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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
June 2015 | Vol. 76 No.1

Title:	GRAPH BASED TEXT REPRESENTATION FOR DOCUMENT CLUSTERING
Author:	ASMA KHAZAAL ABDULSAHIB, SITI SAKIRA KAMARUDDIN
Abstract:	Advances in digital technology and the World Wide Web has led to the increase of digital documents that are used for various purposes such as publishing and digital library. This phenomenon raises awareness for the requirement of effective techniques that can help during the search and retrieval of text. One of the most needed tasks is clustering, which categorizes documents automatically into meaningful groups. Clustering is an important task in data mining and machine learning. The accuracy of clustering depends tightly on the selection of the text representation method. Traditional methods of text representation model documents as bags of words using term-frequency index document frequency (TFIDF). This method ignores the relationship and meanings of words in the document. As a result the sparsity and semantic problem that is prevalent in textual document are not resolved. In this study, the problem of sparsity and semantic is reduced by proposing a graph based text representation method, namely dependency graph with the aim of improving the accuracy of document clustering. The dependency graph representation scheme is created through an accumulation of syntactic and semantic analysis. A sample of 20 news groups, dataset was used in this study. The text documents undergo pre-processing and syntactic parsing in order to identify the sentence structure. Then the semantic of words are modeled using dependency graph. The produced dependency graph is then used in the process of cluster analysis. K-means clustering technique was used in this study. The dependency graph based clustering result were compared with the popular text representation method, i.e. TFIDF and Ontology based text representation. The result shows that the dependency graph outperforms both TFIDF and Ontology based text representation. The findings proved that the proposed text representation method leads to more accurate document clustering results.
Keywords:	Text Representation Schemes, Dependency Graph, Document Clustering, Sparsity Problem,Semantic Problem.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	USER SEGMENT OF KOREAN WIDE AREA GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM
Author:	SAYED CHHATTAN SHAH
Abstract:	Korean wide area differential global navigation satellite system augments global navigation satellite system by broadcasting additional signals from geostationary satellites and providing differential correction messages and integrity data for the GNSS satellites. It includes a network of wide area reference stations, wide area master station, ground earth station and geostationary satellites. Wide area reference stations are widely dispersed GNSS data collection sites that monitor and process satellite data to determine satellite orbit and clock drift plus delays caused by atmosphere and ionosphere. This information is then transmitted to wide area master station which creates and broadcasts correction messages through geostationary satellites. The user segment receives and applies correction messages to improve position accuracy and reliability. This study presents a flexible and robust software design and data processing algorithms of user segment of Korean wide area differential global navigation satellite system. The user segment software performs numerous functions such as calculation of ionosphere and troposphere delays, processing of correction messages, and data quality monitoring. It implements numerous tropospheric, ionospheric and position models, supports RINEX and BINEX data exchange formats, and is designed to work in real time and post processing modes. It can also be used in precision and non-precision approach modes. The software is divided into several layers such as Data Processing and Visualization, and can be easily extended to support various interfaces such as web interface and mobile device interface. The current version processes global positioning system and wide area differential global navigation satellite system data but can be easily extended to support various global navigation satellite systems such as GLONASS and Galileo.
Keywords:	Global Navigation Satellite System, Global Positioning Systems, GPS Augmentation System
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF INTRUSION DETECTION TECHNIQUES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Author:	YOUSEF EL MOURABIT , AHMED TOUMANARI, ANOUAR BOUIRDEN, NADIA EL MOUSSAID
Abstract:	Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) are composed of low cost sensor nodes and usually deploy in open and unprotected area, which make security the major challenge in this kind of network, due to their characteristics WSN is vulnerable to various types of attacks and intrusions, where it require security mechanisms to defend against these attacks. Intrusion detection system (IDS) is one of the principal and efficient defensive methods against intrusion and attacks in WSN. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of the most performant intrusion detection techniques in IDS systems for WSNs and identifying their features. For each technique, the main principal and the related functionality are briefly introduced, discussed, and compared, based on the operational advantages and inconveniences. To implement and measure the performance of these techniques we prepare our dataset, based on KDD'99, after normalizing our dataset, we determined normal class and 4 types of attacks, and used the most relevant attributes for the classification process, by applying CfsSubsetEval with BestFirst approach. Finally a set of principles are concluded, which have to be satisfied in future research of implementing IDS for WSNs, in order to help researchers in the selection of IDS for WSNs, recommendations of promising proposed IDSs are provided with future directions for this research.
