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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
September 2013 | Vol. 55 No.1

Title:	A TECHNIQUE FOR TUMOR REGION IDENTIFICATION USING CELLULAR NEURAL NETWORK
Author:	M.DURAISAMY, Dr.S.DURAISAMY
Abstract:	In recent times, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has turn into a competent appliance for clinical diagnoses and research. For the recognition of different diseases through segmentation methods, this MRI has become an extremely useful medical modality. We have presented an effectual CNN based segmentation technique with lung and brain MRI images in this manuscript. This move towards the target with the aid of the following major steps, which includes, 1) Pre-processing of the brain and lung images, 2) Segmentation using cellular neural network. At first, the MRI image is pre-processed to make it fit for segmentation. At this point, in the pre-processing step, image de-noising is made using the linear smoothing filters, such as Gaussian Filter. After that, the pre-processed image is segmented according to our proposed technique, CNN-based image segmentation. We have developed a hybrid optimization algorithm (ABC+PSO) to design a template in cellular neural network. At last, the different MRI images (brain and lung) are given to the proposed approach to assess the performance of the proposed approach in segmentation process. Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and K-means classification accompanies the Comparative analysis. The accuracy of proposed segmentation approach produces healthier results (93.9% for lung and 96.4% for brain images) according to the comparative analysis, than that of existing Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and K-means classification.
Keywords:	Brain And Lung MRI Image, Cellular Neural Network, Template Design, Gaussian Filter, Employed Bee, Onlooker Bee, Scout Bee
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	STATE FEEDBACK CONTROLLER AND OBSERVER DESIGN FOR TCP NETWORK WITH CONSIDERATION OF UDP FLOW
Author:	NOUREDDINE EL ALAMI, RACHID ELLAIA, KHALID LEFROUNI
Abstract:	In this paper we consider the phenomenon of congestion of a router in a communication network, initially, we propose a model of TCP based on the fluid flux model and, secondly, we propose a synthesis of an observer and state feedback to stabilize the system. In this study we have taken into account both the time variant delay and the perturbations due to UDP flow. Such traffic control will be implemented by a mechanism of Active Queue Management (AQM), located at the router.
Keywords:	Delay-Dependent Stability, Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), AQM, TCP network, Stabilization, Time-Delay Systems
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	A SEMANTIC APPROACH TO ANNOTATION OF LEARNING OBJECTS
Author:	E.A.VIMAL, Dr S..CHANDRAMATHI
Abstract:	The primary motto of this paper is to design and develop the semantic annotation model for e-learning document and to find the presence of the concepts in the document. The awareness of the semantic web needs the widespread availability of semantic annotations for the obtainable and new documents on the web. Semantic annotations are to label ontology class instance data and plot it into ontology classes. Here, we are first applying the stop word removal technique and considering other contents of the documents to create the concept matrix and also we are considering the index terms to create a separate concept matrix. The concept matrix which are developed using the contents and the index terms are then combined to find the level of the presence of specific concepts in a particular document. This technique is implemented in Java and we have identified the percentage level of the presence of the concepts in the sample documents.
Keywords:	Semantic Annotation, Learning Objects, Concept Matrix, Ontology.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	TASK SCHEDULING ALGORITHM BASED ON HYBRID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
Author:	GOMATHI B, KARTHIKEYAN KRISHNASAMY
Abstract:	Cloud computing environment can offer dynamic and elastic virtual resources to the end users on demand basis. Task scheduling should satisfy the dynamic requirements of users and also need to utilize the virtual resources efficiently in cloud environment, so that task scheduling in cloud is an NP-Complete problem. In this paper, we present a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) based scheduling heuristic to balance the load across the entire system while trying to minimize the makespan of a given task sets. Finally, experimentation results show that hybrid PSO is more effective as compared to using existing simple PSO algorithm.
Keywords:	Task scheduling, Particle Swarm Optimization, Cloud computing, Makespan, Resource Utilization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	A MODEL FOR DEVELOPING ONLINE VERIFICATION AMONG E-COMMERCE CONSUMERS
Author:	SHARFI M. ABBASS, OTHMAN BIN IBRAHIM
Abstract:	This paper aims to increase trust in E-Commerce among consumer-to-consumer (C2C) using the assurance key (AK) and supporting it by using face recognition (FR) technology in online verification (OV). This paper considers the development of our proposed model show in (section 2.1). It reviews previous studies of e-commerce regarding consumers’ trust, and attempts to identify weaknesses and provide better solutions using a facial recognition technique and data encryption between the client and the server for increased security of data traded between them. It also reports the algorithms used for facial recognition and encryption and the use of appropriate e-commerce among C2C. Finally, it evaluates trust models used in similar studies.
