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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
December 2013 | Vol. 58 No.3

Title:	HYBRID OPTIMIZATION FOR GRID SCHEDULING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM WITH LOCAL SEARCH
Author:	B.RADHA, Dr. V.SUMATHY
Abstract:	With network technology development, Grid Computing satisfies the demand of scientific community’s computing power. Grid facilitates global computing infrastructure for user to utilize the services over the network. A robust multi-objective scheduling algorithm is required to optimize workflow grid execution. Scheduling is a research area in Grid computing. Grid scheduling’s objective is to deliver Quality of Service (QoS) to grid users and raise resource use. Three conflicting objectives like execution time (makespan), total cost and reliability are considered in this investigation. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) including an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to schedule grids is proposed in this investigation. The proposed GA with local search proves its effectiveness in Grid Scheduling.
Keywords:	Grid Computing, Grid scheduling, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	FACTORS THAT DETERMINE EELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS USERS SATISFACTION: A CASE OF INDONESIA
Author:	TOGAR ALAM NAPITUPULU, SURYANTO HASOLOAN JULHAM PATRIA
Abstract:	The purpose of this study was to find factors that influence the level of user satisfaction of Elecronic Medical Records (EMR). Several factors were considered which are: the effectiveness of EMR systems (performance expectancy), ease of use and learning system of EMR (effort expectancy), the condition of facilities which facilitate EMR system (facilitating condition), the quality of information provided by the system (information quality), and culture organization (sharing knowledge). Three moderate variables were also introduced such as age, period of employment and expertise in using a computer. The research was carried out by taking samples from the hospitals that have implemented EMR in the country. The data obtained then was tested and analyzed using the framework of Structural Equations Modeling (SEM), to test the hypothesis in two steps, i.e., measurements modeling using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural modeling, using simultaneous linear regression. The findings of the study indicated that of the five factors in the test (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, quality information, facilitating condition, sharing knowledge), were all have impact on the level of user satisfaction on EMR. Practical implications of the findings, among others, would be that these important factors should always be considered as element of strategy in developing better information systems.
Keywords:	Electronic Medical Records, User Satisfaction, SEM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	AN EXPEDITED TRIPLE KEY BROADCAST AUTHENTICATION SCHEME BASED ON TESLA, ECDH, AND ECDSA
Author:	M. RAMESH KUMAR, SURESH GNANA DHAS
Abstract:	Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are prone to various security breaches as they are placed in hostile environments. Several security and broadcast authentication mechanisms were proposed for securing the WSN fully via key exchange mechanisms, handshake protocols, and other routing protocols. But these existing schemes cannot detect a variety of attacks and are not competent in terms of detection accuracy, resiliency, memory consumption, and transmission energy. An expedited triple key broadcast authentication scheme is proposed based on TESLA (Timed Efficient Stream Loss-tolerant Authentication) protocol, ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman) key agreement scheme, and ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm). The signature verification process is accelerated by releasing few intermediate computation results in the WSN by the sensor nodes. This WSN authentication scheme performs better compared to other security schemes, in terms of accuracy, detection of attacks, resiliency, memory consumption, nodal detection, and average of total transmission energy consumed per node.
Keywords:	Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH), Signature, ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm), False positive, Signature, and Timed Efficient Stream Loss-tolerant Authentication (TESLA)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	AN IMPLEMENTATION OF WEB CONTENT EXTRACTION USING MINING TECHNIQUES
Author:	BADR HSSINA, ABDELKARIM MERBOUHA, HANANE EZZIKOURI, MOHAMMED ERRITALI, , BELAID BOUIKHALENE
Abstract:	The Web has continued to grow up since its inception in volume of information, in the complexity of its topology, as well as in its diversity of content and services. This phenomenon was transformed the web in spite of his young age to an obscure media to take useful information. Today, they are billions of HTML documents, images and other media files on the Internet. Taking into account the wide variety of the web, the extraction of interesting content has become a necessity. Web mining came as a rescue for the above problem. Web content mining is a subdivision under web mining, which is defined as “the process of extracting useful information from the text, images and other forms of content that make up the pages” by eliminating noisy information .This extraction process can employ automatic techniques and hand-crafted rules. In this paper, we propose a method for web data extraction that uses hand-crafted rules developed in Java.
