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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
September 2015 | Vol. 79 No.1

Title:	IMAGE DUPLICATION AND ROTATION DETECTION METHODS FOR STORAGE UTILIZATION
Author:	TIOH KEAT SOON, ABD SAMAD HASAN BASARI, BURAIRAH HUSSIN
Abstract:	Data storage is growing rapidly without surprise for nowadays. There are several reasons that contribute to it are improper maintained and used including image duplication and inappropriate image. In order to solve the problems above, this paper proposed to enhance face detection (V-J) for inappropriate image and scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) for image duplication method. However, the enhancement of face detection (V-J) method is needed due to limited rotation detection. With the limitation above, this paper proposed simple rotation method to overcome the problem. Besides that, the SIFT method is also limited to the speed performance. In order to overcome the speed performance above, this paper also proposed to reduce the dimension of SIFT so that it increase the speed performance. With the enhancement above show that the proposed resulted better compared to previous researcher’s methods. Hence, the proposed methods above have been proposed as pattern detection algorithms used for storage utilization.
Keywords:	Pattern Detection, Face Detection, Image Duplication
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A REVIEW ON WORMHOLE ATTACKS IN MANET
Author:	MEHDI ENSHAEI , DR. ZURINA BT HANAPI
Abstract:	Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) refers to a multi-hop packet based wireless network consist of number of mobile nodes which be able to communicate and move simultaneously, without using any fixed infrastructure. MANET’S are self organizing networks that can be formed and deformed on the fly. A number of different attacks have been discovered that can be launched against MANETs. Wormhole attack is one such attack that has been recently discovered. Wormhole attack is a very severe and challenging attack because of the fact that it can be launched against any protocol and also due to its ability to be effective in case of encrypted traffic. Enormous amount of work has been done towards the mitigation of wormhole attack and its counter measure. In this paper we have summarize the efforts previously done, our aim here is to provide the researchers a platform where they can find a complete reference to all past work done in regards to the wormhole attack. In the review paper we try to know all the detection techniques and use appropriate one or modify previous related works to have better defense mechanism against wormhole attacks.
Keywords:	Mobile Ad hoc Network, Wormhole Attack, Wormhole Detection Techniques
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW BCH DECODER USED IN DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING - SATELLITE - SECOND GENERATION (DVB-S2)
Author:	EL HABTI EL IDRISSI ANAS, EL GOURI RACHID, AHMED LICHIOUI, HLOU LAAMARI
Abstract:	The Bose, Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem (BCH) codes are being widely used in variety communication and storage systems. In this paper, a simplified algorithm for BCH decoding is proposed in order to reduce the implementation complexity. Error locator polynomial with Peterson algorithm is proposed for both a quick result and very low components instead of the Berlekamp’s algorithm that uses the iterative method. In addition, a modified Chien search block is proposed to reduce the hardware complexity. This algorithm reduces the number of logic gates. Consequently, it reduces the power consumption with a percentage which can achieve 32 % compared to the basic algorithm. We developed the design of the proposed algorithm, we generated and simulated the hardware description language source code using Quartus software tools and finally we implemented the new algorithm of BCH decoder on FPGA card.
Keywords:	FPGA implementation, BCH decoder, add syndromes, iterations, Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite-Second Generation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF LDPC- AND TURBO-CODED OFDM BASED ON DMWCST
Author:	SAMEER A. DAWOOD, F. MALEK, M. S. ANUAR, ABADAL-SALAM T. HUSSAIN
Abstract:	In this paper, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and turbo codes (TCs) are proposed to improve the bit error rate (BER) performance of a new orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system based on discrete multiwavelet critical-sampling transform (DMWCST). The use of channel coding in an OFDM based on the DMWCST (OFDM-DMWCST) system is useful in providing the desired performance at high data rates. The proposed systems have been tested according to different code rates and mapping schemes over additive white Gaussian noise, flat fading, and frequency-selective fading channels. The decoding technique used in the simulation for LDPC codes and TCs was iterative decoding because this method provides maximum efficiency at high iterations. Simulation results reveal that the coded OFDM-DMWCST system achieves large coding gain with low BER. Thus, this system offers a high data rate under wireless communication channels. Furthermore, the LDPC-coded OFDM-DMWCST system performs better than turbo-coded OFDM-DMWCST system.
