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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
June 2018 | Vol. 96 No.13

Title:	AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGY EVOLUTION: INVESTIGATING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING NON-BITCOINS USERS TO ADOPT BITCOINS AS ONLINE PAYMENT TRANSACTION METHOD
Author:	IBRAHIM ALMARASHDEH
Abstract:	Today, the technological revolution influenced the methods of payment. Most interesting is that our perception towards money is changing, and we are beginning to try forms of money which have not been used or seen previously in history of human such as cryptocurrency or digital currencies. Since the factors influence the adoption of bitcoins still unknown, this study aims to investigate the user’s behavioural intention use bitcoins as a payment method. Based on the literature review, this study used Amos 18 to analyse the collected data from 161 participants. The finding indicate that all research hypotheses were supported except hypothesis measures the effect of security and control on user perceived self-efficacy to use Bitcoins. In term of measuring the user’s intention to adopt bitcoins, the data analysis illustrate that all hypotheses were significantly supported. Among all constructs, the highest effect on user’s intention comes from perceived trust and the lowest affect is transaction processing. This study has contributed to our understanding of current knowledge of user adoption theory in the context of cryptocurrency. Also, based on the sample uses on this study, farther data collection to compare the adoption of current bitcoins users with non-users is need it.
Keywords:	Transaction Processing, Behavioural Intention To Use, Perceived Trust, Self-Efficacy.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	SOFT DECISION DECODING OF LINEAR BLOCK CODES USING MEMETIC ALGORITHMS
Author:	HICHAM BOUZKRAOUI, AHMED AZOUAOUI, YOUSSEF HADI, LAHCEN NIHARMINE
Abstract:	The general problem of soft-decision decoding a linear code is a NP-complete problem. This article introduces a soft-decision decoding algorithm, the first of its kind, based on memetic algorithm. The new approach is applicable to the more general case of linear codes; binary or nonbinary codes and cyclic and noncyclic codes where the only known structure is given by the generator matrix. The proposed algorithm used in each generation, two individuals selected randomly; the uniform crossing that exploits information specific to the communication system; a mutation that simply involves altering one or more genes in an individual and a local search (LS) that makes a descent by glorifying the created individual. The proposed decoder is simulated in an AWGN channel and enhanced through a parameter tuning process. In other side the simulation results generally show that our decoder is more efficient in terms of bit error rate compared to competitors' decoding algorithms. The analytical complexity of the proposed decoder is also presented and compared to other decoders.
Keywords:	Error Correcting Codes, Soft Decision Decoding, Linear Codes, Memetic Algorithms, Metaheuristics
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	MONITORING MEAN SHIFT OF SKEWED DISTRIBUTION USING MODIFIED ONE-STEP M-ESTIMATOR WITH EWMA CONTROL STRUCTURE
Author:	AYU ABDUL RAHMAN, SHARIPAH SOAAD SYED YAHAYA, ABDU MOHAMMED ALI ATTA
Abstract:	A generalized form of Shewhart chart, known as Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) control chart is frequently exercised to monitor small shift in the process mean. Aptly tune, it is claimed to be robust to slight deviation in normality. For that to be successful, the weighting constant (λ) shall be set quite small. However, too small of the value may reduce the effectiveness of the chart in shift detection, a phenomenon known as the inertia effect. Thus, meticulous approach ought to be exerted to tune the traditional EWMA chart under non-normality. Recurrent use of robust control charts is now seen in quality control literature as one of the few solutions to cope with non-normality. In line with this, a novel EWMA control chart was proposed in this paper. The proposed chart was constructed using a highly robust breakdown point location estimator, known as modified one-step M-estimator (MOM). Monte Carlo simulation approach was used to model and evaluate performance of the proposed chart when process data was subjected to non-normality using skewed distributions. Two separate cases were considered: (i) when both mean and standard deviation of the process were known and (ii) when the mean was unknown and estimated from an in-control Phase I sample. While demonstrating a mediocre power to detect shift in the first case, an outcome on simultaneous effect of parameter estimation and non-normality for the proposed chart indicated a reversal. Besides equipped to regulate false alarm rate following an increase in the level of skewness of the distribution, the proposed chart also possessed the best-shift detecting ability in extreme non-normal cases as observed in this paper. This was demonstrated using average run length (ARL) when the underlying distribution of Phase I and Phase II data were matched.