Keywords:	E-Commerce , Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) , Assurance Key (AK), Face Recognition (FR), Online Verification (OV)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	USER PREFERENCES AND EXPERT OPINIONS BASED VERTICAL HANDOFF DECISION STRATEGY
Author:	DHANARAJ CHEELU, RAJASEKHARA BABU M., VENKATAKRISHNA P
Abstract:	Handoff decision is the most vital phase in the entire vertical handoff process for mobility management in heterogeneous wireless systems. Picking out the most beneficial network amongst the alternatives is the goal of the handoff decision operation. Multi criterion decision frameworks are few among the effective models for fashioning vertical handoff decision schemes. In this paper, user preferences and expert opinions based strategy is advised with the accompaniment of analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Motivation for the proposed model and also simulation and results are acknowledged examining the vantages of the suggested mechanism.
Keywords:	Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, Vertical Handoff, Analytical Hierarchy Process, User Preferences, Expert Opinions
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	LEAKAGE POWER REDUCTION IN WALLACE TREE MULTIPLIER USING CURRENT COMAPRISON BASED DOMINO LOGIC FULL ADDERS
Author:	R.NAVEEN, K.THANUSHKKODI, C.SARANYA
Abstract:	A lower power current comparison based domino logic 44 Wallace tree multiplier is proposed. Here the multiplier is designed by using low leakage high speed full adders. These full adders uses current comparison based domino logic to achieve low leakage and high speed. The technique which is utilized in this paper is based on comparison of mirrored current of the pull-up network with its worst leakage case current. This technique decreases the parasitic capacitance on the dynamic node, yielding a smaller keeper for wide fan-in gates to implement fast and robust circuits. So that the leakage current and power consumption and delay are reduced. The proposed 44 Wallace tree multiplier using current comparison based domino logic full adders was simulated using Mentor graphics ELDO in the temperature of 27o C, which is operated in 3 GHz shows half of the power reduction when compared to the 4*4 Wallace tree multiplier using standard full adders.
Keywords:	Domino Logic, Wallace Multiplier, Power Dissipation, Full Adder, CMOS Logic
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	DATA CLASSIFICATION BY SAC “SCOUT ANTS FOR CLUSTERING” ALGORITHM
Author:	MOHAMED HAMLICH, MOHAMMED RAMDANI
Abstract:	In this paper, we propose a new learning method for clustering heterogeneous data with continuous class. This method in a first step finds the optimal path between the data using ant colony algorithms. The distance adopted in our optimization method takes into account all types of data. In the second step, instances in the optimal path, are divided into homogeneous groups. A new criterion for the separation of clusters is used; it is based on transition probabilities between the instances. A third step is to find the prototype of each cluster to identify the cluster membership of any new data injected. After applying a clustering algorithm, we want to know whether the cluster structure found is valid or not. To validate our approach, we have applied our method on different types of artificial data and real data from UCI Machine Learning Repository. The results obtained showed an obvious improvement of validation indexes compared to those of ACA, ACOC, k-means and KHM algorithms.
Keywords:	Data clustering, Best path, Cluster prototype, Continuous class.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR MINING PERIODIC TRANSITIONAL PATTERNS IN TRANSACTION DATABASE
Author:	S.SRIDEVI, Dr.S.RAJARAM
Abstract:	Transaction database is used to find frequent itemsets from large datasets along with their associated timestamps. The existing frequent pattern mining algorithms such as Apriori, FP-growth, Partition, Pincer Search do not consider the timestamps associated with the transactions. In real time transactions, without timestamps it is difficult to identify the constantly changing behaviour of the frequent patterns in a transaction database. To overcome the above problem, EP-TP (an Efficient Periodic Transitional Patterns) mining method is introduced in this paper. Transitional patterns are used to discover transi-frequent patterns along with their time stamps in a transaction database. The above patterns include both positive and negative transitional patterns. A pattern is said to be a positive or negative transitional pattern if their frequencies dramatically increase or decrease respectively at some point of time in a transaction database. From the above, the business owners can able to analyze the trend of the pattern(s) over the period(s). This trend is used to find out the nature of the pattern and hence the business owner can able to make the necessary step to improve the performance (or analyze the reason) of the negative pattern. The above pattern is tested with Textile Dataset and its performance was compared with existing algorithm. It is also present the experimental study to verify the usefulness and effectiveness of transitional patterns.
