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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
April 2018 | Vol. 96 No.7

Title:	AN APPROACH FOR FEATURES MATCHING BETWEEN BILATERAL IMAGES OF STEREO VISION SYSTEM APPLIED FOR AUTOMATED HETEROGENEOUS PLATOON
Author:	MOHAMMAD ALFRAHEED
Abstract:	Recently, the stereo vision system (SVS) has been developed in measuring tasks. Using SVS in measuring tasks plays an important role in automated highway system (AHS) because the SVS can be used instead of high cost distance sensors. The AHS is being developed to be run in different environments (i.e. unstructured and dynamic environment) and to form different shapes of platoon (i.e. heterogeneous platoon). In this work, a proposed method has been developed to improve the performance of the SVS in terms of automated heterogeneous platoon. The first stage of improvement has been here introduced by proposing a method for matching the left and right image of SVS (i.e. bilateral image). The significant contribution of the proposed method is to localize the points of interest in matching considering the shape of context assigned to the localized object of interest. The idea behind this development is to localize alternative connected points whenever the back view of the preceding vehicle BVPV (i.e. reference object) is influenced by the environment, including but not limited to sunshine reflection. In order to eliminate the surrounding objects of the BVPV, the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HoG) has been developed by a proposed enhanced procedure. The latter depends on passing a precise knowledge about the position of edges and enhancing the gradient of intensity values. As for feature extraction, the proposed method has been developed to use the smoothed image generated by DoG instead of using the original image. The similarity value between each enhanced blocks is calculated based on the Euclidean Distance. Similarity value of the successful matching is greater than 99% between each enhanced blocks. In comparison with other methods, including SIFT and HoG, the proposed method extracts many corresponding features at different distances (from 3 to 10 meters) for the whole BVPV.
Keywords:	Stereo Vision System, Automated Heterogeneous Platoon, Features Matching
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	RECOGNITION OF MISSING CHILDREN USING FEATURE-BASED METHOD
Author:	RAJIV KUMAR, ARTHANARIEE A. M.
Abstract:	In this research work, a new system has been proposed to tackle the problem of identifying and recognizing missing children. The skin and non-skin part of the original image has been segregated by using binary operation, then, the face area of skin image has been obtained by using morphological operation. Finally, the feature points (mouth, right nostril, left nostril, right eye and left eye) are located on the face image of missing children of later age. The four triangles are formed by taking the combination of feature points (mouth, right nostril, left nostril, right eye and left eye) of the face images of missing children of later age. The ratios of three sides of all the four corresponding triangles of the two face images of missing child of later and early ages have been calculated. The difference between ratios of sides as well as difference between angles of these four corresponding triangles have been calculated. If the difference between ratios of any two sides and difference between the included angles of anyone of the four corresponding triangles is equal to or less than specified threshold value, then these two face images belong to same child, otherwise not. FG-NET aging database are used to analyze the proposed system. The performance of the proposed system has been compared with the existing system. It has been acknowledged that the proposed system is better and more useful to identify and recognize the missing children from age 1 to age 18 years.
Keywords:	Biometric, Feature Points, FG-NET, Geometrical Transformation, Missing Children
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	IMPLEMENTATION OF A PCG SIGNAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IN THE FPGA EMBEDDED PLATFORM
Author:	BOUSSAA MOHAMED, BENRABH MOHAMED, ATOUF ISSAM, ATIBI MOHAMED, BENNIS ABDELLATIF
Abstract:	The medical assistance systems do not cease to evolve from one day to the next, which requires them to be implemented in reliable platforms that are capable of guaranteeing the efficiency and accuracy of these systems. In this perspective, this document describes in detail the hardware implementation of a medical assistance system that can classify PCG phono cardiac signals in two types: normal and abnormal. This system combines two algorithms: an algorithm for the description of the acoustic signal based on discrete wavelets transform and statistical operations, and a classification algorithm based on MLP artificial neural networks. In order to give this system the possibility of being used in real world applications, a hardware implementation was made in the embedded platform FPGA type, this implementation is based on the NIOS II microprocessor and its input-output devices. The results of the hardware implementation of this system have shown that the system is robust, fast and accurate in these decisions.