Keywords:	Average Run Length (ARL), EWMA Control Chart, Skewed Distribution, MOM, Robust Process Location.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	HANDWRITTEN ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS RECOGNITION: AN APPROACH BASED ON HOG + SVM
Author:	LAKSHMAN NAIKA R, R DINESH, SANTOSHNAIK
Abstract:	Recognition of hand drawn electronics components has application in academic and research in electronics engineering. In this paper, we propose an approach to recognize hand drawn electronic components using histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) features and subsequently Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used to classify the components. The objective is to recognize the hand drawn electronics components. In order to achieve best recognition, we consider hand drawn scanned images and converted them to bi-level image then applied morphological operation to remove discontinuity. Further, the proposed method extracts features of intensity gradient and direction. We trained ten components with large data set each with 200 samples and tested with tenfold cross validation. To establish the efficacy of the proposed method, we have conducted experiment on large dataset of about 2000 images. From experiments it is revealed that the proposed method has yielded 96.9% recognition rate.
Keywords:	Classifier, Circuits, Hand Written Components, HOG Descriptor
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	RESOURCE-AWARENESS: A STRATEGY FOR RESOURCE OPTIMIZATION AND RELEVANT SERVICE DISCOVERY IN AD-HOC MOBILE CLOUD
Author:	DOMINIC AFURO EGBE, BETHEL MUTANGA MURIMO
Abstract:	The challenges of limitation in devices’ resources and dynamic context is an inherent characteristic of mobile environments. These challenges have strong implication on service discovery efficiency. While service discovery operations may create resource-burden on mobile devices, service-relevance is impacted by changes in device context. Generally, discovery mechanisms aim to discover services relevant to consumers’ requirements hence service-relevance is based on service functionalities. However, due to changing context in mobile environments, service functionalities alone are insufficient to address service-relevance with regards to resource capability. Consequently, discovered services may fail to match the resource capabilities of client devices, leading to resources wastage. Addressing this challenge requires proactive discovery mechanisms that can adapt to context change based on devices’ resource capabilities and service functionalities. In this paper we designed and prototyped an adaptive service discovery mechanism. The mechanism monitors client devices to collect context data used to adapt to changing resource-context before discovering services. This approach recorded high precision and recall rates and reduced processing time, while relative quality of service discovery was significantly enhanced - meaning resource usage in optimized.
Keywords:	Resource-Awareness, Adaptive, Resource-Efficient, Service Discovery, Relevant Services.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT AND ANALYSIS OF SPEAKER INDEPENDENT EMOTION RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING I-VECTORS
Author:	NAGA PADMAJA JAGINI, RAJESWAR RAO. R
Abstract:	Emotion recognition from speech is experiencing different research applications. It is becoming one of the tool for analysis of health condition of the speaker. In this work, the emotions such as anger, fear, happy, neutral are considered for speech emotion algorithm design. A database built by IITKGP is used for emotion recognition. For any recognition, feature extraction and pattern classification are the important tasks. In this work the features considered are Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Pitch chroma, prosodic features are used and i-vectors are used to identify the emotions. in this research work, the database considered for emotion recognition is taken in different combinations such as male training- female testing, male training-male testing, female training- female testing, female training-male testing. In almost all the cases, i-vector method has shown an improvement in recognition accuracy than the method employed principle component analysis.
Keywords:	Emotion Specific, I-Vector, Gaussian Mixture Models, Prosody Features, Spectral Features, PCA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	TARGET SEARCHING IN UNKNOWN ENVIRONMENT OF MULTI-ROBOT SYSTEM USING A HYBRID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Author:	BAHAREH NAKISA, MOHAMMAD NAIM RASTGOO, MOHD ZAKREE AHMAD NAZRI, MD. JAN NORDIN
Abstract:	Target searching in unknown environment using multi-robot search systems has received increasing attention in recent years. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has applied successfully on multi-robot target searching system. However, this algorithm suffer from premature convergence problem and cannot escape from the local optima. It is, therefore, important to have an efficient method to escape from the local optima and create and efficient balance between exploitation and exploration. In this study, we propose a new method based on PSO algorithm (ATREL-PSO) to find the target in unknown environment using multi-robot system within a limited time. This novel algorithm is demonstrated to escape from the local optima and create an efficient balance between exploration and exploitation to reach the target faster. The concept of attraction, repulsion and the combination of repulsion and attraction enhancing the search exploration, and when the robot get closer to the target it should forget the PSO concept and apply the local search method to reach the target faster. Experimental results obtained in a simulated environment show that biological and sociological inspiration could be useful to meet the challenges of robotic applications that can be described as optimization problems.
