality Assessment Algorithm
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	E-MARKETPLACE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN JORDAN: A GENERAL VIEW
Author:	HAITHAM ALALI, RAED WISHAH, SHIREEN ALALI, AHMAD AL-SUKKAR, AL-HARETH ABU-HUSSIEN
Abstract:	Jordan has rapid development of its virtual and real business environments; the country is improving the framework necessary to support the growth of its e-business activities. The increasing use of Internet and the potential of e-commerce give rise to important policy issues relating to national economic policy and rules of international trade. This article explores the general situation of e-marketplace in Jordan. Over the time, the market has been affected more by regulation than by any economic, social or technological change. The necessary regulations to sustain e-business activities in Jordan started almost with establishing the Electronic Transaction Law in 2001 which covered the electronic records, electronic signature, information letter, transferable electronic deed, electronic money transfer, authentication certificate, and penalties. One of the nations in the Arabian countries which has passed legislation (Electronic Transaction Act 85 of 2001) in terms of regulating e-business is Jordan, which was recently revised with the Electronic Transactions Law No.15 of the year 2015. Obviously, this set of laws requires further steps to deal with the electronic commerce that is governed by other laws and cover all e-business aspects. Likewise, more attention should be taken for legal, financial and market access issues that related to the e-marketplace and improve upon them.
Keywords:	E-Marketplace, E-Commerce, Jordan, Regulations, Property, Economy.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	APPLYING INTELLIGENT MOTION AND LOCATION MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE ELDERLY
Author:	S. KHAWANDI, B. DAYA, F. KHALIL
Abstract:	One of three adults 65 years or older falls every year. As medical science advances, people can live with better health and alone up to a very advanced age. Therefore, to let elderly people live in their own homes leading their normal life and at the same time taking care of them requires new kinds of systems. In this paper, we propose a multi-sensor monitoring system for the fall detection in home environments. The proposed system extracts motion and location data from the webcam, and heart rate from the heart rate sensor.The extracted parameters are the face and body speeds, center of mass, aspect ratio and heart rate. These parameters will be fed to a neural network classifier in order to classify the fall event in two classes: fall and not fall. Reliable recognition rate of experimental results underlines satisfactory performance of our system.
Keywords:	Neural Network; fall detection; heart rate; webcam.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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Title:	SECOND GENERATION IEEE802.11N PERFORMANCE FOR IEC61850-BASED SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Author:	NASSER HASAN ALI, BORHANUDDIN MOHD ALI, OTMAN BASIR, MOHAMMAD LUTFI OTHMAN, FAZIRULHISYAM HASHIM
Abstract:	As the initial scope of supporting communications inside substation automation systems, IEC 61850 was defined to be mapped on Ethernet as the layer 2 communication network technology. It is because the Ethernet is the dominant technology for the Local area network – LAN and it brings significant advantages of high bandwidth and low latency especially with the use of optics fibers at the physical layer. Consequently, Ethernet is very appropriate for the substation indoor LAN with applications that require high bandwidth e.g. measurements and time-critical functions such as protection services. However, when IEC 61850 is extended to support large-scale communication networks between substations, control the centers to substations and DERs; Ethernet is no longer a good solution. The rapid emergence of DERs, the increasing amount of electric vehicles and smart meters reveal the shortcomings of Ethernet which rest in its high set-up cost and scalability problem following the use of cable for all connections. In this paper we focus on the use of the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology to support distribution substation applications. The advantages of this solution lie in the low cost of installation, enough data rates, and hassle-free deployment. However, it is not suitable for remote control communications in the distribution grid due to the limited coverage of the Wi-Fi radio. Some examples of using WLAN Compliance with IEC 61850 models to construct the SAS network as well as the network performance simulation results are also included in this paper based on the Opnet software.
Keywords:	Distribution Energy Resources (DERs), IEC 61850, optical fiber, wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Substation Automation System (SAS).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20^th March 2016 -- Vol. 85. No. 2 -- 2016
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