Keywords:	Transaction database, Transitional pattern, Frequent pattern, Periodic pattern, Linear pattern
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	NORMALIZED CROSS-CORRELATION BASED FILTERING PROCESS FOR FACE LOCALIZATION
Author:	GHASSAN MARWAN ABDULFATTAH, MOHAMMAD NAZIR AHMAD
Abstract:	In the real-time face recognition systems, locating faces in the input image should be fast and accurate. `Therefore, the need to introduce a face localization method with less complexity rises. Recently, Template-matching Approach has been used by different researchers to find the region of interest (face location) with different positions, lighting and cluttered backgrounds. However, some matching errors always occur with regard to the appearance of parts of the image as face location because of the variations of image pixels values. In this paper, faster and reliable pre-processing method is proposed to reduce the effects of the noise on image pixels values by applying a filtering process. The result showed an important and significant improvement in localization accuracy or precision compared to using the traditional NCC alone. Since this method was implemented, there has been an eleven percent (11%) increase in accuracy compared to the traditional NCC (80% localization accuracy). In this study, Yale University’s database is used to evaluate the proposed method.
Keywords:	Image Processing, Face Localization, Normalized Cross Correlation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	SPECIFYING CLASS HIERARCHIES IN Z
Author:	YOUNES EL AMRANI
Abstract:	The main target of this research is to provide a formal meta model for object-oriented systems. It provides a formal definition of the object-oriented concepts along with major consistency rules for object-oriented systems. This research is a contribution to the formalization of object-oriented systems. Other existing models fail to define the notion of virtual function and virtual class. In this article both concepts are specified in the proposed model and used to clarify the OO related concepts. To illustrate the expressiveness of the model a formal specification of the MOOD metric suite is provided using the model. The formal definition of the POF metric is successfully defined, providing one of the first Z formal specification for the POF metric thereof.
Keywords:	Formal Language, Z, Metrics, MOOD, Formal Model, Software Engineering, Measurement
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	LEED-LIFETIME ENERGY EFFICIENT DATA ACQUISITION TECHNIQUE FOR AIRCRAFT STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEMS
Author:	P.VIJAYA LAKSHMI,D.SOMASUNDARESWARI,V.DURAISAMY
Abstract:	Implementation of low cost sensor nodes in recent years allows wireless sensor nodes to be applicable for wide range of applications in aircraft control systems. Rapid use of composite materials for aircraft structures, calls for the development of novel methods for aircraft structural health monitoring. Visual inspection of failures due to delamination of layers and cracks developed in metal structures does not prove to be a reliable method for failure detection. However the present scheduled aircraft structure maintenance methods involve a high maintenance cost. To overcome these shortcomings, wireless sensors can be embedded into these composite structures to detect the vibration energy and transmit the same to the central health monitoring unit. For aircraft structural health monitoring the major challenge lies is in the design and implementation of wireless sensor networks to extend the node lifetime by minimizing energy consumption with its limited resources. In this paper we propose a new data acquisition technique that is aimed to maximize both energy efficiency and the lifetime by making use of relay nodes and beacon enabled MAC. An energy efficient route is established between the source and the sink using the relay nodes. Beacon enabled MAC puts all the redundant nodes into sleep mode to save the energy further during data transfer. Through simulation we will show that our technique saves more energy, minimizes packet loss and delay and also increases the reliability of the network by increasing the active time of the relay nodes.