Keywords:	Swarm Robots, Particle Swarm Optimization, Premature Convergence, Target Searching
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	KEY LOGISTIC TO IMAGE CRYPTOGRAPHY VIA GENERAL SINGULAR VALUES DECOMPOSITION
Author:	MAHER JALAL BURJUS AL-BASHKANI , PROF. DR. ADIL AL- RAMMAHI
Abstract:	Cryptography is one of the most important topics of this era after the introduction of technology into most aspects of life. It was necessary to protect the property of private documents and important files, which we use in its understandable form such as texts, pictures, sounds, folders and other information . The purpose of image cryptography is to maintain the security and confidentiality of information against the process of breaking the image code , as it is a coding application where it encrypts the images want we to keep from tampering with the intruders. This paper deals with the method of general singular value decomposition algorithm with logistic function . To strengthen our algorithm, a key was used during a general singular value decomposition algorithm. First , We generated a key and then used it to encode the selected image via general singular value decomposition algorithm. For testing the powerful of proposed algorithms, many recent related algorithms were studied and compared. All programs had been executed by the MATLAB. The results were very encouraged.
Keywords:	Image Cryptography Via General Singular Values Decomposition With Logistic Function
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	A NOVEL ZERO-ERROR METHOD TO CREATE A SECRET TAG FOR AN IMAGE
Author:	JAMIL AL-AZZEH, BILAL ZAHRAN, ZIAD ALQADI, BELAL AYYOUB, MAZEN ABU-ZAHER
Abstract:	Nowadays, privacy is a demand for every one specially when sending personal information over the internet using social media sites and applications. One way to ensure this privacy is by hiding our personal or secret information inside an image (cover image). Only how knows the hiding process can extract the information from the cover image. To ensure that the cover image must preserve its quality as possible so that no one doubt about it. The process of hiding a text in gray and color image (creating a tag) is used in many important applications. Generally, most methods have been proposed to solve the issue depend on least significant bit (LSB) criteria. LSB methods have a set of negatives and defects in addition to lack of safety of these methods, error ratio between the original image and the text-bearing image ranges from small to large; If the error rate is high, this will lead to distortion in the image which can be observed by the naked eye of the human. Accordingly, to reduce error rate the text message size must be small; the size of the hidden text in the image depends on the size of the image. In this paper, we introduced a novel approach to hide any text independently on the size of cover-image and make the size of the text unrestricted “as it can be larger than the cover-image size”. Our approach provided a high degree of safety with zero error ratio regardless of the size of the text.
Keywords:	LSB, short message, covering image, PSNR, MSE.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	A NOVEL METHOD BASED ON PRIORITY FOR ENHANCEMENT ROUND-ROBIN SCHEDULING ALGORITHM
Author:	AHMED SUBHI ABDALKAFOR, HADEEL MOHAMMED TAHER, KHALID W. AL-ANI
Abstract:	Scheduling of central processing unit is one of the greatest essential operations implemented over operating system (OS). There are many different algorithm used for scheduling but the main one called round-robin(RR) algorithm that achieved by optimum in period shared environment. The feature of RR algorithm is decrease the starvation besides integrates the improvement of priority. In this paper we propose a new optimization for the round- robin algorithm to improvement the CPU scheduling through all task allocated in CPU takes a new priorities depended on lowest value of burst time take highest priority when quantum time have the same value, then rescheduling to give a new priority after compute the burst time of tasks that will be reduce the average waiting time(A.W.T) and turnaround time (T.A.T) compare with standard round- robin algorithm and other related works.
Keywords:	CPU Scheduling, Round Robin, Priority, Waiting Time, Turnaround Time.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF NEURAL NETWORK-BASED WORD ALIGNMENT SELECTION MODEL TRAINED WITH FOURIER DESCRIPTORS
Author:	AMANDYK KARTBAYEV, UALSHER TUKEYEV, SVETLANA SHERYEMETIEVA, ALIYA KALIZHANOVA, BEKTURGAN KALYBEK UULY
Abstract:	This paper presents an approach to word alignment selection by Fourier descriptors that were used together with a neural network for image recognition. Word alignment selection is an important problem of statistical machine translation. The recognition of correct word alignment images is a special case of shape recognition. There are various ways of studying image contours experimentally, and we choose the Fourier method of descriptors, which is proved to be effective and easy to implement. The key implementation options and advantages of the method have been considered. From the given information of the contour and the method of its comparison with the references, an algorithm of word alignment selection has been developed. We also set some threshold conditions for more accurate learning of contours and common patterns.
Keywords:	Word Alignment, Machine Translation, Image Recognition, Fourier Descriptors, Neural Networks.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	ALGORITHM COMPARISON OF NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER AND PROBABILISTIC NEURAL NETWORK FOR WATER AREA CLASSIFICATION OF FISHING VESSEL IN INDONESIA
Author:	MUSTAKIM, ASSAD HIDAYAT, ZULIAR EFENDI, ASZANI, RICE NOVITA, EPLIA TRIWIRA LESTARI
Abstract:	Indonesias maritime area is twice the size of its archipelago, with an area of 5.9 million km2. Based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea (UNCLOS 1982). Indonesia is also the second largest fish producing country in the world with fish catch of 6 million tons in 2014 based on the latest data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The fish catching process requires the role of vessels suited to the existing water conditions, one of which has robust resilience to the state of the Indonesia sea. Thus, it is necessary to study the classification of aquatic types on Indonesian fishing vessels to determine the impact that will occur on the vessel. This research performs classification process using Naïve Bayes Classifier and Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) algorithm. Accuracy result got in Naïve Bayes Classifier algorithm using RapidMiner tool is equal to 48%. While for PNN algorithm, experiment with three different spread values yield an accuracy of 68% for spread value 0.1, 78% accuracy for spread value 0.01 and the last experiment is the value of spread of 0.001 produce 100% accuracy. Therefore, in this study it is known the classification using PNN algorithm is better than Naïve Bayes Classifier.
