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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
July 2015 | Vol. 77 No.1

Title:	MODIFICATION OF NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHM USING CONJUGATE GRADIENT WITH ADDITION OF WEIGHT INITIALIZATION
Author:	AZWAR RIZA HABIBI, TRISILOWATI, RATNO BAGUS EDY WIBOWO
Abstract:	This paper develops neural network (NN) method using conjugate gradient (CG) with combination of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). The combination of PSO and GA is used for weight initialization to improve the computational process and minimize the errors. CG method can change every learning rate of neural network, so that the addition of CG can increase the rate of convergence. PSO, by its calculation velocity, can get quickly the solutions and GA act to expand the searching area of PSO solution. This new algorithm is called CN-PSOGA. There are some criterions used to compare the CN-PSOGA algorithms with others, i.e. accuracy degree, number of iterations, and computation time produced by each algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can increase the accuracy of solution approach.
Keywords:	Neural Network, Conjugate Gradient, Particle Swarm Optimization, Genetic Algorithms.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	PROCESS DISCOVERY: A NEW METHOD FITTED TO BIG EVENT LOGS
Author:	SOUHAIL BOUSHABA, MOHAMMAD ISSAM KABBAJ, FATIMA-ZAHRA BELOUADHA, ZOHRA BAKKOURY
Abstract:	Business process discovery is a research field assembling techniques that allow representation of a business process, taking as input an event log where process data are stored. Several advances have been made in process discovery, but as data volume starts to weight considerably, improvement of discovery methods is crucial to follow up. In this paper, we discuss our new method, inspired from image processing techniques. Adapted to voluminous data logs, our method relies on generation of a Petri net using a matrix representation of data. The principal idea behind our approach consists of using several concepts: partial & feature blocks, filters as well as the adaptation of combinatory logic concepts to process mining in the perspective of extracting a business process model from a big event log.
Keywords:	Process Mining, Business Process Management, Process Discovery, Distributed Algorithm
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	ON APPLICATION OF GAUSSIAN KERNEL TO RETINAL BLOOD TRACING
Author:	MOHD ASYRAF ZULKIFLEY, AIN NAZARI, SITI KHADIJAH, ADHI HARMOKO SAPUTRO
Abstract:	Fast disease screening system is becoming very important nowadays as it is useful in minimizing the pain suffered by the patient. Eye is one of the important organs used to screen various diseases such as diabetes, pterygium, glaucoma, stroke and etc. Two popular modalities to capture the visualization information of the eyes are photographed and fundus images. Photographed image captures the exterior appearance of the eyes, while fundus image captures the interior surface of the eye. This study focuses on the fundus image, in which the objective is to extract the retinal blood vessels. Condition of the vessels is a good cue for identifying microaneurysm where a sudden jump in vessels trajectory indicate a blockage in the blood flow. Hence, an edge operator is used to extract the possible lines. Two removal steps, which are outer ring and optic disc removal are performed, so that only the vessels are detected. A filling operation is performed by using gaussian kernel such that areas surrounding existing edges are analyzed to label it as blood vessel or not. The proposed technique is then tested on two databases; DRIVE and STARE. Four performance metrics are calculated based on accuracy, sensitivity, error and specificity where the best results are 0.880, 0.546, 0.120 and 0.912 respectively, obtained based on DRIVE database. The proposed system also works well in STARE database with accuracy of 0.860 and error of 0.140. The system can be further improved by using better detection scheme because the number of false negative is relatively high.
Keywords:	Gaussian Kernel, Fundus Image, Blood Vessel Detection, Optic Disc Removal, Outer Ring Removal
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	STRATEGIC PROFILING FOR BEHAVIOUR VISUALIZATION OF MALICIOUS NODE IN MANETS USING GAME THEORY
Author:	BURHAN UL ISLAM KHAN, RASHIDAH F. OLANREWAJU, ROOHIE NAAZ MIR, ASIFA BABA, BALOGUN WASIU ADEBAYO
Abstract:	In Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET), one of the precarious problems is of identifying the malicious nodes. The identification and later mitigation of the same becomes an immensely difficult task especially when selfish / erroneous nodes exist along with normal collaborative nodes in the Regular camp. The presence of selfish nodes is potentially harmful as similar behaviour can be imitated by malicious nodes which are the point of concern of many security aspects. The paper accentuates the use of game theory and probability theory considering selfish nodes in the regular node camp while modelling the Regular versus Malicious node game and thereby enhancing the prior mathematical schema of strategical decision making to accommodate for the same. The framework effectively represent the various unpredictable actions of node cooperation, node declination, node attacks, as well as node reporting that can model the strategic profiling of various mobile nodes. A significant focus is given on Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE) strategy which forms as the basis of all the result analysis. The enhancement is shown in terms of 63% lesser false positives which favors higher overall network utility (modelled as utility of regular nodes in the game) with selfish / erroneous nodes existing in the network when collating the proposed schema with prior work.