Keywords:	PCG classification, discrete wavelet transform, artificial neural network, FPGA, NIOS II
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	FAST MULTIFRACTAL EDGE DETECTION USING ANISOTROPIC DIFFUSION
Author:	RAWAN ZAGHLOUL, HAZEM HIARY, MOH’D BELAL AL-ZOUBI
Abstract:	Image edge detection is a core operation in image processing applications. Classical approaches make use of fixed neighborhood detectors, while recent research recommends the incorporation of scale factor in filter design to increase both the accuracy of classifying edge pixels, and to provide more flexibility in retrieving multilevel edge maps. Multifractal approach follows this trend of incorporating the scale in feature analysis, and it is widely used in image analysis and pattern recognition applications. However, very few researches explore the abilities of multifractals in image edge map generation due to its extensive computation time which is a major obstacle in this research area. Herein, we propose AD-MED; a fast multifractal edge detector based on anisotropic diffusion filter. The evaluation of the proposed edge detector was done first qualitatively by visual assessment. Second, quantitatively in terms of both the quality of the results and the execution time. Experimental simulation shows that AD-MED outperforms the well-known multifractal edge detectors in both terms.
Keywords:	Fractals, Multifractal Analysis, Anisotropic Diffusion, Multilevel Edge Detection, Regularization Filters
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	SOFTWARE RELIABILITY PREDICTION IN VARIOUS SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STAGES
Author:	MOHAMMAD IBRAIGHEETH (ABU-AYYASH) , SYED ABDULLAH FADZLI
Abstract:	Software reliability prediction is performed at different stages during software development process to assess if the software meets reliability requirement and avoid any potential software failures. Reliability prediction methods play an important role in guiding software project decision makers to recognizing strategies that can transform project outcomes from failure to success. This paper presents a summary of several recently published reliability prediction methods. The presented approaches are classified into either earlier or later stage. Various techniques for reliability prediction, such as probability, metric based, fuzzy logic, and neural networks are discussed. The theoretical bases of these approaches are explained whereas many of their limitations are identified. General points related to software reliability prediction topics are concluded based on this review.
Keywords:	Software Reliability, Software development stages, Reliability Models, failure prediction, software metrics
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	CLASSIFYING STUDENTS’ ANSWERS USING CLUSTERING ALGORITHMS BASED ON PRINCIPLE COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Author:	ALAA KHALAF HAMOUD
Abstract:	Recently, almost all the academic institutions focus on finding the factors which increase the educational outcomes. Due to its importance in reflecting achievement of the academic organizations, students’ success is a significant goal pursued by all educational institutions and grabbed their wide attention. Different data mining tools and algorithms are implemented and used for increasing students’ academic success and analysing the factor affect the student’s performance. The paper introduces a proposed model for classifying students’ answers using four clustering algorithms (EM, Hierarchical Clustering, Make Density Based and K-Means). PCA is used for attributes selection for two reasons; the first one is to reduce the number of attributes in order to increase the results accuracy, and second reason to find the most relevant attributes which affect on the final class. A comparison is made between clustering algorithms based on specific classification performance to find the optimal one for clustering. The questionnaire consists of 62 questions that cover the most related fields such as health, social activity, relationships and academic performance. Google form and LimeSurevey questionnaire (open source application) are used to build the questionnaire and the total number of students’ answers is 161 answers. The answers of students are collected from two departments (Computer Science and Computer Information Systems) in the college of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Basrah, Iraq. Weka 3.8 tool is used to build and implement the model. The overall model design process can be divided into four stages, the first stage is data pre-processing, and the second one is applying PCA to find the correlated attributes. In the third stage, four proposed clustering algorithms are applied and the final stage the optimal algorithm is selected based on a comparison between algorithms.