Keywords:	Accuracy, Perairan, Fishing Vessel, Classification, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Probabilistic Neural Network.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	STATIC MAPPING FOR OPENCL WORKLOADS IN HETEROGENEOUS COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Author:	HENDRA RAHMAWAN, KUSPRIYANTO, YUDI SATRIA GONDOKARYONO
Abstract:	Today, heterogeneous computer systems (HCS) commonly rely on CPU and GPU, for processing elements, and OpenCL, for the programming framework. In an HCS, a workload should execute on its best processor to achieve its best speedup. OpenCL currently entirely lefts the selection for the best-fit processor, termed as workload mapping, to programmers. However, the NP-completeness of the workload mapping task indicates it is not a trivial task to do manually by programmers so that effective computational approaches are necessary. This research proposes a static mapping method for OpenCL workloads that automatically select the best-fit processor for the workloads. The method accepts static features of a workload and utilizes K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm to classify the workload to either CPU or GPU. The static features are collected using LLVM/Clang compiler framework. To increase the accuracy of classification while keep maintaining the physical meaning of features, the features are reduced using feature selection approaches. Two feature selection models, filter model and wrapper model, are used in this research. This approach was evaluated using k-fold cross-validation against 18 OpenCL kernels obtained from standard benchmark packages. According to the evaluation results, the workload mapping accuracy was in the range of 93% to 97% indicating the method is well applicable in the HC environment with two processors. Floating-point operations and vector-integer operations, or floating-point operations and vector-global memory access are the combinations of features that a have significant contribution to the classification of workloads. The main contribution of the method in this research, compared to previous related research, lies in its capability to state features that are significant in the classification process.
Keywords:	Heterogeneous Computing, Workload Mapping, OpenCL, K-Nearest Neighbor, GPU
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	OPENFLOW SWITCH SOFTWARE-BASED PERFORMANCE TEST ON ITS IMPLEMENTATION ON CAMPUS NETWORK
Author:	RIKIE KARTADIE, FAHRUR ROZI, EMA UTAMI
Abstract:	OpenFlow experiments are conducted by researchers often used hardware/OpenFlow Switch issued by vendors. Actually, the performance of OpenFlow switch software-based (starting while switching software-based) was only tested on a laboratory scale. The problem to be raised in this research can be stated some problems as follows. How is OpenFlow software-based OpenWRT software performance when implemented into the Software-Defined Network (SDN) infrastructure on campus and is there a significant difference between mininet switch and prototype. In this study showed that the performance of which was owned by the OpenFlow switch-base software and can be implemented on campus. Testing OpenWRT OpenFlow software-based switching performance on campus implementation provides the resulting prototype latency value fluctuated quite diverse compared mininet with gap is 2.3361 msec, the average value of TCP and the absolute data gap and prototypes is 10.2114 KByte/second, and the average UDP value and the value of the data gap absolute mininet and prototypes is 151.419 KByte / second. Mininet switches compared to prototype switches do not give significant difference, so it can be said prototype successfully produced and can be implemented on campus network.
Keywords:	Implementation, OpenFlow, OpenFlow Switch, Performance, Software-Defined Network
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	GRAPHIC DIGITAL TECHNIQUES IN THE FINE ARTS DESIGN AND PROCESSING
Author:	KHALID FAKHIR ABDULLAH DARRAJI
Abstract:	Computerized graphics processing techniques cannot just resolve the difficulty of customary painting simulation in the art, but have more gains in the teaching of art features and task to the art stylishness and morphology of the massive modifications and save monetary, manpower and substantial resources and time. Image processing tools may attract new expertise of contemporary art in the most significant manner. Consequently, computerized techniques are customary art conception of computerized design tool for the expansion tendency of fine art images. This paper at first surveys the used techniques regarding graphic fine art image processing including design, manipulation and artist photo detection . Then, a practical face recognition based on eigenface, LABP and database for artist photo has been suggested to record all well-known artist information in museums and art centers. The suggested face detection has been compared with other testified researches in the literature.