Keywords:	Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET), Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE), Malicious Behaviour, Selfish/Erroneous Behaviour, Security.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	ROBUST MODEL FOR DOA ESTIMATION AND INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION IN MULTI-SIGNALS ENVIRONMENT
Author:	OMAR KHALDOON A., MD. MIJANUR RAHMAN, R. BADLISHAH AHMAD, ZAID G. ALI, L. A. HASSNAWI
Abstract:	Beamforming algorithms are a digital signal processing algorithm which combined with uniform array in the smart antenna technology. Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) is one of these algorithms which produce optimal adaptive complex weight for array’s elements. The overall radiation beam pattern is generated according to this weight for minimizing the radiation power and maintains the main beam in the desired direction with unity gain. The resolution of this method for estimating the signal DOA depends on steering vector, a small mismatch in this vector leads to degradation on MVDR performance. This paper presents a new model for enhancing the resolution of MVDR to estimate signal’s direction based on single Uniform Linear Array (ULA) with two reference elements. DOA covariance matrix is extracted according to these two references’ matrices. Therefore, steering vector is constructed in actual mode with all impinging signals information. The null constraint is added to the proposed MVDR for producing robust weight vector that concern to the interference signals such as the concern to the desired signals.
Keywords:	Beamforming, DOA, MVDR, Smart antenna, Signal estimation, ULA, Null steering
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	IMPLEMENTING ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Author:	KHALID ALZUBI
Abstract:	This case study examines the possibility of implementing the Electronic Documentation System (EDMS) in Al-Balqa' Applied University as managing documents has become an important activity for organizing staff work. Studies show that people who work with information spend forty percent of their time finding, preparing, processing, and filing documents. Computerizing the process has made drastic changes to the efficiency of the services provided.. Accordingly, more institutions have now shifted to the implementation of an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). This study provides a survey of the most important concepts of implementing an EDMS. The study is composed of several distinct groups of 120 employee selected randomly on four level. The tools of the study include questionnaire survey, and interview with the output gathered into an SPSS and Excel sheet for examination. After analyzing the overall case our findings show that the implementation need a strategic decision that must be made by the upper -chain management to effect a change in the work inside the Al-Balqa' Applied University that may include a reengineering process for some sector. Human Resources staff in the Al-Balqa' Applied University welcome the new technology as the information technology infrastructure in the Al-Balqa’ Applied University was felt to be in need of more development.
Keywords:	Al-Balqa' Applied University, Document, EDMS, Implementation.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	CONTRASTIVE SUMMARIZATION: COMPARING OPINIONS OF CZECH SENATORS
Author:	MICHAL CAMPR, KAREL JEŽEK
Abstract:	In this paper, we present a novel approach to contrastive summarization, i.e. a specific type of summarization, which aims to compare two documents (or groups of documents) on semantic and also sentiment level. The final output of contrastive summarization is a pair of summaries, depicting what topics are most often discussed with the largest difference in opinions of the authors. We explore the possibilities of combining the latent semantic information with the information about the opinions of the authors. First, we describe related works, which show, that this problem can be approached from many different directions. Next, we present our own algorithm, based on Latent Semantic Analysis, which computes scores for excerpts of the original text and based on these, it chooses best excerpts that should be included into the final summaries. Finally, we present the evaluation of our algorithm, using speeches from Czech senate.
Keywords:	Contrastive Summarization, Semantic Analysis, Sentiment analysis, LSA, Classification
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	REVIEW OF ACOUSTIC ECHO CANCELLATION TECHNIQUES FOR VOICE OVER IP
Author:	SABRI M. HANSHI, YUNG-WEY CHONG, ADEL NADHEM NAEEM
Abstract:	Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) has become a necessity in today’s conferencing system in order to enhance the audio quality of hands-free communication systems. In recent years, many researchers and manufacturers have developed various AEC algorithms for telecommunication solutions in order to improve the quality of service. Many factors influence the design of an AEC system, such as computational complexity, memory consumption etc. The aim of this work is to review the most recent acoustic echo cancellation techniques and their applicability for current hands free applications. Therefore, this paper presents AEC systems challenges and comparison between these techniques is also presented.