Keywords:	Wireless sensor network, Intrusion detection system, Classification, KDD’99
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	MALAY TEXT FEATURES FOR AUTOMATIC NEWS HEADLINE GENERATION
Author:	MOHD SABRI HASAN, SHAHRUL AZMAN MOHD NOAH, NAZLENA MOHAMAD ALI
Abstract:	The diversity of natural language for meaning representation in documents is one of the causes of information overload in information retrieval. Headline generation is an automatic text summarization technique that can reduce or address such a problem. This research discusses an experimental study on the determination of Malay language characteristics from news genre documents. A Malay news corpus comprising 140 news documents was chosen from the BERNAMA news archive. The selection criteria were limited to hard news, a word count of 50 to 250 words, published between 2007 and 2012, and with news genres of economy, crime, education, or sports only. Three Malay linguistic experts were selected to produce a reference headline for each news document manually. Experiment results identify three characteristics. First, the first two sentences of a news document are suitable candidates for the most important sentences; second, sentences that contain an acronym definition also have the potential to become the most important sentences; and third, the ideal length of a headline is six words. Considering these characteristics will generate intelligent headlines for Malay news.
Keywords:	Headline Generation, Text Summarization, Malay News
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	NOVEL PRINTED MONOPOLE TRAPEZOIDAL NOTCH ANTENNA WITH S-BAND REJECTION
Author:	B T P MADHAV, 2HARISH KAZA, THANNERU KARTHEEK, VIDYULLATHA LAKSHMI KAZA, SREERAMINENI PRASANTH, K S SANJAY CHANDRA SIKAKOLLU, MANEESH THAMMISHETTI, ALUVALA SRINIVAS, K V L BHAVANI
Abstract:	A compact coplanar waveguide fed trapezoidal monopole antenna and a notch band monopole antenna are presented in this paper. Notch Band is obtained between 3-4 GHz, which covers S- band of WiMAX applications. The notch band antenna is obtained by etching U- slot on the radiating element of the monopole antenna. The proposed antenna is printed on Rogers RT- Duroid 5880 substrate material with dielectric constant 2.2 and loss tangent 0.0009. The overall dimension of the notch band antenna is around 51 x 45 x 1.6 mm. Initially Trapezoidal Notch band monopole antenna is constructed from the basic design of trapezoidal monopole wideband antenna and the corresponding antenna parameters and Radiation characteristics for both the models are analyzed and presented in detail in this article.