Keywords:	Educational Data Mining (EDM), Student’s Answers, Clustering Algorithm, Principles Component Analysis (PCA), Classification, Weka.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION IMPLEMENTATION TO ENSURE DATA SECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING
Author:	MOHAMAD T. SULTAN, KHALED N. YASEN
Abstract:	Cloud computing is an evolving technology paradigm with incredible momentum. While the benefits of cloud computing are clear, it introduces new security challenges. Security issues in cloud computing is shown to be the biggest obstacle that could affects its wide benefits. These security issues become a critical concern when outsourcing sensitive data and business application to a third party. Sensitive information such as medical records, financial records or high impact business data has its own strict and sensitive security requirements for confidentiality, availability to authorized users, and traceability of access. This paper focuses on storing data on the cloud in the encrypted format to avoid data contact from an unauthorized access. The paper introduces the principle of homomorphic encryption and suggests the use of fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme to provide a secure environment for sensitive user data in the cloud. The proposed scheme is secure and practical. And the performance assessment and analysis demonstrate the practice and validity of the proposed technique.
Keywords:	Cloud Computing, Homomorphic Encryption, Cloud Security, Security Threats.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	ALGORITHM FOR ENERGY EFFECIENCY AND LIFETIME OPTIMIZATION IN WIRELESS SMART SENSORS NETWORK
Author:	LAGRAINI HAJAR, CHHIBA MOSTAFA, TABYAOUI ABDELMOUMEN, LASBAHANI ABDELLATIF, BAHRI MOHAMED, KAMAL ADIL, MOUHSEN AHMED
Abstract:	Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wirelessly interconnected network; it has increased massively due to the vast potential of smart wireless sensors to connect the physical globe with the virtual globe. Sensor nodes are used for monitoring and tracking fields they sense many environment conditions such as vibration, temperature, speed and even pollution level and many other such environmental conditions. Thus it's quite common to deploy WSs in hostile environments where there are no electricity sources so SN get powered from its battery and this battery get evacuated with time. However decreasing power energy consumption in WSN is one of the most essential keys to challenge WSN lifespan, hence Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchical routing protocol (LEACH) has been suggested to enhance network lifespan. This protocol is based on clustering technique; each cluster of the network has cluster members CMs and one chief cluster named cluster head CH responsible for routing data to the BS. In this paper, we will present an algorithm based on LEACH to optimize energy efficiency level and improve life time of the WSN, Moreover, a comparison of this algorithm and the pure LEACH is being done. Finally simulation results shows that the proposed protocol beats pure LEACH in terms of network power consumption saving and network lifetime.
Keywords:	WSN, IOT, Clustering, Leach, Wireless Transmission, Power Energy Effeciency
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	MODELING BUSINESS PROCESS AUTOMATION FOR CHECKING CERTIFICATE RETRIEVAL REQUIREMENTS USING SOMA METHOD
Author:	CHRISTINE DEWI, DANNY MANONGGA
Abstract:	Service-Oriented Architectures (SOAs) was founded as an Information and Technology strategy to meet business goals, so it can integrate various existing information systems in an organization especially in educational institutions. However, the main goal of this research is to design and analyze business process automation for checking certificate retrieval requirement using Service Oriented Modeling Architecture (SOMA) in the Faculty of Information and Technology Satya Wacana Christian University Salatiga, as well as confronting the business processes of checking certificate retrieval requirement before and after being integrated. As the result of this research, the benefits will be found from the services that are operating in the checking system of certificate retrieval requirement. At the time when systems were integrated each other, it could help the certificate retrieval management process, so that it can facilitate all related parties involved.
Keywords:	Information System, Integration, SOA, SOMA.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE QUALITY OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM EMPIRICAL TESTING IN THE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
Author:	MEIRYANI
Abstract:	Business process and management support are factors which can improve the quality of information systems. Information systems used as a tool to help the company's daily operations and management in decision making. Integration of the system is indicated by the harmony in the system so as to achieve user satisfaction. Thus, to improve the quality of information systems required business processes, management support that will improve the quality of information systems. This research was conducted at 61 for companies in the State-Owned Enterprises. This study uses an explanatory cross-sectional survey, and testing the data used by Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach to analysis tools Partial Least Square (PLS).The results found in companies in the business processes and management support affecting the information system.