Keywords:	Web Mining, Content Extraction, Web Cleaning
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	HYBRID GREEDY – PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION – GENETIC ALGORITHM AND ITS CONVERGENCE TO SOLVE MULTIDIMENSIONAL KNAPSACK PROBLEM 0-1
Author:	FIDIA DENY TISNA A., SOBRI ABUSINI, ARI ANDARI
Abstract:	In this research, we present a hybrid algorithm called Greedy – Particle Swarm Optimization – Genetic Algorithm (GPSOGA). This algorithm is based on greedy process, particle swarm optimization, and some genetic operators. Greedy algorithm is used as initial population, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as main algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) as support algorithm. Multidimensional knapsack problem 0-1 (MKP 0-1) will be used as test problem. To solve MKP 0-1, GPSOGA divided into 3 variants: GPSOGA (1), GPSOGA (2), and GPSOGA (3) based on criteria how they choose an initial solution in each algorithm. Then we will see which variant that is better to solve MKP 0-1, in term of the best solution ever known, the average of solution in each run, and the average of computational time. After running program individually, we can see that GPSOGA (3) is more suitable than GPSOGA (1) and GPSOGA (2) to solve MKP 0-1. Because it can solve the test problem more accurate, and have better average solution except in Data 2 and Data 3. We also provide convergence analysis to GPSOGA solution. So, it can be proved that GPSOGA solution is always convergent to global optimum and it can’t exceed the exact solution in solving MKP 0-1.
Keywords:	Genetic Algorithm, Greedy Algorithm, Multidimensional Knapsack Problem 0-1, Particle Swarm Optimization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	INTEGRATED DEBIT CUM CREDIT CARD WITH DYNAMIC CARD SELECTION AND CARD LOCKING
Author:	S. RAJARAJAN, K.S. SURESH, M. PRABHU
Abstract:	Banking cards are widely used for performing various financial transactions. The usage of cards is considered to be convenient and safe over transactions by cash payments. There are several types of cards available today and among them, the debit and credit cards are the most commonly used. Debit cards are provided by the banks to the account holders in order access the accounts electronically. A credit card is a payment card issued to the users as a system of payment. Every credit card holder gets a revolving account with the card issuing bank and granted with a line of credit. Most of the banks offer both credit cards and debit cards. Due to the benefits of debit and credit cards, a normal customer would prefer to have both the cards and selectively use either of the cards for a transaction. Even though it is beneficial to have both the cards, carrying two separate cards everywhere is regarded as inconvenient and unsafe. So the objective our work is to devise a model to integrate two card functionalities into one card and let the user choose the mode of the card. In our model, the user may change the card mode using the keypad provided at the backside/front of the card. A four digit security pin has to be entered for that. User could see the present mode of the card on a small LCD screen available in the card. When the card mode is set to ‘lock’, the card gets blocked and any attempt to use the card will be declined. Unlocking could be done by restoring the mode to debit or credit. The proposed model of the card incorporates a Processor, ROM, NVRAM, LCD screen and a keypad. The whole circuit will be powered by battery. Finally a review of the model is done and the benefits, limitations and future research possibilities as identified.
Keywords:	Bank, Credit card, Debit card, ATM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	CONTROL OF TRANSFORMERLESS UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPLY FOR UNITY POWER FACTOR AND SINUSOIDAL INDUCTOR CURRENTS
Author:	SHAILAJA K , B. UMAMAHESWARI
Abstract:	This paper discusses the design of controller for transformerless uninterruptible power supply (UPS), with simultaneous ac and dc loading. The objective of the design is to maintain good regulation of the ac and dc voltages and sinusoidal inductor currents simultaneously. The volt-second balance across the output filter inductor is used to maintain the current in sinusoidal form which is the unique contribution of this paper. Complete analytical design solution is provided for both rectifier and inverter simultaneously. Implementation of the controller requires simple analog circuits. The proposed solution is validated through simulation and experimentation.