Keywords:	Adaptive Filter, Acoustic Echo Cancellation, Noise Reduction, Voice Over Internet Protocol
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	USING HYBRID ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR IMPROVING PRIVACY IN VANETS’ ROUTING: IMPROVING PRIVACY FOR CRITICAL VEHICLES
Author:	HAMED SAYYADI, ALI SHARIFARA
Abstract:	Nowadays, one of the most interesting areas in Ad Hoc networks is VANET. Although, security in VANETs’ routing increased a lot during these years, it is not happened for privacy. Usually, improving privacy in routing protocols is in conflict with security. In this research, we improve the privacy compliant secure routing in VANETs by using hybrid protocol called as PIDP.
Keywords:	VANET, Security, Routing, Privacy
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A ROBUST HUMAN FACE DETECTION ALGORITHM BASED ON SKIN COLOR SEGMENTATION AND EDGE DETECTION
Author:	ALI SHARIFARA, MOHD SHAFRY MOHD RAHIM, HAMED SAYYADI
Abstract:	Automatic face detection is one of the interesting and challenging tasks in the field of computer vision. Face detection is the first and main step in many applications, especially in surveillance systems. In the present paper, a hybrid method is proposed to detect human face under different lighting conditions and complex backgrounds of color images. The proposed method have used skin color segmentation methods as well as edge detection to detect face in color images. In addition, a template matching process is applied based on a linear transformation in order to detect face for the selected regions. Thus, the process can be helpful in reducing false selected regions, which have same color as face.
Keywords:	Human Face Detection, Skin-Color Face Detection, Edge Detection, Image Color Analysis.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	OBJECT LOCALIZATION AND PATH OPTIMIZATION USING PARTICLE SWARM AND ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION FOR MOBILE RFID READER
Author:	MOHD ZAKI ZAKARIA , MD YUSOFF JAMALUDDIN
Abstract:	Optimization for an RFID reader is an important technique to reduce the cost of hardware; we need to define the location of the RFID reader to ensure the node will be fully covered by the reader. It is also essential to find the best way to place the nodes in a given area that guarantees 100% coverage with least possible number of readers. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm using particle swarm and ant colony optimization techniques to achieve the shortest path for an RFID mobile reader, and at the same time, ensure 100% coverage in the given area. For path optimization, the mobile reader traverses from one node to the next, moving around encountered obstacles in its path. The tag reading process is iterative, in which the reader arrives at its start point at the end of each round. Based on the shortest path, we use an algorithm that computes the location of items in the given area. After development of a simulation prototype, the algorithm achieves promising results. Experimental results with benchmarks having up to 150 nodes show that the ant colony optimization (ACO) method works more effectively and efficiently than particle swarm optimization (PSO) when solving shortest path problems.
Keywords:	RFID, Path Optimization, PSO, ACO
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	TRUST BASED DYNAMIC SOURCE ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR MANET AGAINST ROUTING ATTACKS
Author:	K.MAHAMUNI, DR.C.CHANDRASEKAR
Abstract:	Devices themselves are the network in adhoc networks allowing seamless communication, at low cost, in a self-organized fashion and also easy deployment. Freedom and self-organizing capabilities make Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) completely different from other networking solution. MANETs highly dynamic nature leads to changes and network topologies unpredictability, adding difficulty and complexity to mobile node routing within the network. This study proposes a new, secure, Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol for MANETs based on trust and reputation to mitigate black hole attack. Trust metric is based on data packets, control packets forwarded and routing protocol execution. Communication nodes are selected based on a reputation based trust mechanism.