Keywords:	OFDM, LDPC codes, turbo codes, multiwavelet critical-sampling transform, data rate, wireless channels
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	MEL FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS (MFCC) FEATURE EXTRACTION ENHANCEMENT IN THE APPLICATION OF SPEECH RECOGNITION: A COMPARISON STUDY
Author:	SAYF A. MAJEED, HAFIZAH HUSAIN, SALINA ABDUL SAMAD, TARIQ F. IDBEAA
Abstract:	Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) are the most widely used features in the majority of the speaker and speech recognition applications. Since 1980s, remarkable efforts have been undertaken for the development of these features. Issues such as use suitable spectral estimation methods, design of effective filter banks, and the number of chosen features all play an important role in the performance and robustness of the speech recognition systems. This paper provides an overview of MFCC's enhancement techniques that are applied in speech recognition systems. The details such as accuracy, types of environments, the nature of data, and the number of features are investigated and summarized in the table combined with the corresponding key references. Benefits and drawbacks of these MFCC's enhancement techniques have been discussed. This study will hopefully contribute to raising initiatives towards the enhancement of MFCC in terms of robustness features, high accuracy, and less complexity.
Keywords:	Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC); Feature Extraction; Speech Recognition.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	AN INSIGHT INTO ADAPTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION AND COMPARISON OF ALGORITHMS
Author:	M. L. S. N. S. LAKSHMI, P. MICHAEL PREETAM RAJ, RAKESH TIRUPATHI, P. GOPI KRISHNA, K.V.L. BHAVANI
Abstract:	The principle of adaptive noise cancellation is to acquire an estimation of the unwanted interfering signal and subtract it from the corrupted signal. Adaptive Noise Cancellation technique is an approach for powerful noise cancellation. In this paper the noise cancellation is performed using adaptive noise cancellers using an adaptive finite impulse response (FIR) filter are presented for the estimation of a transfer function of a noisy channel in a communication link. Optimizations of the Least Mean Square (LMS) versions and Normalized LMS (NLMS), Weiner algorithms are also used to adapt the filter coefficients of the estimated transfer functions in order to minimize the effect of background noise effectively & analyzed their performances with respect to their estimation of weights.
Keywords:	Finite Impulse Response Filters (FIR), Infinite Impulse Response Filters (IIR), Least-Mean Square Algorithm (LMS), Normalized Least Mean Square Algorithm (NLMS), WIENER Algorithm
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	NATURAL EXTENSIONS: BAT ALGORITHM WITH MEMORY
Author:	AHMED MAJID TAHA, SOONG-DER CHEN, AIDA MUSTAPHA
Abstract:	Bat Algorithm (BA) has recently started to attract a lot of attention as a powerful search method in various machine learning tasks including feature selection. Feature selection is essentially a dimensionality reduction problem that aims at two key objectives; to shorten the computational time and to improve classification accuracy. This paper attempts to address the issue of high computational time in feature selection by proposing a natural extension to the BA called the Bat Algorithm with Memory (BAM). This algorithm is inspired from observations that natural bats must rely upon spatial memory in navigating familiar spaces with dimensions larger than a few meters due to their limited biosonar operating range. Using the same approach, bats in existing BA is extended with memory capability to enable them to navigate easily over familiar locations. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, a series of experiments were carried out on twelve datasets with different number of objects and attributes. Next, the experimental results were compared with the original version of BA. The results showed that BAM was able to deliver competitive classification accuracy with increased saving time ranging from 28% up to 95%. The results also demonstrated that the time saving was attributed to three characteristics, which are samples number, feature number, and dataset geography. Consequently, BAM is also more efficient with lower number of features and higher number of samples.