Keywords:	Computerized graphic Processing, Fine Arts, Artist face recognition
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	MAPPING SPORTS TOURISM IN BULELENG-BALI USING GOAL-ORIENTED EVALUATION MODEL BASED ON SAW
Author:	I KETUT SUDIANA, WARDANI RAHAYU, NYOMAN SANTIYADNYA, NI NYOMAN PARMITHI, I WAYAN EKA MAHENDRA, DEWA GEDE HENDRA DIVAYANA
Abstract:	The main purpose of this study was finding the calculation process to determine the mapping of tourism object in Buleleng Regency which is potential to be sports tourism by using goal-oriented evaluation model based on SAW method. This study used two approaches namely qualitative approach to determine tourism objects in Buleleng Regency which are potential to be sports tourism, and evaluative approach to determine high potential tourism object to be sports tourism and mapping the tourism objects based on the highest and lowest potential places to be sports tourism. Subjects of this study were people who had micro business in sports tourism in three districts of Buleleng Regency. The technique of collecting data in the study used observation, documentation, interview, and questionnaires. The data analysis techniques of this study were qualitative descriptive to analyze data of identification result about tourism objects in Buleleng Regency which are potential to be sports tourism, and quantitative descriptive to analyze data of calculation result of SAW method for mapping and to determine the most dominant tourism object to be sports tourism. The finding of this study produced a map of tourism object in Buleleng Regency started from the highest to the lowest potential place, of which finally Lovina was considered as the most dominant or the highest potential tourism object to be sports tourism in Buleleng Regency.
Keywords:	Mapping, Sports Tourism, Goal-Oriented Evaluation Model, SAW
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	A PREFERENCE-BASED GRADE RECOMMENDER TOWARDS THE ATTAINMENT OF A TARGET GRADE POINT AVERAGE (GPA)
Author:	AZUBUIKE EZENWOKE, OFURE AIGBEFO, ADELLET SARKIS, JONATHAN ODUKOYA
Abstract:	A number of GPA calculators exist to automate the calculations of GPA, and it is used by college students to anticipate the amount of study required to accomplish a desired academic target. However, many of these apps do not sufficiently satisfy the user experience realities of the academic aspect of college life because they require excessive user inputs; grades combination that approximates their target GPA is known through a painstaking series of trials; they do not consider user’s subject preference in recommending grades. A model of a grade recommender towards the attainment of a target GPA based on a self-efficacy reports and mathematical optimization is proposed. A prototype was developed as a proof of concept and its viability was demonstrated using three illustrative scenarios. The algorithm assigns lower grades to courses with low subject preference, and upper grades are allotted to courses with higher self-efficacy evaluation towards the attainment of a target GPA. An integration of the full implementation of the proposed model into a student information system will serve as a very useful resource to help college student achieve their academic goals.
Keywords:	GPA, Academic Achievement, Recommender Systems, Optimization-based Recommendation, Self-efficacy
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	TESTCASE PRIORITIZATION WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON AUTOMATION TESTING USING HYBRID FRAMEWORK
Author:	KONERU SRINIVAS, DR. MOHAMMED ISMAIL.B
Abstract:	Testing of the software application is done simultaneously during the software development process, so that defects or errors could be detected at an early stage and any changes made, do not have an adverse effect on the system. Test suite with a different set of test cases is added as a result it keeps growing to a large size. Keeping in mind the resource and time constraints, it is important, implementing test case prioritization, so that core test cases or scripts are executed which are mostly required by the user along with the functionalities or modules that are prone to more bugs. Prioritization techniques will help scheduling test cases for execution, so that faults could be detected at an early stage.
Keywords:	Prioritization Techniques, Automated Tests for Prioritization, Order of Prioritization, Calculating Test Priorities, Categorization of Test Cases, Hybrid framework
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	A NOVEL HYBRID APPROACH FOR FEATURE EXTRACTION IN MALAYALAM HANDWRITTEN CHARACTER RECOGNITION
Author:	AJAY JAMES, SUJALA K, CHANDRAN SARAVANAN
Abstract:	Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is defined as the process of segregating textual scripts from a scanned document. To develop a digitally empowered society, information is made available in digital form. The OCR software assists in digitization of documents in different languages. Many researches are working on digitization of documents particularly to develop effective and error free character recognition models. To develop a digitally empowered society, information should be made digitally available. There arises the need for an OCR software in different languages. Malayalam handwritten character recognition precision is still inhibited around 90% due to the confrontations in Malayalam character set. The omnipresence of two different scripts old and new script, huge character set, ubiquity of similar shaped characters makes Malayalam handwritten character recognition more difficult. Feature extraction for each language may vary depending on various characteristics of the language. By observing the shape patterns in each language, different novel methods are developed to extract features and also to recognize the same. In this research, a novel hybrid approach is proposed which uses a combination of statistical and structural features (SSF). The statistical features are those derived from the statistical dissipating of pixels. Structural features are based on the topological and geometrical properties of the character. This study gives insight to the fact that combination of statistical and structural features gives more accuracy in Malayalam character recognition.