Keywords:	Wireless Sensor Networks, Energy Efficiency, MAC, Aircraft Structural Monitoring, Relay Nodes, Lifetime
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	IMPROVING LINK STABILITY OF MULTICASTING ROUTING PROTOCOL IN MANETS
Author:	ABDULMALEK AL-HEMYARI, MAHAMOD ISMAIL, ROSILAH HASSAN, SABRI SAEED
Abstract:	Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are a set of mobile nodes collected in groups with no fixed infrastructure and self organized. MANETs suffers from many limitations such as scarce resources and unexpected dynamic architectural which makes finding the most stable route to transmit data packets a challenging task. Multicasting is designed to improve the group oriented applications. Several studies proposed multicast routing protocols in MANETs, most of which still lack route stability. In this paper we propose a new algorithm, Long Lifetime Multicast Routing Protocol (LLMRP), based on On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP). The proposed algorithm modifies the route discovery process and data packets multicasting in original ODMRP to discover the most stable route. The main goal of our proposed mechanism is to increase the route lifetime and reduce the need for route maintenance mechanism, to decrease the control overhead and average end-to-end delay.
Keywords:	Stable Route, MANET, Multicast Routing, ODMRP, LLMRP
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	MICROSCOPIC RGB COLOR IMAGES ENHANCEMENT FOR BLOOD CELLS SEGMENTATION IN YCbCr COLOR SPACE FOR K-MEANS CLUSTERING
Author:	NAVEED ABBAS, PROF. Dr DZULKIFLI MOHAMAD
Abstract:	Blood is the main component of human body. Blood is composed of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelets and other artifacts. Blood is considered as the main source of identifying various diseases like Malaria, Anemia, and Leukemia etc. In these diseases the main region of interests are the blood cells. The main focus in these diseases is to carefully check the blood cells because these cells in one way or another are either attacked by the parasites or some disorder in their shapes, sizes and colors. These features of blood cells have fundamental importance in the study, because different disorders result in different diseases. Due to the challenges in the light microscopy the digital images produced are noisy and need proper processing, that the features like size, shape, color and internal features like nucleus its size and color (WBC) of the various blood cells are clearly studied. This work mainly focuses on the enhancement of contrast in the YCbCr color for algorithms like KNN and K-means Clustering as because in the YCbCr color space the enhancement results in different colors for Malarial Parasites, WBCs nucleolus and other artifacts. Hence, it is easy for grouping these regions into different classes. This work is the start of a complete automatically diagnosis of Malaria, Anemia and Leukemia.
Keywords:	Anemia, Malaria, Leukemia, Red Blood Cells (RBC), White Blood Cells (WBC), RGB, YCbCr, K-NN and K-means Clustering
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	SERVICE ORIENTED ONTOLOGY BASED DATA FEDERATION FOR HETEROGENEOUS DATA SOURCES
Author:	HEMA M S, CHANDRAMATHI S
Abstract:	Data integration is inevitable in current distributed heterogeneous database environment. The existing data integration system uses data federation to integrate the distributed data without duplicating the data sources or creating a new integrated data store for analysis and decision support. The contemporary data federation techniques convert the data sources to XML dataset and integrate the data. These systems do not resolve all conflicts efficiently. This paper proposes a layered Service Oriented Ontology based Data federation Architecture [SOOD] and hybrid ontology based data federation methodology over the SOOD architecture. This converts the metadata of data sources into OWL description for constructing global ontology using Local as View [LAV] approach for data federation. In the proposed method global ontology construction process uses the OWL description to resolve all schema level heterogeneities of data sources and guarantees quality data federation. The heterogeneities are classified in to two (schematic and data) and are resolved at two different stages of proposed ontology based data federation methodology. The storage infrastructure of SOOD architecture aids to store and fetch the results swiftly. Experimental results shows that the proposed methodology is relatively efficient than the conventional hybrid ontology based data federation methodology in recall and other quality parameters like response time and reusability. It is observed that the recall of SOOD system is increased by 10% and response time is reduced by 20% than the conventional hybrid ontology system.