Keywords:	Ac And Dc Load, Carrier Based Modulation, Half Bridge Boost Rectifier, Transformerless UPS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	ONLINE INTERNAL FAULT IDENTIFICATION IN TRANSFORMERS BASED ON DIRECTION AND LOCATION OF MAGNETIZING SIGNATURE PATTERNS
Author:	R.SENTHIL KUMAR, K.R.SUGAVANAM N.PRABHAKARAN, V.SENTHIL KUMAR, Dr.N.R.SHANKER
Abstract:	The transformers are designed to transmit and distribute electrical power. Depending on the size of the requirement, replacement costs will be more if any fault occurs. Performing offline and invasive test also added to the replacement cost. Hence there is an increasing need to move from traditional schedule based maintenance programs to condition based maintenance. A large number of techniques are available for transformer health monitoring however a focused approach is required for diagnostics. Considering the long service life of a power transformer and prevalent use of human judgment, there is a need to structure a knowledge base around expert knowledge while continuing to create new diagnostic capabilities which can be plugged in. A novel method of online detection of the faults in the transformer is done by using the spectral signature of the flux emitted by the transformer during the running condition. In the flux based transformed fault identification region based fault can be detected at the earlier stage. From the experimental result it has concluded that flux based fault detection is efficient method for prefault detection when compared to the existing method. The flux based fault discrimation in transformer is more efficient.
Keywords:	Electromagnetic Flux, Transformer Faults, Predictive Maintenance, Spectral Signature, Flux Sensor
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	A NOVEL ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY BASED AODV FOR MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS FOR ENHANCED SECURITY
Author:	M JANARDHANA RAJU, Dr.P.SUBBAIAH, V.RAMESH
Abstract:	The all-pervading nature of communication networks has paved the way for the development of wireless and internet applications, making communication possible all over the world. With the explosion of networks and the huge amount of data transmitted along, securing the data content is becoming more and more important. Mobile ad hoc networks are multi hop wireless networks without fixed infrastructure. So there is a possibility to get several types of attacks including denial of service attacks, which leads to consume the system resources like bandwidth, power and memory. To keep away from these vulnerable attacks researchers proposed many schemes, but still those are possessing massive threats. Hence there is a necessity of new secure routing mechanism. Hence, we have introduced a novel secured Elliptic Curve based Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol. Here the main advantage with ECC is, it takes less memory provides great security and flawlessly suitable for low power devices like mobile nodes. So the performance of the overall system is good compare with other secure routing mechanisms.
Keywords:	Elliptic Curve Cryptography, AODV, RSA, SEAD, SRP
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	A MODEL OF OPENEHR-BASED ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD IN INDONESIA
Author:	A.B. MUTIARA, A. MUSLIM, T. OSWARI, R. ASRITA
Abstract:	For the realization of the vision and mission of Healthy Indonesia 2015, we need a health service with a broad and comprehensive scope.To provide health services, it can be realized by creating an integrated information system applications such as creating an electronic medical record that has the ability to process and store patient medical data. The specifications used medical record is an open specification contained in OpenEHR that includes information and service model for electronic medical records, demographics, and the archetype which allows software developers taking the logical structure as a universal functional interface, so it can facilitate the process of information by the recipient. It is because of using the interface with appropriate-purposed data presentation and data on computer screen of the same users. The purpose of this paper is to create an electronic website for the medical record by using OpenEHR specifications for easy accessing, processing and storing the medical records by the actors that play a role in the data processing of medical records. With this application it is expected to be useful for data processing and health information gathering, thus to improve the quality of services that will impact the improved performance of the hospital management. The improved performance of the hospital management will become a supporter of the vision and mission Healthy Indonesia 2015.
Keywords:	Electronic Medical Records (EMR), Health Information System (HIS), OpenEHR, HL7
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	QoS ASSURED DYNAMIC BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION IN EPON-LTE NETWORKS
Author:	S. RAMYA, N. NAGARAJAN, B. KAARTHICK
Abstract:	Ensuring stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements is a critical issue in determining the performance of the network. Added to that, when the network happen to be converged Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) which is essential for today’s bandwidth-intensive customer needs, it is still more critical. Hence, allocation of resources to the end-points is the crucial process in such a converged network. This paper reports a new scheme for allocating time-slots to the end user services in converged EPON and LTE networks. And it is enhanced to support QoS by establishing a mapping mechanism between the LTE bearers and EPON queues. Simulation results reveal that throughput and other QoS services, such as jitter, delay excel in the employed scheme than the traditional one.