Keywords:	Compact Antenna, S- Band, Trapezoidal Wideband Antenna, Trapezoidal Notch Antenna, Wimax.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	DESIGN OF NETWORK ARCHITECTURE FOR INTRUSION DETECTION USING SPANNING TREE MULTICLASS CLASSIFIER IN MANET
Author:	V. UMA DEVI, C. CHANDRASEKAR
Abstract:	Security in mobile ad-hoc network plays a strategic role to ensure high level of protection without any intrusions in computer networks. Most of the intrusions in mobile ad-hoc network are traced and detected by collecting traffic information and classified according to different classification algorithms. With individual traffic classifiers design, packet delay is expected to surely go up with overhead cost rate. These classification processes hosted on mobile ad-hoc network failed to develop multiclass classifier system under varied conditions and minimized the efficiency on detecting intrusions in network architecture. To present mobile ad-hoc network architecture, with multi-classifier intrusion detection system, a mechanism called, Tuning Spanning Tree Multiclass Classifier (TSTMC) is proposed in this paper. The TSTMC mechanism works with multiple classification process in MANET to detect the intruded distribution nodes. First, Multiclass Neural Shannon’s Entropy based approach analyzes the network traffic properties based on the count of source destination pair, packet type, packet size and payload. After analyzing the traffic rate on MANET, the result are used in the next step to construct spanning tree network architecture. Secondly, the spanning tree is constructed with Tuning Tutte polynomial operations where the internal and external traffic over mobile ad-hoc network is classified. Tuning Tutte polynomial operation is used effectively to detect the abnormal activities through tuning spanning tree. Analysis is accomplished for different parameters, including the maximum node velocity and the average multiclass error rate they experience, node density and their true positive rate on detecting abnormal activities, packet delay and classification sensitivity rate. Simulations using NS2 were used to measure the performance of the mechanism to compare it with the performance of two other intrusion models for mobile ad-hoc networks, namely, GP and SSUM. The measured results signify the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in terms of achieved multiclass error rate, classification sensitivity and low packet delay.
Keywords:	Multiclass Neural Shannon’s Entropy, Mobile Ad-hoc Network, Tuning Spanning Tree, Intrusion Detection, Tutte Polynomial, Abnormal Activities
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	ANALYSIS OF MODERN ATTACKS ON ANTIVIRUSES
Author:	SILNOV DMITRY SERGEEVICH, TARAKANOV OLEG VLADIMIROVICH
Abstract:	Modern malware (viruses, worms, and Trojan horses) are increasingly applying integrated approach inherently and combining multiple technologies to counter the actions of antivirus software and information security tools. Lack of specific classification of directions of counteraction and their approaches creates no clear idea of the degree of threat. This leads to solutions that cannot fully eliminate a threat. This article considers the first ever case of classifying counteraction methods to antivirus actions. The classification presented identified two main approaches of influencing antivirus actions: targeted and non-targeted attack. After analysing the methods, we classified false positive virus alarms based on which it is shown that false positives are systemic in nature.
Keywords:	Antivirus, False Positive, Viruses, Retroviruses, False Negative
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	ALL ABOUT SOFTWARE REUSABILITY: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Author:	SIHAM YOUNOUSSI, OUNSA ROUDIES
Abstract:	Software reusability is an attribute in which software or its module is reused with very little or no modification. For any organization, improving the business performance means performing their software development. Software reusability offers great potential of significant gains for an organization, by reducing cost and effort, and accelerating the Time to Market of software products. This paper presents a literature review of various software reusability concepts. It presents some definitions and benefits of software reusability, approaches to be adopted to perform reusability, reusability levels in software life cycle, to reusability, maturity models and attributes affecting potentiality of software to be reused.
Keywords:	Software Reusability Approaches, Software Reusability Benefits, Software Reusability Levels, Software Maturity Models for Reuse, Software Reusability Attributes
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	GENERALIZED DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM BASED IMPROVEMENT OF PARTIAL TRANSMIT SEQUENCE SCHEME TO REDUCE PAPR IN OFDM SYSTEMS
Author:	AHMED M. ELSHIRKASI, MOHAMMAD UMAR SIDDIQI, MOHAMED HADI HABAEBI
Abstract:	Future applications of communication systems require higher data rates and more mobility. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can achieve these goals due to it is ability to reach high bit rates over fading channels as well as its efficient utilization of the bandwidth. However, the transmitted signal of OFDM suffers from high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Such signals require high power amplifier (HPA) of large dynamic range to amplify the whole transmitted signal without distorting it. This paper gives the results of a study on the effect of applying the nonlinear phase of generalized discrete Fourier transform (GDFT) theory on the performance of partial transmit sequence (PTS) which is one of proposed techniques to mitigate high PAPR of OFDM signal. This has been done by modifying the phase of data symbols in each OFDM block before PTS is applied. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme requires half the number of sub-blocks to achieve the same amount of PAPR reduction compared with the original PTS scheme.