Keywords:	Quality of Information Systems, Business Process, Management Support
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	THE CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ONLINE PLAYERS IN THE INTERNET CAFES OF JABODETABEK, INDONESIA
Author:	DEVIE RAHMAWATI, DEDDY MULYANA, SITI KARLINAH, PURWANTI HADISIWI
Abstract:	This paper argues that many claims about online game addiction are not accurate and that criteria of addiction based on studies conducted in Western countries are not true. Through an ethnographic study based on the theory of Symbolic Interaction observing 152 online players in the neighbouring cities of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi (Jabodetabek) in Java Island, Indonesia, was found that the online players’ gaming behavior are locally and culturally contextualized which differentiate them from the typologies of online game players in the world. The majority of players indicated positive behaviors characterized by organized time management, interaction etiquette, and the presence of sensitivity of individuals within the community of online players.
Keywords:	Online Game, Ethnography, Symbolic Interaction, Labelling, Culture
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING AND ENHANCING ORIENTATION FIELD OF FINGERPRINT IMAGE
Author:	ALAA AHMED ABBOOD, GHAZALI SULONG, AHMED MAJID TAHA, SABINE U.PETERS5
Abstract:	The direction of fingerprint patterns normally changes from one block to another, which makes it necessary to have information about neighbouring blocks to obtain the original shape of the fingerprint patterns. This paper introduced a novel approach for orientation field calculation using an innovative filter formed as Epicycloid window shape. In which estimates the orientation fields of each block in the main space of work, to create true-angle orientation fields. The calculation procedure of the proposed method is executed by first dividing the image into blocks of pixels with size (16x16). Then, Epicycloid shape filter with k=4 is located surrounding the target block to extract some information from its 8 neighbours. Finally, calculate the local gradient for each target block which is values later used to estimate the gradient angle θ for that block. The obtained patterns then grouped together to form four distinct homogenous regions using a region growing technique. The current method was evaluated using the NIST-14 database and showed reliable results on different quality images.
Keywords:	Fingerprint Image Enhancement, Orientation Field Estimations, Epicycloid Window Shape Filter, Region-Growing Technique, Feature Extraction
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	SENTIMENT ANALYSIS USING HYBRID METHOD OF SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND DECISION TREE
Author:	YASSINE AL-AMRANI, MOHAMED LAZAAR, KAMAL EDDINE EL KADIRI
Abstract:	The exploitation of social media (forums, blogs and social networks) has become crucial due to the explosive growth of textual data from these new sources of information. Our work focuses on the sentiment analysis resulting from the messages (SMS, Facebook, Twitter...) using original techniques of search of texts. These messages can be classified as having a positive or negative feeling based on certain aspects in relation to a query based on terms. This paper presents a hybrid approach of Support Vector Machine and Decision Tree. This approach permits to ameliorate the result in terms of accuracy and CPU time.
Keywords:	Sentiment Analysis, Social Media, Classification, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	A NEW APPROACH FOR FEATURES SELECTION BASED ON BINARY SALP SWARM ALGORITHM
Author:	MUNTADHER KHAMEES, ABBAS ALBAKRY, KHALID SHAKER
Abstract:	Metaheuristic techniques become considerably popular in solving feature selection (FS) problems due to their flexibility and ability to avoid the local optimum problem. Features selection is important and essential mean to tackle the classification problems through choosing an optimal features subset according to a certain criterion. FS is used to reduce dimensionality and remove noise from data, these are given rise to speed of learning, simplicity of rules, visualizes the data and predictive accuracy. Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) is a new metaheuristic algorithm that emulates the inbred behaviour of the Salp chain. In this study, a new FS approach applies the native SSA in machine learning domain to select the optimal feature group on the basis of wrapper mode. Subsequently, SSA is hybridised with a mutation operator. Mutation is embedded to act as an internal operator and consequently maintain diversity and improve the exploration ability within the SSA. The performance of SSA with mutation operator (SSAMUT) on 16 datasets from UCI Machine Learning repository is evaluated and compared with that of the native SSA and other related approaches in the literature. Experimental results proved the efficiency of the proposed approaches in solving search space problems. SSAMUT presents the most excellent performance compared with those of other approaches on all datasets.