Keywords:	LTE, EPON, Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, QoS provisioning
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	DATA INTEGRITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING SECURITY
Author:	Dr. NEDHAL A. AL-SAIYD, NADA SAIL
Abstract:	Cloud computing requires comprehensive security solutions based upon many aspects of a large and loosely integrated system. The application software and databases in cloud computing are moved to the centralized large data centers, where the management of the data and services may not be fully trustworthy. Threats, vulnerabilities and risks for cloud computing are explained, and then, we have designed a cloud computing security development lifecycle model to achieve safety and enable the user to take advantage of this technology as much as possible of security and face the risks that may be exposed to data. A data integrity checking algorithm; which eliminates the third party auditing, is explained to protect static and dynamic data from unauthorized observation, modification, or interference.
Keywords:	Cloud Computing, Cloud Computing Security, Data Integrity, Cloud Threads, Cloud Risks
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	DESIGN OF DELAY INTERPOLATION BASED DIFFERENTIAL SELF BIASED CLOCK PLLS
Author:	J. DHURGA DEVI
Abstract:	n the present day tiled and multicore processors, the traditional self biased PLL is often used with very little modification from its original architecture. The margins available for timing uncertainties, and hence the jitter constraints on the clock PLLs, have become progressively more stringent. In most of these microprocessors, the well proven architecture, the traditional self biased PLL is still being widely used with hardly any modification. The present scenario demands modifications in its topology to address the jitter constraints. This paper modifies the traditional self biased PLL targeting jitter reduction and proposes a differential self biased PLL incorporating delay interpolation based VCO that provides a constant swing VCO signal. The proposed PLL with its constant swing VCO architecture and differential PLL architecture, minimizes the input referred noise as well as the noise contribution by the VCO itself. While adopting the delay interpolation principle in the VCO of the traditional self biased PLL, it is ensured that the salient features like constant damping factor, constant loop bandwidth to reference frequency ratio, static and dynamic supply rejection characteristic is met for the entire operating frequency range of PLL and thus the proposed PLL becomes insensitive to process parameters and supply voltage variations. With a combination of delay interpolation principle and self biased scheme the modified VCO operates over a wide frequency range and hence the proposed PLL exhibits wide capture range. Detailed design followed by simulations carried out with 0.18μm CMOS process shows jitter improvement of 46% to 85% over a capture range of 1.7GHz.
Keywords:	Adaptive bandwidth PLL, Delay interpolator VCO, Jitter, Microprocessor clock, Self biased PLL
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	ARE VDTN ROUTING PROTOCOLS SUITABLE FOR DATA COLLECTION IN SMART CITIES: A PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
Author:	NABIL BENAMAR, MARIA BENAMAR, SARA AHNANA, FATIMA ZAHRAE SAIYARI, MOULAY DRISS EL OUADGHIRI, JEAN MARIE BONNIN
Abstract:	Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) are composed of mobile nodes (vehicles) that communicate wirelessly to transfer data between nodes despite connectivity issues. It enables network connectivity in sparse or partitioned opportunistic networks, characterized by the low node density where the vehicular traffic is sparse and direct end-to-end paths between communicating parties do not always exist. Routing in such environments is challenging due to the absence, for nodes, of information about the state of the partitioned network, and because transfer opportunities between nodes are of limited duration. This paper focuses on the study of the performance of some well-known VDTN routing protocols in different scenarios to assess their suitability of use in the case of collecting sensor data in cities. In this paper we study the case of stationary nodes that represent urban sensor measuring different types of data, and transmitting collected information to stationary destination nodes, which are connected to the Internet. The transmission mechanism is performed through a set of mobile nodes in a VDTN context. We study the impact of different parameters on the routing protocols performances, using a large set of simulations and two scenarios. The results show that there is no perfect routing protocolthat is the best for all scenarios.