Keywords:	Optical Character Recognition, Binarization, Feature Extraction, Classification, Machine Recognition, Decision Tree.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	FUZZY MECHANISM FOR GAUSSIAN NOISE REDUCTION FOR SATELLITE IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
Author:	Mrs.S.MAHESHWARI, Dr.P.KRISHNAPRIYA
Abstract:	Noise removal or noise reduction is one of the thrust research dimensions in the field of image processing, computer vision and pattern recognition. This paper envisages fuzzy mechanism towards gaussian noise reduction for satellite image processing. The membership functions generated using image histogram is considered. Then noise removal is carried out by fuzzy technique followed up with pixel classification, restoration and filtering. Images are taken from multispectral datasets from Quickbird, Geoeye, SPOT and IKONOS satellite. Performance metrics such as ERGAS, QAVE, RASE, SAM, FCC, PSNR, MSSIM and RMSE are taken and the results shows that the proposed mechanism outperforms than that of the existing methods.
Keywords:	Satellite Image, Noise Removal, Pixel Classification, Restoration, Filtering, Image Dataset.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	FUNDING MODEL FOR PORT INFORMATION SYSTEM CYBER SECURITY FACILITIES WITH INCOMPLETE HACKER INFORMATION AVAILABLE
Author:	LAKHNO V., MALYUKOV V. PARKHUTS L., BURIACHOK V., SATZHANOV B., TABYLOV A.
Abstract:	Article describes the model developed for the module of port information system cyber security facilities funding decision making support system. The model is based on multistage game theory toolkit. The solution offered allows an opportunity for managers of information safety systems, particularly port information systems and technologies, to carry out preliminary assessment of financial strategies for development of effective cyber safety systems. The distinctive feature of the model is the assumption that the defending party does not have full information on the financing strategies of the attacking party and on the state of its financial resources used to break cyber security barriers of the port information system. The solution employs mathematical apparatus of bilinear turn-based multistage quality game with several terminal surfaces. A multiple-option simulation experiment was carried out to ensure validity of the model. The results of the experiment will also be described herein. Thus, in the article at the first time, decision of the game was shown for all cases of the correlation of game parameters for the protection side of the port information system (PIS) and hackers seeking to overcome the boundaries of cybersecurity. The solution found in the article will be useful for the created decision support system, in particular, for the situation when the attacker uses a mixed financial strategy of hacking the information system.
Keywords:	Cyber Security, Port Information System, Game Theory, Decision Making Support System, Financial Strategy Selection.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	THE OPTIMIZATION OF COMPUTE RESOURCES SCHEDULING IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Author:	GIBET TANI HICHAM, EL AMRANI CHAKER, ELAACHAK LOTFI
Abstract:	Compute resources scheduling is an essential aspect of any computing paradigm and it becomes a decisive feature for cloud computing model given the new service delivery model proposed by this innovative computing technology. To the extent of our knowledge, one of the most used scheduling algorithms, up to this moment, is Round Robin scheduling considering its time-shared design, which assigns a time slice (time quantum) to each task or job scheduled for execution on the Core Processing Unit (CPU). Mostly, all computer platforms using Round Robin scheduling, comprised the ones used on Cloud Computing environments, adopts a fixed value for time quantum that usually causes processor thrashing. In this paper, a new compute resources scheduling algorithm is proposed, in which it uses the Round Robin time-shared design with a dynamic time quantum extracted from scheduled tasks characteristics. Moreover, Artificial Neural Networks capabilities of prediction and classification are used in order to automatically select the finest time quantum calculation method that would optimize the average waiting and turnaround time of the compute resources scheduler intended for cloud computing environments. Additionally, a comparison of the proposed algorithm with the First Come First Served and the simple Round Robin algorithms is discussed in order to highlight the significance of our proposed method.