Keywords:	Computational Intelligence, Evolutionary Algorithms, Bioinspired Computing, Feature Selection
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	BIOMETRIC BASED INDUSTRIAL MACHINE ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM USING FPGA
Author:	B.MURALI KRISHNA, G.L.MADHUMATI, M.SIVA RAMA GANESH, Y.BHARGAV, V.MOHAN VAMSEE KRISHNA, O.MANOJ KUMAR
Abstract:	Biometrics has become the widely used technology for enhancing security in most of the areas like research centers, organizations, hospitals, industries, home security etc. Biometrics is related to rhythms of human characteristics like face recognition, fingerprints, retina scan, palm prints etc. Authentication of biometrics is used for access control and identification of human presence. In this we propose a new concept called Industrial Machine Access Control System using Finger Print Recognition. To avoid Unauthorized Access Fingerprint Module is interfaced with FPGA. FPGAs are the reprogrammable semiconductor silicon chips with high reliability, less expensive and low power consumption. Xilinx Platform Studio- Embedded Development Kit(EDK) is used for designing FPGA based Industrial Machine Access Control System, Xilinx- Software Development Kit(SDK) is used to develop application program to provide Authorized Machine Access Control and Impact is used to configure the FPGA.
Keywords:	Fingerprint Module, FPGA, Xilinx Platform Studio, EDK, SDK
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	EFFICIENT ROUTING OF LOAD BALANCING IN GRID COMPUTING
Author:	MOHAMMAD H. NADIMI-SHAHRAKI, FARAMARZ SAFI, ELNAZ SHAFIGH FARD
Abstract:	In this decade, grid computing is a well-known solution for applying a large collection of connected heterogeneous systems and sharing various combinations of resources. It creates a simple but large, powerful and self-managing virtual computer, which leads to the problem of load balancing. The main goal of load balancing is to provide a distributed and low cost scheme that balances the load across all the processors. In this paper, a new load balancing algorithm named optimal anti-directed chord is proposed. In this overlay structured network that load information and processes among nodes have been organized for tradeoffs (load balancing), reaching time to a particular process or entity is reduced because of anticlockwise movement. Experimental results show that the proposed method reduces reaching time by 33% in comparison to simple chord and 16% ABC method.
Keywords:	Load Balancing, Grid Computing, Anti-Clockwise-Direction Chord.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	EXTENSION OF PACMAD MODEL FOR USABILITY EVALUATION METRICS USING GOAL QUESTION METRICS (GQM) APPROACH
Author:	ASHRAF SALEH, ROESNITA BINTI ISAMIL, NORASIKIN BINTI FABIL
Abstract:	Usability measurement is tedious work, particularly for current smart mobile devices. With an increasing capacity for greater user interactivity through a range of tasks and in a variety of contexts during time, the importance and impact of mobile device context-of-use components is of particular interest to researchers. PACMAD was introduced as comprehensive usability model for mobile applications to evaluate usability based on usability factor; user, context of use, and task. PACMAD model identified the usability attributes without considering related low level metrics which represents each attribute. Thus, there is a need to be extended to include relative low level metrics in addition to usability attributes. This motivates us to performed comprehensive literature revise to collect studies that evaluate mobile applications in order to find validated usability evaluation metrics based on PACMAD model attributes by applying Goal Question Metrics (GQM).
Keywords:	Usability Evaluation, Usability Metrics, Mobile Usability, GQM, PACMAD
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A NOVEL APPROACH FOR SIMULTANEOUS GENDER AND HINDI VOWEL RECOGNITION USING A MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE-OUTPUT CO-ACTIVE NEURO-FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM
Author:	SACHIN LAKRA , T. V. PRASAD , G. RAMAKRISHNA
Abstract:	Human beings can simultaneously recognize vowels in speech as well as gender of a speaker inspite of high variability. However, machines have not been able to simultaneously overcome both gender variability and vowel variability existing in speech due to gender. This paper uses a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Co-Active Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System to recognize both these patterns in speech simultaneously. The features used as input for the recognition is the pitch and the set of first three formant frequencies extracted from speech samples recorded from 70 Indian speakers, 33 male and 37 female. The individual recognition of either gender or vowel has been achieved at a rate of 68% and 95%, respectively, whereas the simultaneous recognition of both patterns has been attained upto 66% for the training set. Thus, this combined approach is a consolidated single-step novel approach which can replace the two-step method in automatic speech recognition systems where gender recognition is being used as the first step as part of hierarchical decision tree based vowel recognition. This can prove significant in enhancing the performance of an automated speech recognition system by eliminating an additional step.