Keywords:	Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks, Routing, Performance Evaluation,ONE
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	ARABIC TERM EXTRACTION USING COMBINED APPROACH ON ISLAMIC DOCUMENT
Author:	ALI MASHAAN ABED, SABRINA TIUN, MOHAMMED ALBARED
Abstract:	While a wide range of methods has been conducted to English terminology extraction, relatively few studies have been applied to Arabic terms extraction in Islamic corpus. In this paper, we present an efficient approach for automatic extraction of Arabic Terminology (SWTs, MWTs). The approach relies on two main filtering steps: the linguistic filter, where simple part of speech (POS) tagger is used to extract candidate MWTs matching given syntactic patterns, and the statistical filter where several statistical methods (PMI, Kappa, CHI-squire, T-test, Piatersky- Shapiro and Rank Aggregation) are used to rank candidate MWTs and we applied IF.IDF to rank the SWTs candidate. Our approach extracted the bi-gram candidates of MWTs Islamic term from corpus and evaluated the association measures (STWs and MWTs) by using the n-best evaluation method.
Keywords:	Term Extraction, SWTs, MWTs, Association measures, n-best evaluation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	AN ANALYSIS OF ENERGY MODELS FOR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS
Author:	N. KUMAR, SURESH GNANA DHAS
Abstract:	Energy must be significantly conserved in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) by employing energy models. Majority of the energy models address only the hidden terminal issue, but result in higher power consumption due to increased collisions during packet transfer. The proposed energy model for MANET involves an Energy-efficient Optimized Link State Routing (EE-OLSR) protocol and a path maintenance scheme. The EE-OLSR energy model is based on a progressive search for the most energy-efficient path. This model reduces the routing overhead and path setup delay, and enhances the network lifetime. The existing energy models for MANET are based on OLSR protocol and DE (Differential Evolution) – OLSR protocol with features like QoS (Quality of Service) optimization, accuracy of energy states, distributed clustering, and energy-efficient clustering. The survey analysis involves the comparison of the proposed EE-OLSR model with the existing energy models. The EE-OLSR model consumes lesser energy compared to the existing energy models, with respect to nodal speed, packet size, average connection arrival rate, number of nodes, grid size and packet inter-arrival time.
Keywords:	Adjacent Cluster (AC), Cluster Head (CH), Immediate Neighbor (IN), Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR), and Topology Control (TC).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF LOW POWER HYBRID ADDER
Author:	For any digital system, digital signal processing or control system addition is a core operation. The performance of the resident adders greatly influences rapid and accurate operation of digital systems. Adders are one of the most prominent components in digital systems, as they are broadly used in other basic digital operations such as subtraction, multiplication and division. Improved the performance of the adder would therefore greatly advance the execution of operation greatly advance the execution of operations inside a circuit compromised of such blocks [1]. A comparative analysis on power consumption in three different adders, each offering different advantages and having tradeoffs has been performed based on circuit complexity and power consumption. The pioneer of CMOS traditional adder circuits, which consumes more power when compared to other two adders. The total number of transistors required for conventional CMOS adder is 28. Recently, it has been proved that the multiplexer-based multiplier outperforms the modified Booth multiplier both in speed and power dissipation by 13% to 26%, due to small internal capacitance [2]. The performance characteristics of conventional multiplier types which observed, it is found that the multiplexer-based and Transmission Gate based multiplication algorithm is more advantageous, especially when the size of the multiplied numbers is small. The number of transistors required for multiplexer based adders is 16. A heuristic approach, known as hybrid adder models is proposed to achieve optimal power savings at smaller geometry sizes. This hybrid adder model that consumes low power among three adders and the transistors required are 12. The design is simulated using MOSIS 90nm technology.