Keywords:	Metaheuristics, Salp Swarm Algorithm, Feature Selection, Wrapper Model, Mutation Operator
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	EXPERT SYSTEM FOR GREEN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: AN OVERVIEW
Author:	HASSAN M ABDELSALAM , MUHAMMAD NAZRI BORHAN, RIZA ATIQ OK RAHMAT
Abstract:	Several developing nations, there is a relationship between the variables that affect a trip’s duration departure to arrival and the chosen transportation mode. There are a few issues to be considered when reducing travel time to the maximum extent. A trip is considered green if green transportation strategies are followed and green transportation modes are used, such as walking, cycling, or opting for public transport. This paper provides an outline for possible directions of future research. It presents a brief introduction to expert systems, explaining how technology plays a role in the latest approaches to transportation engineering. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the latest outcomes of researches related to the process of engineering, developing, and implementing an expert scheme for a green transportation system. The current expert system does not accommodate the requirements of a green transportation system. Moreover, the paper highlights the necessity to develop an expert system for green transportation. This system enables performance engineers to determine, analyze, and customize information to help relevant parties during decision-making processes. Lastly, a few recommendations are presented for improving the existing expert system in transportation and developing the framework for the expert system for green transportation.
Keywords:	An expert system; green transportation system; alternative transport modes
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	PUBLIC KEY FULLY HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION
Author:	SARAH SHIHAB HAMAD, ALI MAKKI SAGHEER
Abstract:	The meaning of cloud computing is the Information Technology (IT) model for computing, which is consist of all the IT components (software, hardware, services and, networking ) that are needed to enable delivery and development of cloud services through the private network or the internet. In the cloud computing the client put his data on the cloud, and any computations on his stored data will be implemented in the cloud. Intentionally the cloud service provider can access, change or even delete the stored data of the client. To produce the effective services, some of the cloud service providers share the information with third parties. The third party can access to the client private data and modifies on this data to make it beneficial to him. Moreover, providers, untrusted servers, and cloud operators can keep identifying elements of users long after users end the relationship with the services. For these reasons, the security has become the most important thing in cloud computing. The mechanism that protects the privacy of sensitive information is called the encryption. To protect the data that it’s stored on the cloud we must use an encryption system that can perform computations on the encrypted data. The scheme that allows to executing several computations on the encrypted message without decrypting this message is called homomorphic encryption. This paper provides encryption scheme (PKFHE) that can applied it on a cloud computing .The proposed scheme is based on Euler’s theorem, which proved both addition and multiplication operations at the same time on ciphertext without decryption. we compute the time complexity of the encryption and decryption function for the Elgamal, RSA cryptosystems and our proposed PKFHE scheme which, the order of encryption function of all the schemes is O ((log (n))3) and the order of decryption function of Elgamal, RSA cryptosystems is O (log (n)3), while the order of decryption function of PKFHE scheme is O (log (n)2) that mean the proposed PKFHE scheme is faster in the time complexity. Also compared the execution time among the three schemes with five sizes of the messages and used five lengths of a secret key, where we concluded that the execution time of the proposed scheme was slower than the execution time of Elgamal, RSA cryptosystems except in the case of the key 128-bit which, the execution time of RSA was slower than the two others. Also we noticed that the length of the private key was effect on the execution time of the algorithms in which the execution time increased when the length of the private key was increase and finally the security of the schemes is analyzed. The proposed scheme showed a good security for the stored data on the cloud.