Keywords:	Generalized Discrete Fourier Transform, OFDM, PAPR, CCDF, PTS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	META PHYSICAL ALGORITHMIC REPRESENTATION FOR FLAWLESS CLUSTERING
Author:	K. MOHANA PRASAD , DR. R. SABITHA
Abstract:	Data mining is defined as analyzing data from a large database .The task performed by data mining is clustering, which are used for grouping the data objects to form a new class .The two algorithms of clustering is MH-means (modified harmonic means ) and GSA(gravitational search algorithm).MH-means is the algorithm with some random based centroid for desired clusters. In this algorithm every data object are assigned to the closest centroid. It is used to calculate the mean value of data objects within the clusters , so that they reach an optimal solution. MH-meansis an iterative process. GSA is based on interaction of masses in universe through Newtonian Gravity law. The role of GSA is to identify the problem in space. By combining the MH-means and GSA algorithms the performance is increased. Along with this combination a new method Standard Dataset is also used. The standard dataset are used for increasing the convergence speed of the proposed methods.
Keywords:	Clusters ,Centroid, Gravity Law ,GSA , MH-means.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING A HYBRID CLUSTERING TECHNIQUE AND MEAN SHIFT FOR AUTOMATED DETECTION ACUTE LEUKAEMIA BLOOD CELLS IMAGES
Author:	FARAH H. A. JABAR, WAIDAH ISMAIL , ROSALINA A.SALAM , ROSLINE HASSAN
Abstract:	Clustering is one of the most common automated segmentation techniques used in the fields of bioinformatics applications specifically for the microscopic image processing usage. Recently many scientists have performed tremendous research in helping the haematologists in the issue of segmenting the leukocytes region from the blood cells microscopic images in the early of prognosis. During the post processing, image filtering can cause some discrepancies on the processed image which may lead to insignificant result. This research aims to segment the blood cell microscopic images of patients suffering from acute leukaemia. In this research we are using three clustering techniques which are (Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), Classic K-Means (CKM) and Enhanced K-Means (EKM) then we performed filtering techniques which are Mean-shift Filtering (MSF) and Seeded Region Growing (SRG). We tested individual clustering, from the results it show Enhanced K-Means gives the best result. We performed hybrid between EKM and MSF gave a better result from other comparison. The integrated clustering techniques have produced tremendous output images with minimal filtering process to remove the background scene.
Keywords:	Image Segmentation; Enhanced K-Means, Meanshift, Leukaemia Cells
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	THE MODERATING EFFECT OF WEB SERVICE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUSINESS ANALYTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE
Author:	BIJAN GANJI JAMEHSHOORAN , AWALUDDIN. M. SHAHAROUN , HABIBAH NOREHAN HARON
Abstract:	In recent years, supply chain performance measurement has received much attention from researchers and practitioners. Effective supply chain performance through supply chain antecedents such as business analytics has become a potentially valuable way of securing competitive advantage and improving supply chain performance. Many organizations have begun to recognize that supply chain management is the key to building a sustainable competitive advantage for their products or services in an increasingly crowded marketplace. Despite the fact that, determining supply chain performance through its antecedents is considered as a unique methodology, theoretical and comprehensive studies on supply chain performance through the methodology is few and far between. This study addressed the lack of the empirical studies by developing a comprehensive model to examine the effect of plan analyse, source analyse, make analyse and delivery analyse on supply chain performance considering moderating effect of WS on the relationships. A quantitative methodology using a cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate the relationship between variables. Data were collected from automotive companies in Iran. The overall response rate was 86.72%. The relationships between variables were examined using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique and partial least squares (PLS) software was used to examine the proposed hypotheses. The results revealed there is a significant and positive relationship between four areas of business analytics namely plan analyse, source analyse, make analyse and delivery analyse and supply chain performance. Moreover, the results indicated that the aforementioned relationship is moderated by WS. The study combined resource- based theory, resource dependence theories to develop a new theoretical framework to demonstrate the importance of the four areas of SCOR approach businesses analytic; in improving supply chain performance. Moreover, the study has provided a new platform to effectively improve supply chain performance.