Keywords:	Formant Frequency, Co-Active Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System, Gender Recognition, Vowel Recognition.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	INDOOR GLOBAL PATH PLANNING BASED ON CRITICAL CELLS USING DIJKSTRA ALGORITHM
Author:	SANI IYAL ABDULKADIR, SYED ABDULLAH FADZLI, AZRUL AMRI JAMAL, MOKHAIRI MAKHTAR, MOHD KHALID AWANG, MUMTAZIMAH MOHAMAD, FATMA SUSILAWATI
Abstract:	Path planning has been implemented in various robotics systems, and the results checked. This paper proposes global path planning based on grids representation in an indoor environment using Dijkstra algorithm. The algorithm uses floor plan of any environment discretized to some equal-sized square grids. Cells that contained doorways, corner, curve and junction are considered as critical cells. These critical cells are used as the vertices to the Dijkstra algorithm, with distances between two successive cells as edges between them, and the shortest path between a set of predefined points within the terrain can then be calculated. Simulations results show that the proposed algorithm enhances performance and speed compared to the traditional Dijkstra’s algorithm.
Keywords:	Global path planning, Grid-based environment, Dijkstra algorithm, Robotics
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	MODEL DRIVEN ARCHITECTURE A REVIEW OF CURRENT LITERATURE
Author:	AHMED MOHAMMED ELSAWI, SHAMSUL SAHIBUDDIN, ROSLINA IBRAHIM
Abstract:	Among different Model Driven Engineering (MDE) approaches, the Object Management Group (OMG) adopted the Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The MDA approach is aiming to automate the software develop process by using models instead of conventional coding and bases on the separation of concern concept. In June 2014, the OMG released the second version of the MDA guide trying to realize the fundamental principles and to support the first MDA guide issued in 2003 with more detailed specifications. A gap of 11 years makes researchers from their own perspective and background come up with different interpretations of the MDA terms. The thing that generates a confusion of what is beyond and what is within the MDA scope. By strictly referring to the MDA standard (not to model-driven engineering in general), we provide in this work a review of the current MDA literature. We also shed the light on the MDA research directions, specifically on the automations of the MDA development process and its targeted platforms.
Keywords:	MDA, MDE, OMG, Model Driven Architecture, Literature Review
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	CHARACTERISTICS OF DUAL-CORE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER BY FD-BPM
Author:	HICHAM CHIKH-BLED, BOUMEDIENE LASRI, MOHAMMED EL-KEBIR CHIKH-BLED
Abstract:	We present results related to the numerical method based on Finite Domain Beam Propagation Method (FD-BPM). It allows to characterize microstructured fibers Air / Silica (FMAS) with a good approximation. We also show how optogeometrical parameters (d: diameter of the holes, Λ: spacing between the air holes) can influence the propagation characteristics for applications in optical networks Telecommunications.
Keywords:	Finite domain beam propagation method (FD-BPM), Modeling, Microstructured fibers Air/Silica (FMAS), Diagrams of dispersion, Couplers, mode coupling.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	MAPPING OF A PLATFORM SPECIFIC MODEL TO A PARTICULAR PLATFORM USING AN EAV DESIGNED PLATFORM MODEL
Author:	AHMED MOHAMMED ELSAWI, SHAMSUL SAHIBUDDIN
Abstract:	The Model Driven Architecture (MDA) aimed to produce applications that support multiple platforms using models instead of the conventional coding with less cost and time. The MDA development process separated to Platform Independent Model (PIM) and Platform Specific Model (PSM). Both, PIM and PSM are standing in different level of abstraction. The PIM focused on the business rules definition with no concern about the platform environment. It is the PSM role to emphasis on the implementation environment of the targeted platform. Although, the PSM models holding some technical implementation details about the targeted platform, but it’s still considered too abstract to be executed in a run-time platform environment. The degree of abstraction can be controlled by the model mapping, given the MDA standard Platform Model (PM). The PM can be described as a platform’s system manual that provides model mapping with a specific technical details required by the targeted run-time environment. In this work we explicitly employed a Platform Model (PM) designed by the Entity-Attribute-Value (EAV) concept to support the model mapping from PSM to Java platform. A case study provided as proof of concept to generate executable Java code that supports desktop and mobile platform.