Keywords:	Cloud Computing, Task Scheduling, Neural Networks, Multilayer Perceptron, Round Robin
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	TEST CASE SELECTION FOR PENETRATION TESTING IN MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING APPLICATIONS: A PROPOSED TECHNIQUE
Author:	AHMAD SALAH AL-AHMAD, HASAN KAHTAN
Abstract:	The extensive use of mobile applications in terms of user’s number and size of diverse data has introduced additional security threats which make uncovering these vulnerabilities complex for testers. Testers use certain types of software security testing to detect software vulnerabilities, particularly penetration testing. Test case selection is an essential phase of penetration testing, especially when testing complex and large applications. Multiple techniques have been proposed for selecting test cases to be used in penetration testing. In general, the majority of such techniques select a set of test cases that cover the designated paths and fit well with the user requirements. This study reviews existing techniques and models that are used for test case selection. Methods, strengths and weaknesses are the main factors that are presented in this study. This study shows that offloading, that is, the technology used in mobile cloud computing applications, has been disregarded by existing techniques and models for test case selection. Therefore, this study proposes an enhanced test case selection technique for penetration testing. This proposed technique considers offloading parameters when selecting test cases to improve coverage paths and reflect user preferences in terms of cloud and mobile priority percentages. Moreover, test cases for both mobile and cloud in the mobile cloud computing applications are considered to be selected in list of test cases to be executed. Besides, user preferences feature is provided in the selection process to reflect the importance of each parties, cloud and mobile sides of the application under test. The proposed technique will improve the security of mobile cloud computing applications by exposing the possible vulnerabilities from both mobile and cloud sides application.
Keywords:	Penetration Testing, Test Case Selection, Offloading, Path Coverage
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	THE IMPACT OF FACILITY, SOCIAL MEDIA AND LEARNING MATERIAL ON STUDENT ENGAGEMENT MASTER IN TECHNOLOGY ONLINE STUDENT IN INDONESIA
Author:	LINDA W, SFENRIANTO
Abstract:	The importance of knowing the factors that affect Student Engagement is required in Online Learning in Indonesia because if the Online Master Student has a good Student Engagement in the place where they study it will create a successful study in line with expectations, have a good student engagement is mean student can enjoy study in they place. Factors that can improve the Student Engagement of Online Master Learning students can come from the facilities provided in the Learning Management System, the material provided and also comes from Social Media that can not be separated from the people of today. Some problems are found in a student who does not achieve a GPA that has been established Online Learning providers and the level of student satisfaction with LMS is lacking. So this study aims to determine the influence of factors related to Student Engagement Online Learning students that can be improved by Online Learning in Indonesia, so as to improve the condition of the problems that occur.
Keywords:	Online Learning, Student Engagement, Learning Management System, Social Media
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	INTEGRATING FACE RECOGNITION ALGORITHMS WITH TYPING SPEED FOR WEBSITE AUTHENTICATION
Author:	MOHAMAD AMIR DLIWATI, DR. MUHAMMAD MAZEN ALMUSTAFA
Abstract:	Website authentication has started and developed in 1995. When people started to use the internet for shopping, sending emails, managing account, etc... Internet plays a basic role in every in life's domain people use it in different ways. Meanwhile the usage of the internet was monopolized for the educated people and the industrialists whom used it to send emails or to do researches that support their own queries. Developing the applications and the projects that depend on the internet went simultaneously with the development of hacking tools and the different ways of stealing accounts, credit cards' number and users' confidential information, unfortunately, these thefts led to many problems and risks. The statistical analysis shows more than 3.5 million victim of hacking each year in the United states, alone. Website authentication is an important thing to protect the important information for internet users who use a web server to reach/access the information and the sources; it also offers a secure background, which could be trusted while dealing with these sites. Authentication is the first step of protecting data. The objective of this project is to develop a security system which integrates some face detection algorithms that rely on many common classification algorithms combined with fleet password typing to confirm users' legality (authentication) access to websites and related services for the purpose of increasing the security levels of special websites, moneychanger machines and other services which are offered and protected by websites. Recognizing security penetrators by feature extraction took the first place because of the numerical gabs. The password-typing fleetness would has an extensive effect on authenticating amelioration and reduce the unfavorable negatives. By applying this integration, I am seeking to reach future results that provide more assurances about the user if he/she is a penetrator or not in order to generalize his/her photo on the specialized security centers.
Keywords:	Face detection, Feature extraction, Classification Algorithms, Website Authentication.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	TOWARD UNDERSTANDING INDIVIDUALS’ ACCEPTANCE OF INTERNET OF THINGS –BASED SERVICES: DEVELOPING AN INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE THE ACCEPTANCE OF SMART METERS
Author:	GAMAL ABDULNASER ALKAWSI, NORASHIKIN BTE. ALI, ABDULLAH ALGHUSHAMI
Abstract:	The benefits of new technology can only be realized when and if the new technology is widely accepted and used. Understanding the factors that may determine of an individual’s willingness to use new technology is important to improve the success rate of the implementation. The use of a smart meter as an internet-of-things based device is the focus of this study. The smart meter is a power energy saving device that aims to enable consumers to have more control of their energy usage and save money. Apparently, there is still a lack of acceptance of smart meter services among consumers. This study proposed a conceptual model using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) as its underlying theories. A survey instrument was developed by using existing scales from prior instruments and by creating additional items, which might appear to fit the construct definition. The pilot study was conducted by distributing the survey to 32 users of a smart meter in order to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instruments prior to performance of a full scale survey. The results showed that the reliabilities of all scales in the survey instrument were above the target acceptance level.