Abstract:	Full Adder, Hybrid Adder, CMOS, Multiplexer, MOSIS
Keywords:
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	ENHANCING SECURITY IN CRYPTOGRAPHIC SMART CARDS THROUGH ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY AND OPTIMIZED MODIFIED MATRIX ENCODING ALGORITHMS
Author:	G.PRAKASH, Dr. M.KANNAN
Abstract:	Now-a-days Cryptographic smart cards are being used for most of the online transactions in many fields. But the security and the privacy of usage of these smart cards have been threatened by various attacks to hack the passwords of the smart card users. Since, small length passwords are easily accessible to hackers, users and organizations adapt to longer passwords or to change their passwords frequently. But the risk of having longer passwords or changing passwords frequently is that the passwords could be easily forgotten. Researchers have got this into their main concern and have worked on improving the security of these Cryptographic smart cards. They have employed several cryptographic techniques to embed the card holder details and the password into the smart card. However, those methods invented to improve the smart card security are not up to the requirements. In this work, we have designed a secure technique by integrating both Cryptography and Steganography which can be used for Smart Card Security. Initially, user’s confidential details are encrypted using the most secure Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) technique and then the encrypted cipher is embedded into the users photographic image using a novel proposed steganographic technique named Optimized Modified Matrix Encoding (OMME) algorithm. While embedding the encrypted user details into the image of the user, in order to reduce distortion of stego-image, an Optimization algorithm, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) technique is used to select the image pixels where the secret data should be embedded. On the other end, the secret data embedded into users’ image is extracted and it is de-ciphered. If the match occurs, then user will be authenticated. This proposed technique increases the level of security and thus it can be used for the security of smartcards when compared to existing methodologies, since ECC is more secure than any other cryptographic algorithm and the modified matrix encoding using ABC algorithm embeds more number of message bits and simultaneously reduces distortion in stego image.
Keywords:	Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), Optimized Modified Matrix Encoding (OMME), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	A TECHNIQUE TO USER PROFILING ONTOLOGY MINING AND RELATIONSHIP RANKING
Author:	S.VIGNESHWARI, DR. M. ARAMUDHAN
Abstract:	Ontologies play a crucial role in emerging fields of web technology like e-commerce, expert systems and so on. User preferences and user interesting topics can be captured through User Profiling Ontologies (UPO). The proposed framework discussed here, is to construct a personalized UPO, based on the interest of a particular user. The constructed UPO can be much more strengthened, by establishing relationships among the concepts. Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a standard ontology language used for knowledge representation on the web. Using the proposed information gathering model, the similarity measures between the concepts are identified. Based on the priority of the similarity measures, strong relationships can be established among the concepts in the ontology. It is obvious that more relevant results can be produced using this model, based on precision, recall and weighted harmonic mean. As well as the time of concept retrieval is also less using this approach of establishing relationships. This can be implemented by utilizing the OWL properties and the results are given.
Keywords:	Ontology, Preprocessing, Crawler, UPO, Precision, OWL, Object Properties, Semantic Similarity, Relationships
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	ENHANCED PRIVACY PRESERVATION WITH PERTURBED DATA USING FEATURE SELECTION
Author:	V.S. PRAKASH, Dr. A. SHANMUGAM
Abstract:	In data mining applications, privacy plays an imperative role. This has triggered the development of many privacy preserving data mining techniques. To facilitate privacy preservation in data mining or machine learning algorithms over horizontally partitioned or vertically partitioned data, many protocols have been proposed using SMC and various secure building blocks. Our previous works focused on preserving privacy by adapting individually adaptable perturbation model, which enables the individuals to choose their own privacy levels. But the downside is that it does not discover the computational results for privacy properly. This paper proposed a feature selection with privacy preservation in multi-partitioned dataset. Data can be sealed for privacy by perturbation technique as pseudonym name. In multi-partitioned data evaluation, it creates classification of data and selection of feature for data mining decision model which construct the structural information of model in this paper. The purpose of gain ratio method has taken in this paper to enhance the privacy in multi-partitioned data set. All features don’t require protecting the confidential data for best model. The data representation for privacy preserving data mining has taken to increase the data mining technique to construct finest model without breaking the privacy individuals. An experimental evaluation is conducted to estimate the performance of the proposed enhanced privacy preservation with perturbed data using feature selection [EPPDFS] in multi-partitioned datasets demonstrated by diverse experiments conducted on both synthetic and real-world data sets.
Keywords:	Privacy Preserving, Data Mining, Perturbed Data, Feature Selection
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	STUDENT MODELING IN ADAPTIVE EDUCATIONAL CHAT ROOM
Author:	MUNA HANINI, RADWAN TAHBOUB, NEDAL A.M JABARI
Abstract:	This paper introduced a viable method for modeling student in adaptive educational chat room. This is a complementary solution to the discussion rooms that have been discussed in the virtual classroom AVCM. Adopted this model to study the behavior of the student during the chat session and find an assessment of knowledge depending on it. That's where the period of time spent by students during the chat session is an important element of assessment, which also includes peer evaluation among students as well as the main component is analyzing the text of the discussion among the students and search for a set of specific expressions to determine the level of benefit presented by each student to another. At the end of the chat session each student will be modeled using the entries of the set < Ts, P, M, S> where S is the student model = ((3M+2Ts+P))/6.