Keywords:	Fully Homomorphic Encryption; Public Key Cryptosystem; Homomorphism; Cloud Computing Security.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES IN MONITORING PILGRIMS HEALTH DURING HAJJ: CURRENT STATE, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Author:	SHAH MURTAZA RASHID AL MASUD, ASMIDAR ABU BAKAR, SALMAN YUSSOF
Abstract:	Hajj pilgrimage has been the focus of public health initiatives for centuries because it is one of the biggest and oldest annual mass gatherings in the world. But a little is done to objectively monitor pilgrims’ health during Hajj who has been suffering from infectious and chronic diseases. The main objective of this study is to identify the technological issues in monitoring pilgrims’ health in Hajj environment. We searched and reviewed articles from several scholarly databases along with relevant databases and web portals of the government of Saudi Arabia and World Health Organization (WHO) from the year 2012 to 2017 to identify the technologies and their limitations for pilgrims’ health monitoring during Hajj. We explored the articles by using the search criteria “Hajj” AND “pilgrims’ health monitoring” AND “technology” AND “medicine” OR “tracking” OR “infectious and chronic diseases”. Only 15 research articles out of 134 articles fulfilled the selection criteria. During the study it is found that the common health problems during Hajj are mainly categorized into chronic or non-communicable diseases (62.5%) and infectious or communicable diseases (37.5%). Where, the major health burdens are respiratory disease, heat stroke or heat attack, cardiovascular or heart disease, Gastroentritis infection, diabetes, and influenza with high faver. Literature review reveals that so far four different types of health facilities are proposed by the research community, among which health records and health guidelines are 40%, pilgrims’ tracking to avoid risk is 27%, infectious diseases surveillance or prevention systems 20%, and monitoring of pilgrims’ stress and health condition e.g. pulse and temperature monitoring is about 13%. However, not a single research has shown how to provide real-time health facilities to pilgrims who suffer from various chronic and infectious diseases at Hajj ritual sites. During Hajj it is urgent to ensure immediate healthcare facility and proper mecication in order to secure pilgrims’ lives. Our present study is limited to focus on the perspectives of deploying Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) which requires further investigation considering overcrowded and harsh environment at Hajj ritual sites. In this research, a future direction ensuring pilgrims’ real-time health monitoring and providing adequate medical facilities during Hajj is also depicted.
Keywords:	Hajj, Pilgrims, Technology, Health monitoring, Infectious and Chronic diseases, WBANs
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	SURVEY PAPER: PSEUDO RANDOM NUMBER GENERATORS AND SECURITY TESTS
Author:	OMAR SALHAB, NOUR JWEIHAN, MOHAMMED ABU JODEH, MOHAMMED ABU TAHA, MOUSA FARAJALLAH
Abstract:	Many security applications are based on Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNGs). Random binary numbers constitute a major reliance in many network security algorithms. For example, common cryptosystems require a long dynamic key that should be generated from a short secret key and has the random behavior. Random or pseudorandom inputs are critical requirements in many protocols that need this issue at certain points. A PRNG is a deterministic algorithm generates a sequence of bits simulates the truly random numbers sequence behavior. Each generated number should be independent of the previous or the future numbers, as a result the PRNG become unpredictable. However there are many security and performance tests can be applied on the PRNG sequence to evaluate it. And then measure the power of the PRNG. Therefore not all PRNG are good enough to be used in cryptographic applications. This depends on the kind of application and its data sensitivity. A PRNG that passes these tests can be considered as a secure PRNG. Furthermore, it can be used in many cryptographic applications. In this survey, some missing results are reproduced by our team in order to have the same level of assessment for presented algorithms under the test. Moreover, new test tools are used to evaluate the behavior of the generators and assess the randomness of them. Finally, details discussions of the new tools are considered in order to validate the security level of the proposed generators.
Keywords:	PRNG, Stream Cipher, RC4, Salsa20, NIST Tests
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	THE DEVELOPMENT OF BAHASA INDONESIA CORPORA FOR MACHINE LEARNING MODEL IN COMBATING CYBER BULLYING: A CASE STUDY OF THE INDONESIAN 2017 CAPITAL CITY GOVERNOR ELECTION
Author:	MUHAMMAD IKHWAN JAMBAK, PUTRI SANGGABUANA SETIAWAN
Abstract:	The cyber bullying is considered as a serious problem and it is proven that the impact obtained from cyber bullying is larger than the suppression of physical in traditional bullying. One way to reduce the cyber bullying is doing an earlier detection on it. Therefore, each of uploaded bullying content could be removed by an application of concerned. However, it is not an easy task to do this detection because of several reasons. First of all, the language form of the cyber bullying constructed is usually not in accordance with the formal language structure. As the result, the assessment of content cannot be processed per word individually, but in the contrary, it should include the whole sentence, including the punctuation marks, emoticons, and tagging. In other words, ones cannot rely on the rough/dirty word filtering in combating the cyber bullying, but rather have a tool that understands the bullying context within a sentence. Secondly, every language is different in how it is used in expressing its user mood. Thus, although there are reports on how machine learning successfully used in certain levels in combating cyber bullying in English, it does not mean that it can be used in other languages. In fact, the machine learning algorithm should work on the top of large and structured sets of texts of a certain language that can be stored and processed electronically called corpora. The ultimate goal is to propose a machine learning algorithm for combating cyber bullying in Bahasa Indonesia. Bahasa Indonesia corpora have been developed and will be tested using the existing machine learning algorithms that work in Indonesia, English, and Hindi. The data had been scraped and derived from social media during the 2017 Indonesian capital city governor election.