Keywords:	IOT, Smart Meters, Technology Acceptance, UTAUT2, Smart Billing
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	HYBRID OF AHP AND TOPSIS FOR LOAN APPROVAL DECISION
Author:	MERI AZMI, YANCE SONATHA, DWINY MEIDELFI, RAHMAT HIDAYAT
Abstract:	Cooperative in Indonesia, has shown positive effect on the community economic growth in general. It is due to its role in providing loan to community, particularly to lower-middle-economic community. However, all through these years, the verification process in approving the loan proposal from its members has been done manually through interview process conducted by the cooperative committee. Then, continued to evaluation in order to decide the eligible members for receiving the loan. As a result, invalid, less qualified, and subjective decisions are often occured. Therefore, changes are required to be made using the decision support system. In this research, a decision support system has been made by using the combination of two methods; AHP and TOPSIS methods. AHP method is taken in order to obtain the priority value (weight) of criteria and sub-criteria used, whereas TOPSIS method is concerned with the character of criteria used in this system. This system applies five critera where each criteria is consisted of sub-criteria. Further, the data is derived from five cooperative members’ data. The result of this system shows that one member is absolutely adequate in receiving the loan, two members are adequate, and another two members are in adequate. This support system merely assists the cooperative committee in making their decision for those members who are eligible getting the loan, where the final decision is absolutely on the decision maker.
Keywords:	AHP, Decision Support System, Hybrid Method, Loan Approval, TOPSIS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	AN ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM CALLS USING J48 AND JRIP FOR MALWARE DETECTION
Author:	FAIZAL M. A, WARUSIA YASSIN, NUR HIDAYAH M. S, SR SELAMAT, RAIHANA SYAHIRAH ABDULLAH
Abstract:	The evolution of malware possesses serious threat ever since the concept of malware took root in the technology industry. The malicious software which is specifically designed to disrupt, damage, or gain authorized access to a computer system has made a lot of researchers try to develop a new and better technique to detect malware but it is still inaccurate in distinguishing the malware activities and ineffective. To solve the problem, this paper proposed the integrated machine learning methods consist of J48 and JRip in detecting the malware accurately. The integrated classifier algorithm applied to examine, classify and generate rules of the pattern and program behaviour of system call information. The outcome then revealed the integrated classifier of J48 and JRip outperforming the other classifier with 100% detection of attack rate.
Keywords:	Malware Detection, System Call, Machine Learning, Classifier, J48 and JRip
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	DETECTION OF ALTERED STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS ON FACEBOOK USERS
Author:	ELEANA JEREZ VILLOTA, SANG GUUN YOO
Abstract:	Technologic advance in the last decades has permitted the development of many applications that avoid the interaction of people with social networks and other smart phones features while they have an altered state of consciousness caused by alcohol consumption. However, none application identifies altered state of consciousness in real time on Facebook users when they share content. Given the lack of research on posting controversial content on Facebook while users have an altered state of consciousness caused by alcohol consumption, this work proposes a solution to prevent users from posting of controversial content on Facebook. Additionally, this work makes an evaluation of the proposed solution through an experiment focused on detecting altered states of consciousness on Facebook users.
Keywords:	Altered States of Consciousness, Facebook, Social Network, Consciousness
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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Title:	A STUDY OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING ALGORITHMS FOR USE IN DETECTION OF USER ACTIVITY PATTERNS
Author:	MAXIM DUNAEV , KONSTANTIN ZAYTSEV1, MIKHAIL TITOV
Abstract:	In the last decade, the significant growth of the volume of analysis data has set the high level of importance of data mining field. This field contains a vast amount of different methods and techniques for knowledge extraction. One of the highly-demanded areas of this field is sequential pattern mining (SPM), which includes many methods for detection of frequent sequential patterns in different types of input ordered data sets. The goal of this work is to compare the efficiency of several types of SPM algorithms, and to identify the most applicable algorithm to deal with data from physical experiments used in scientific analysis tasks (e.g., analysis data from the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, CERN, Switzerland), and to extract association rules from experimental data samples. This paper presents the analysis of 3 types of SPM algorithms - horizontal and vertical, as well as pattern-growth, with the emphasis on algorithms’ performance. There were prepared corresponding test data sets which are specific and typical for analysis tasks in the ATLAS experiment.
Keywords:	Sequences, Sequential Pattern Mining, Frequent Pattern Mining, Items Mining, Searching Patterns, Association Rules, Vertical Format, Horizontal Format, Pattern-Growth
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th July 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 13 -- 2018
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