Keywords:	Model, AVCM, Mining, Chat, Discussion
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	INTELLIGENT IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENT SYSTEM BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND PROFIT OPTIMIZATION FOR PLANTING TIME DECISION MAKING OF CROPS IN LOMBOK ISLAND
Author:	MOHAMMAD ISA IRAWAN , SYAHARUDDIN , DARYONO BUDI UTOMO, ALVIDA MUSTIKA RUKMI
Abstract:	Cropping pattern is a scheduling for farming time on a certain land in a definite period (e.g. 1 year), including unfilled area. In arranging crop planting patterns, hydrological (rainfall), climatological (temperature, humidity, wind speed, and sunshine), crop (crop coefficient value, productivity and price) and land area data are required. Therefore, a method that can be applied to predict the hydro climatological data is needed. The appropriate method for such prediction is Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). Prediction result of BPNN will be used to determine minimum crop water requirements, and it will be associated with planting time (age) of each crop for making cropping pattern. The design of most favorable cropping pattern will obtain the maximum profit and reduce fail harvest problem, which in turns it can contribute to national food resilience. Based on the simulation result, it was known that the BPNN with two hidden layers is able to predict hydro climatological data such as of rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and sunshine data with an average accuracy rate of 95.72% - 96.61%. Meanwhile, validation of predictions obtained an average percentage error of 1.12% with an accuracy of 99.76%. The results of the optimization of the cropping pattern in Lombok in March 2013-February 2014 revealed an accurateness of profit in each district/city in East Lombok, Central Lombok, West Lombok, North Lombok, and Mataram increased 2.02%, 16.88%, 20, 23%, 21.89%, and 5.58%, respectively. Over all, the increasing average was found to be 13.3% from the previous year.
Keywords:	Crop, Rainfall, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), Optimization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	COST EFFECTIVE POLY VERNAM CIPHER WITH CACHE OPTIMIZATION
Author:	SUNDRAM PRABHADEVI, RAHUL DE, PRATIK SHAH
Abstract:	Our digital world provides a means to access mammoths of data and services. Such a huge responsibility and task does not come without disadvantages, the most important of which is security and consistency of data and the maintenance of privacy. The science of cryptology has provided us with many means to minimize this disadvantage. This paper attempts to provide another such means to minimize that disadvantage. In this article we present a symmetric key algorithm targeting to improve the problems related to key stream generation. The security of the keystream generation of the proposed algorithm is based on Rijndael forward s – box which is manifest of closure property. The key is a set of matrices along with a tuple of coordinates, noted during the process of encryption. Cache optimization technique used eliminates the disk I/O and ensures maximum memory utilization. The performance of cache, hence the algorithm is dependent on the processor used. This algorithm is especially applicable to networks where fast and secure encryption is and decryption of data is critical.
Keywords:	Poly Alphabetic, Vernam Cipher, Key Generation, Symmetric Cryptography, Cache Optimization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	RELIABILITY AND INFORMATION SHARING SECURE TRACE-OUT PROTOCOL IN ROUTER BASED NETWORKS
Author:	M HEMA LATHA, P PADMANABHAM, A.GOVARDHAN
Abstract:	Dependency upon Communication adaptability to a wide range and digitalization of network adds a number of devices in the network. These devices operate throughout every corner of the world as well as different purposes. Huge data transmission, easy to access and time saving are the applications that are attracting the users to have a digitized communication system. Wireless communication systems consist of a number of routers and links. Processing speed, link failure, control of one router over another router as well extended delay causing huge problems in transmission. Considering some of the physical data available and sharing the useful information to the other routers as well as maintaining a suitable protocol to detect the type of failure gives the work culture of this paper. This paper enhances the methodology through less use of bandwidth for error or attack checking. The error is detected as soon as possible on the network. The work load of error checking is distributed among a number of devices.