Keywords:	Machine Learning, Cyber Bullying, Social Media, Corpora, Feature Space Design, Classification
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	EARLY WARNING SYSTEM FOR CERVICAL CANCER DIAGNOSIS USING RIDGE POLYNOMIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND CHAOS OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM
Author:	ROCKY YEFRENES DILLAK, GLORIA CHRISTIANA MANULANGGA, JANSEN LOUDWIK LALANDOS
Abstract:	Cervical cancer is one of the most dangerous cancer among women. Detecting this cancer earlier could prevent the subject from cancer. The aim of this paper is to propose a method that can be used as an early warning system for cervical cancer diagnosis. Thirteen questions about subject sexuality background were used as the significant parameters to determine whether the subject is a suspect of cervical cancer or not. These parameters also were used as the input variable to the classifier. This research hybridized Ridge Polynomial Neural Network with Chaos Optimization Algorithm as classifier. The results of this study showed that the proposed approach reached the sensitivity of 95.56%, specificity of 96.67% and accuracy of 96 %.
Keywords:	Cervical Cancer Diagnosis, Early Warning System, Ridge Polynomial Neural Network, Chaos Optimization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	AN EFFICIENT ONE-LAYER RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORK FOR SOLVING A CLASS OF NONSMOOTH PSEUDOCONVEX OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS
Author:	M. J. EBADI, M. M. HOSSEINI, S. M. KARBASSI
Abstract:	In this paper, an efficient one-layer recurrent neural network model which is differential inclusion-based is proposed for solving nonsmooth pseudoconvex optimization problems subject to linear equality constraints. The optimal solution of the original optimization problem is proven to be equivalent with the equilibrium point of the proposed neural network. In addition, the stability of the proposed neural network in the Lyapunov sense and globally convergence to an optimal solution are proven. Some illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed neural network. In addition, an application for condition number optimization is discussed.
Keywords:	Differential inclusion-based method, Nonsmooth optimization, Recurrent neural network, Lyapunov stability.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE MATERIALS FOR UWB ANTENNA USED FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Author:	K.RAJKAMAL , GOVARDHANI.IMMADI
Abstract:	A CPW fed Micro strip patch antennas of size 25 x 25 x 1.6 mm3 is proposed. The antennas are designed and analysed with different materials like FR4, RT Duroid, Polyester and Fleece. The proposed antenna possess a method to minimize the monopole patch antenna by loading the U strip over the predictable monopole patch antenna to lower the height of the antenna. The ground was vertically extended toward two sides of the single radiator. The antenna is simulated using MOM based CST microwave Studio. The antenna is practically fabricated. Measured results show a good concurrence with simulated results. The operating frequency band is 3-12 GHz (9 GHz) good agreement interms of return loss, Radiation pattern and VSWR. The designed structure is suitable for wireless and as well as biomedical applications[4][16]
Keywords:	Biomedical materials, coplanar wave guide, Micro strip patch antenna, Ultra-wideband
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	THE HOLISTIC VIEW OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) AND BIG DATA ANALYTICS (BDA) TOWARDS DESIGNING STRATEGIC PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK: A CASE STUDY
Author:	MAILASAN A/L JAYAKRISHNAN, ABDUL KARIM BIN MOHAMAD, MOKHTAR BIN MOHD YUSOF
Abstract:	In this research paper, we had approached the contradictory characteristic of holistic perspective in an organization that generated data value on organizational strategic performance by utilizing Business Intelligence (BI) mechanism and Big Data Analytics (BDA) within a conceptual framework and their strategy expansion and execution for strategic performance management. BI and BDA were emphasized due to the significance in empowering organizations for deriving better knowledge inception and decision-making process. Derived knowledge from organizing big data (BD) and utilizing BI together with MIT90s model, McKinsey 7S’s framework and survey findings. These approaches were used as the baseline of information excellence framework for the formulation of BI and BDA towards strategic performance management framework for an organization. This conceptual framework stated the simultaneous BI stages and BDA in strategies adoption via visualizing the organizational performance indicator. The outcome will be a blueprint of a strategic performance management framework for a prototype of such strategic application.