Keywords:	Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Routing, Attacks in MANET, Trust and Reputation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	CONTENT-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL FOR ASSET MANAGEMENT BASED ON WEIGHTED FEATURE AND K-MEANS CLUSTERING
Author:	JUMI , AGUS HARJOKO , AHMAD ASHARI
Abstract:	Assets have different shapes, colors and textures. A shape feature is the main characteristic, which distinguishes each type of asset in addition to the other features, i.e. the color and the texture. The value of features in the image-based asset information retrieval is used as the key field by comparing the similarities between the images. These similarities can be determined based on the differences in the feature values of query images and the images in the database. The closer to zero the difference, the higher the degree of similarities. The degree of similarities will affect the accuracy level of the image retrieval. In this research, image retrieval accuracy and computing time measurement were analyzed. The retrieval accuracy could improve using the property-weighting scheme of weighted features. Moment invariants, color moments and statistical texture are selected to representation shape, color and texture feature. Preprocessing before extraction was done through grayscale, resizing, edge enhancement, histogram equalization. Image asset data clustering was done using K-Means clustering. The research findings suggest that the retrieval accuracy with a total of 400 asset-image data is more than 95% for weighting scheme of Ws (weighted shape) = 50%, Wc (weighted color) = 30%, Wt (weighted texture) = 20% and 10 clusters with the average computing time of 5 millisecond.
Keywords:	Weighted, Feature, Retrieval, Moment, K-Means
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A WATER FLOW-LIKE ALGORITHM FOR CAPACITATED VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM
Author:	SUHAILA ZAINUDIN, MOKHTAR MASSOUD KERWAD, ZULAIHA ALI OTHMAN
Abstract:	The goal of the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) is finding a useful vehicle route which is a fundamental issue of logistic management. CVRP consists of finding the optimal routes for distributing various items between customers and depot by a fleet of vehicles at a minimum traveling distance without exceeding the capacity of each vehicle. Among many proposed schemes, meta-heuristic algorithm is a well-known optimization method for solving non-deterministic polynomial-time problems. The population-based meta-heuristics has shown the ability to obtain an excellent solution in many domains but consumes time. This is due to the nature of the algorithms that have fixed a number of the solutions, so they suffer from high computation times to reach the solution. In this paper a new approximation algorithm named Water Flow-like Algorithm (WFA) is proposed to tackle CVRP. It is inspired by the natural behavior of water flowing from a higher to a lower level, which is self-adaptive and dynamic based on population sizes and parameter settings. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using 14 benchmark datasets. The result shown performance of the proposed algorithm is comparable with other recent enhanced algorithms. Therefore, it indicates that WFA is a potential alternative to solve the CVRP using other enhancement on the algorithm.
Keywords:	Combinatorial Optimization, Vehicle Routing Problem, Meta-heuristics, Dynamic solution, Water Flow-like Algorithm.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A HYBRID MULTI-ATTRIBUTE DECISION MAKING FOR ELECTRICIAN SELECTION BASED ON AHP, SAW AND TOPSIS
Author:	WIWIEN HADIKURNIAWATI, RETANTYO WARDOYO
Abstract:	Human resources is one of the important elements that affects the continuity of infrastructure development in Indonesia. Human resources competence is a prerequisite which can not be ignored. Quality competence results in an ability (competency) of an electrical expert. This study discusses the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) in order to make the selection of experts decision on electrician through a competency test. These three methods are used to determine the highest priority of alternative electrical expert who has knowledge and ability in the field of medium voltage network that best fits the given parameters. The use of this hybrid method is expected to help and to provide the best decision in the selection of electrician
Keywords:	Multi-Attribute Decision Making, AHP, SAW, TOPSIS, Electrician
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	CLASSIC APRIORI: IMPLEMENTATION OF MODIFIED APRIORI ALGORITHM IN MATLAB FOR PADDY CROPS DISEASE PREDICTION USING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES
Author:	S.A.RAMESH KUMAR, Dr. K.RAMESH KUMAR
Abstract:	Automation of essential processes in agriculture is becoming widespread, especially when fast action is required. However, some processes that could greatly benefit from some degree of automation have such difficult characteristics, that even small improvements pose a great challenge. This is the case of paddy disease diagnosis, a problem of great economic, social and ecological interest. Difficult problems like this often require a interdisciplinary approach to be tackled properly, as multifaceted issues can greatly benefit from the inclusion of different perspectives. In this context, this paper presents the most recent advances in research subjects such as data mining algorithm applied to paddy disease diagnosis, and give the solution, and discusses how those advances may be combined to support future developments towards more effective diagnosis tools. The paper finishes suggesting a possible solution to increase the degree of automation of paddy disease diagnosis tools.
Keywords:	Classification, Association Set Rules, K-Nearest Neighbor, Apriori Algorithm Artificial Neural
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th July 2015 -- Vol. 77. No. 1 -- 2015
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