Keywords:	Data Federation, Data Integration, Ontology, Resolving Heterogeneity, Service Oriented Computing
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	WEB CLASSIFICATION APPROACH USING REDUCED VECTOR REPRESENTATION MODEL BASED ON HTML TAGS
Author:	ABDELBADIE BELMOUHCINE, ABDELLAH IDRISSI, MOHAMMED BENKHALIFA
Abstract:	Automatic web page classification plays an essential role in information retrieval, web mining and web semantics applications. Web pages have special characteristics (such as HTML tags, hyperlinks, etc.…) that make their classification different from standard text categorization. Thus, when applied to web data, traditional text classifiers do not usually produce promising results. In this paper, we propose an approach which categorizes web pages by exploiting plain text and text contained in HTML tags. Our method operates in two steps. In step 1, we use Support Vector Machine classifier (SVM) to generate, for each target web page (page to classify), reduced vector representation based on plain text and text from HTML tags. In Step 2, we submit this vector representation to Naive Bayes (NB) algorithm to determine the final class for the target page. We conducted our experiments on two large datasets of pages from ODP (Open Directory Project) and WebKB (Web Knowledge Base), which are accidentally discovered to suffer from a lot of missing HTML tags. The results prove that NB classifier, supported by our model and using HTML tags content combined with plain text, (1) performs significantly better than NB classifier using text alone in terms of both Micro-F1 and Macro-F1 measures and even with the presence of missing HTML tags, (2) performs consistently with respect to category distribution and (3) outperforms NB classifier, using text alone, simply with the use of very basic handling techniques of missing HTML tags.
Keywords:	HTML Tags, Naive Bayes, Semantic Web, SVM, Web Mining, Web Page Classification
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	JIAC SYSTEMS AND JADE INTEROPERABILITY
Author:	ABDELLATIF SOKLABI, MOHAMED BAHAJ, JAMAL BAKKAS
Abstract:	In the literature various Mobile Agents Systems (MASs) have been created, but with different proprietary technologies and application programming interfaces. In a heterogeneous network, an agent may need to migrate from one mobile agents system to another. Furthermore, not all the MASs are able to receive foreign agents, because a few of the MASs attempt to realize the FIPA Ontology Agent, and each one adopts a particular point of view of the interoperability problem. As a result, a system of transferring and transformation is needed to permit an agent created in one multi-agent system to continue realizing its tasks on another multi-agent system. Our work was to find an algorithm to transform and transfer mobile agents between JIAC and JADE taking the information contained in a JIAC agent to create its equivalent in JADE and saw to that, by migrating an agent from one of the two systems with its functions, attributes, and its added features, it can operate on another multi-agents system, based on our previous solution to the communication between both JIAC and JADE agents, which takes into consideration the application programming interfaces and the architecture language with which both systems were developed.
Keywords:	Mobile agents, mobile agents system, interoperability, JADE, JIAC
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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Title:	BASIC TOPOLOGIES OF A THREE-PHASE INVERTER (5L) FOR A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM CONTROLLED BY MULTI-CARRIER SPWM
Author:	ABDELAZIZ FRI, RACHID EL BACHTIRI, ABDELAZIZ EL GHZIZA
Abstract:	In this paper, we present a comparative study in the Matlab/Simulink environment between three topologies of three-phase multilevel inverter MLI (five-level). We will consider the Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter (FCMLI), the Neutral Point Clamped Multilevel Inverter (NPCMLI), and the Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (H-bridge MLI). The comparison between these inverters is based on some criteria: the spectral quality of the output voltage, the complexity of the power circuits and the cost of implementation. Each inverter is controlled by the same type of control which is the multi-carrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM). Voltage sources supplying the inverters cells are simulated by a DC voltage representing photovoltaic panels (PV). We have chosen the 5L inverter because it is the most widespread. In literature, there is works dealing on a single topology with several levels, or developing a new topologies, or achieving a sophisticated control dedicated to very specific topologies. This study focuses on a comparison of three topologies bases. These topologies are simpler and easily controlled in an analog or digital manner. This study shows, on the one hand, that the total harmonic distortion (THD) is approximately 32% for NPCMLI and PWM H-Bridge topologies, and it is about 36% for the FCMLI topology. Moreover, the distortion factor (DF) of the FCMLI is smaller (0.94) than the NPCMLI and H-bridge (0.951). In addition, the rays spectrum are concentrated on the switching frequency (2500Hz) for the three topologies. On the other hand, the H-bridge MLI topology has fewer components compared to the others. Our study confirms that the most promising topology for photovoltaic systems is the PWM H-bridge one in view of the spectral quality, the phase shift (2π/3) between voltages, the waveform of the composed output voltage and the cost.
Keywords:	Three-Phase Multilevel Inverters, FCMLI, NPCMLI, H-Bridge MLI, THD, SPWM Multi-Carrier
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology September 2013 -- Vol. 55. No. 1 -- 2013
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