Keywords:	Business Intelligence, Big Data Analytics, MIT90s Framework, McKinsey 7S’s Framework, Information System
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	A NOVEL APPROACH TO MEDICAL IMAGE WATERMARKING FOR TAMPER DETECTION AND RECOVERY OF REGION OF INTEREST USING PREDICTIVE CODING AND HASHING
Author:	K.CHAITANYA, K.GANGADHARA RAO
Abstract:	Telemedicine is an important application based on telecommunication and information technology to provide medical services to the remote patients with the advice of the healthcare professionals. The treatment is planned by analyzing the medical reports like CT scan, MRI scan, X-ray images etc. Hence, transmission of these images over internet needs integrity and security. Medical image watermarking has gained tremendous importance due to its catering needs in diagnosis, treatment planning, and to increase the security, confidentiality and integrity of the medical images. In medical image watermarking, the significant part of the medical image is treated as Region of Interest (ROI) that is important for diagnosis. Hence, it is very important to maintain integrity and transmit the ROI securely. In this paper, predictive coding and hashing technique is applied to ROI region in order to embed in Region of Non-Interest (RONI) to generate watermarked image. The proposed method, effectively extracts the ROI at the receiver side in spite of the tampering and noise added to it. The experimental results of the proposed method on various medical image databases proved to produce robust medical images to tampering. Compared with the existing techniques, the proposed method outperforms with the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) approximately 50dB.
Keywords:	Watermarking, Discrete Cosine Transform, Predictive Coding, Hashing, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
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Title:	A HOP-COUNT AND NODE ENERGY BASED MANET ROUTING PROTOCOL
Author:	NADEEM IQBAL, MOHAMMAD SHAFIE BIN ABD LATIFF, NADIM RANA
Abstract:	Mobile ad hoc network is a self-configuring network in which all participating nodes are mobile and consist of limited channel bandwidth and energy. Mobile devices are battery operated, and energy efficiency is a major issue for battery-operated devices in mobile ad hoc networks. Routing data packets from source to destination is the challenging task in mobile ad hoc networks due to node mobility and dynamic topology change in the network. Link failure or node energy depletion causes re-routing and establishing a new route from the source node to destination node which consumes extra node energy, reduces connectivity of the network and early partition of the network. Energy-related parameters consideration in routing is an important solution to enhance network lifetime. Several better performing routing schemes are presented and implemented for MANETs. Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is one which performs well among similar routing protocols for MANET. AODV route selection base on either lowest hop-count or fresh sequence number. Many enhancements to AODV are proposed, which represents a better performance in comparison with original protocol. However, in a large network different paths to the destination could be found with the same hop-count. When efficiency is deliberated for those paths in quickly data transmission, each path performance varies in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio due to the mobility of the nodes in the network. AODV routing protocol and enhancements suggested by other researchers do not give attention to such cases, and this paper proposes Hop-count and Node Energy based Routing Protocol (HNERP) which uses a multi-function routing strategy that incorporates with hop-count and node energy while making the routing decision. The proposed protocol is simulated by using NS2 and results show that HNERP performs better in term of packet delivery ratio and throughput, moreover it increases network lifetime and reduces end-to-end delay.
Keywords:	Hop-count, Node Energy, Route Selection, Link failure, Network Lifetime
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 15^th April 2018 -- Vol. 96. No. 7 -- 2018
Full Text