Keywords:	Supply Chain Performance (SCP),Business Analytics (BA),Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, information system (IS), plan analyse (PA), source analyse (SA),make analyse (MA) and delivery analyse (DA).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	IMPROVEMENT OF SHORTEST-PATH ALGORITHMS USING SUBGRAPHS' HEURISTICS
Author:	FAISAL KHAMAYSEH, NABIL ARMAN
Abstract:	Given a graph G=(V,E,w), where V and E are finite set of vertices and edges respectively, is a directed weighted graph with weights denoted by w(e)>0 for each edge e ∈E. P(s,t) is the shortest path between the given vertices <s> and <t> containing the least sum of edge weights on the path from <s> to <t>. Properties of the graph representation, using different matrix structures to represent the graph in normal flow and reverse representations, are considered. Based on these structures, a new algorithm determines the candidate subgraphs and prunes every subgraph that is either unreachable from the given source vertex <s> or does not lead to the given destination<t>, benefiting from the rich information inherent in the matrix and reverse matrix structure representations of the graph. The experiments were conducted using our heuristic and the conventional shortest path finding, namely Dijkstra’s algorithm. Practical results are given showing considerable improvements of the proposed algorithm in performance. This improves the shortest path algorithm significantly.
Keywords:	Shortest Path, Pruning, Graph Algorithms, Candidate Subgraphs, Heuristics
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	AN AUGMENTED DYNAMIC ROUND ROBIN CPU SCHEDULING ALGORITHM
Author:	N SRINIVASU , A.S.V. BALAKRISHNA , R. DURGA LAKSHMI
Abstract:	The Round Robin (RR) CPU scheduling algorithm is a fair scheduling algorithm that gives equal time quantum to all processes. The choice of the time quantum is critical as it affects the algorithm’s performance. This paper proposes a new algorithm that enhanced on the Improved Round Robin CPU (IRR) scheduling algorithm. The proposed algorithm was implemented and benchmarked against basic round robin algorithms available in the literature. The proposed algorithm compared with the basic round robin algorithms, produces minimal average waiting time (AWT), average turnaround time (ATAT), and number of context switches (NCS). From the obtained results we observed that proposed algorithm met better scheduling criterion than the basic round robin scheduling algorithm.
Keywords:	Scheduling Criteria, Scheduling Algorithms, Round Robin, Time Quantum, Waiting Time, Context Switches.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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Title:	INTEGRATION AND IMPLIMENTATION SYSTEM-ON-A-PROGRAMMABLE-CHIP (SOPC) IN FPGA
Author:	A.ZEMMOURI , MOHAMMED ALAREQI, R.ELGOURI, M.BENBRAHIM, L.HLOU
Abstract:	The real-time hardware application is developed around a FPGA hardware architecture that includes embedded processor MicroBlaze on the field programmable gate array (FPGA).This paper introduces a design of a Micro Blaze soft-core processor system that can be running the output pins (XGI Expansion Headers Protocol) as such as clock generator to feed external circuits. The designed processor system is programmed in C language to manage, and specify the number of clock generators selected. It focuses on implementation XGI Expansion Headers Protocol and an interface RS232 serial communication on a Xilinx FPGA, which allows bidirectional data transfer with an external application. The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, to synthesize a processor on Xilinx FPGA chip and then to control of Expansion Headers inputs / outputs of the board through implementation code compiled in C language on the MicroBlaze processor. This implementation has been simulated using ISE Simulator (ISim) software tools and the design to be implemented targeting Virtex5 (XUPV5-LX110T).
Keywords:	Processor Microblaze, FPGA, EDK, SDK, RS232, UART, XGI Expansion Headers Protocol.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 10^th June 2015 -- Vol. 76. No. 1 -- 2015
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