Keywords:	Information, Bandwidth, Trace, Routers, Error
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AN ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	V.CHANDRASEKARAN, Dr.A.SHANMUGAM
Abstract:	Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained increasing importance in a variety of military and civilian applications. The most important issue faced in all wireless sensor networks is its energy consumption. Innovative techniques that improve energy efficiency to prolong the network lifetime are highly required. Clustering is an effective topology control approach in wireless sensor networks, which can increase network scalability and lifetime. In this paper, we propose a novel energy efficient clustering approach (E2C) for single-hop wireless sensor networks, which better suits the periodical data gathering applications. E2C is a clustering technique in which the network is partitioned into a group of cluster regions with one cluster head in each cluster region.E2C uses a new method of election of cluster heads and clusters formation. The finest value of competition range produces a good distribution of cluster heads. Further in the cluster formation phase, plain nodes join clusters not only taking into account its intra-cluster communication cost, but also considering cluster heads cost of communication to the BS. Simulation results show that E2C prolongs the network lifetime significantly against the other clustering protocols such as LEACH, HEED and EECS.
Keywords:	Wireless Sensor Networks, Cluster Region, Cluster heads, Energy Efficiency
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	SEMANTIC-BASED MEDICAL RECORDS RETRIEVAL VIA MEDICAL-CONTEXT AWARE QUERY EXPANSION AND RANKING
Author:	NURFADHLINA MOHD SHAREF, HIZMAWATI MADZIN
Abstract:	Efficient retrieval of medical records involves contextual understanding of both the query and the records contents. This will enhance the searching effectiveness beyond merely keyword matching and is assisted by analyzing its semantics notion such as by the utilization of the MeSH thesaurus. The query is annotated and expanded by information from the deep medical contextual understanding. This is because typically medical records contain medical terminologies which may not be included in the user query but is important for accurate search hit. Besides, the terminologies have synonyms which should be utilized for richer and expanded query. The main contribution of the paper is the semantic-based retrieval technique by utilizing context-aware query expansion and search ranking method. Medical domain is chosen as a proof of concept and a medical record retrieval application was developed. The source of medical records are obtained from the ImageCLEF 2010 dataset which also houses a series of evaluation campaign such as photo annotation, robot vision and Wikipedia retrieval. This paper addresses the following problems: (i) semantic-based query expansion technique which increase the content awareness ability, (ii) MeSH-manipulated indexer which entails medical terminologies and their synonym, (iii) adoption of extended Boolean matching to measure similarity between query and documents, and (iv) ranking method which prioritizes matched expanded query size. The results were measured using precision, recall and mean average precision (MAP) score. Comparing against other approaches, our method has several achievements including; (i) more efficient access of MeSH thesaurus through the manipulated indexer compared to its original form; (ii) enrichment of query expansion using synonym term can improve mean average precision (MAP) value as opposed to standard query expansion; (iii) our comprehensive ranking method achieved high recall. According to MAP score we are in the top five run system amongst submitted run systems in ImageCLEF2010 medical task.
Keywords:	Clinical Record Retrieval, Semantic, Query Expansion, Ranking Method
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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Title:	TOPOLOGY BASED ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR VANET AND THEIR COMPARISON WITH MANET
Author:	KASHIF NASEER QURESHI, ABDUL HANAN ABDULLAH
Abstract:	The development in technologies the mobile networks has been rapidly change, especially Mobile Ad-hoc and Vehicular Ad-Hoc networks. Due to nature of the fields, the mobile sensor network replaced the fixed sensor network. In these fields, the topology dynamically changes time by time due to speed and congested environment because of this routing is a crucial and challenging issue. For routing a variety of new routing protocols have been developed. In mobile Ad-hoc networks and Vehicular Ad-Hoc networks the routing protocols are divided into different categorize. They based on topology, position, and network. We discuss the topology based efficient routing protocols and some shed on pros and cons and characteristics and types of these protocols. Moreover, we compare the protocols performance and nature of work.
Keywords:	Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET), Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANET), Topology, Proactive, reactive, Hybrid
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology December 2013 -- Vol. 58. No. 3 -- 2013
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