Keywords:	MDA, PSM, Platform Model, Mapping to Java Platform, EAV
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	AVOIDING BOUNDARY ARTIFACTS IN IMAGE USING DECONVOLUTION TECHNIQUE
Author:	S. MARY IMMACULATE
Abstract:	Deconvolution is the process used to reverse the effects of convolution on image.The concept of deconvolution is popular used in the techniques of signal processing and image processing.It is the process of separation of blurred image from the original image. The objective is to find the original image from the observed blurred image which is degraded by an additive Gaussian noise and blur kernel.The noise from the given input image is found by using Fourier domain deconvolution.We can retain the spatial information of the image using Fourier domain.To remove the artifacts from the image without excessive slow down in computation,iterated shrinkage deconvolution technique used.With these results will be improved in both visual quality and mean square error. In fact, the wiener filter method is used for deconvolution.Its purpose to decrease the amount of blur available in the image by comparison with an estimation of the desired noiseless image.This technique gives proper solution for multiple images by removing artifacts without excessive slow down.This algorithm can computationally be improved by providing very low complexity. To apply the MATLAB edge taper function is to smooth the transition between the opposite sides of the images(part of the Image Processing Toolbox).
Keywords:	Deblurring, Deconvolution, Image Processing, Image Restoration, Iterated Shrinkage Thresholding, Primal-Dual Methods, Sparsity, Wiener Filter.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING & MOBILE’S BATTERY EFFICIENCY APPROACHES: A REVIEW
Author:	MUSHTAQ ALI, JASNI MOHD ZAIN, MOHD FADLI ZOLKIPLI, GRAN BADSHAH
Abstract:	Today, millions of users world¬wide experience pervasive email and Web access through IPhones, Black Berries, Windows Mobile, and other mobile devices (Laptops, PDAs). After information at the fingertip, energy efficiency of these devices is paramount which makes the devices first choice of communication for the new generation. On the other hand, Mobile Devices, especially smartphones has limited resources such as, storage, network bandwidth, processor’s performance and battery life. Moreover multiple sensors and wireless interfaces drain battery swiftly, thus reducing the operational time. Therefore, extending battery life of these devices has become of crucial research importance at hardware and software levels, both alike. This paper provide an overview of the software side by summarizing the background, techniques of battery augmentation, and on-going research on computational offloading to remote servers (Cloud); sending heavy computation to remote servers and receiving the result back on mobile screen. At the end, summary of the previous research work on computational offloading discussed with a critical analysis. Moreover, suggestions and opinions related to energy efficiency of SIDs given, based on the comparative studies.
Keywords:	Mobile Cloud Computing, Mobile Computing, Cloud Computing, Augmentation Techniques, Context-Awareness
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A NOVEL APPROACH TO EFFICIENT EXPLORATION AND MINING OF STUDENTS’ DATA
Author:	ADELEKE RAHEEM AJIBOYE, RUZAINI ABDULLAH ARSHAH, HONGWU QIN
Abstract:	Several undergraduate students most especially the new students do have an unacceptable Grade Point Average (GPA) at the end of their first year. Research has shown that during this period, stress by this set of students sometime responsible for their poor performance as they are faced with many challenges. Having knowledge about their previous academic knowledge can bring about a workable solution to prevent this trend. In this paper, a novel approach that efficiently explores students’ data for the prediction of their performance based on their historical data is proposed. A prediction system is designed in line with the concept of the Unified Modelling Language (UML) and it is implemented using PHP; while MySQL serves as the back-end. The developed model is tested and a more satisfactory result is achieved when compared with similar models emanated from using machine learning techniques. The resulting outputs of this study unveil the academic achievement of each student prior to their first registration in the university. The model developed is also found to be useful for efficient planning and quick decision making that can ensure a sustainable educational growth.
Keywords:	Educational Data Mining, UML, Predictive Model, Student’s Achievement, Data Exploration
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th September 2015 -- Vol. 79. No. 1 -- 2015
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