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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
March 2014 | Vol. 61 No.2

Title:	STRENGTHENING ANTI JAM GPS SYSTEM WITH ADAPTIVE PHASE ONLY NULLING USING EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS
Author:	V.THYAGARAJAN, S.KAJA MOHIDEEN
Abstract:	Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are spread spectrum, modulated with very low average power due to background noise. Adaptive algorithms have shown to minimize output power of array to 5 dB of background noise. GPS jamming is an issue in defense and the corporate sector who are satellite-based navigation dependent for their day to day operations. GPS satellites network provides precise location information of all places globally, is widely used for asset tracking by corporates. GPS is vulnerable to jamming, due to its sensitive receivers as they receive very weak signals from satellites. In this study, a novel optimization method based on the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm for the interference cancellation design is proposed which maximizes gain towards the desired signal and also improve jamming rejection performance.
Keywords:	Global Positioning System (GPS), Jamming, Anti-jamming, Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	DYNAMIC EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON SCHOOL MANAGEMENT
Author:	PIN-CHANG CHEN, TIAN-SYUNG LAN, YU-HUA LAN, HUA-YING HSU
Abstract:	The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of knowledge management system on school management, as well as to use system dynamics as the main research method. This study selected a certain elementary school in Miaoli County in Taiwan as the research subject. This study used students’ sense of identification, parental satisfaction and teachers’ centripetal force to investigate the factors affecting school management. According to the research results, this study verified that innovative knowledge management is very important to school’s management effectiveness. Innovative knowledge management makes students more motivated, makes their learning effective better and increases the sense of identification of classes and schools. This study also verified that parental satisfaction and parents’ level of interaction have a mutual effect on each other. In addition, this study verified that, if teachers’ sense of teaching accomplishment is stronger, their centripetal force for school indeed will be increased.
Keywords:	Knowledge Management, System Dynamics, Sense of Identification, Parental Satisfaction, Centripetal Force.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FAULT RECOVERY ALGORITHM USING KING SPARE ALLOCATION AND SHORTEST PATH SHIFTING FOR RECONFIGURABLE SYSTEMS
Author:	PRADEEP C, Dr. R. RADHAKRISHNAN, Dr. PHILIP SAMUEL
Abstract:	Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have the capability of reconfiguring in-field and at runtime that helps in fault recovery. FPGAs are used to implement complex functions in applications such as nuclear systems, space missions, communication systems etc where system reliability is very critical. Such systems must be designed with the capability of fault tolerance. A wide range of fault tolerance techniques have been proposed for FPGAs ranging from architectural redundancies to fully online adaptive implementations. This paper presents an algorithm for efficient fault recovery using king spare allocation technique and Dijkstra’s shortest path shifting. This algorithm can be applied to any modern FPGA that has partial reconfiguration (PR) capability. PR allows to modify parts of the design of the operating FPGA without affecting the other parts. The normal system operation can be ensured in noisy environment using this algorithm. This fault recovery algorithm is demonstrated using Matlab.
Keywords:	Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Fpgas), Fault Tolerance, Transient Fault, Permanent Fault, Spare, Shifting.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	GRAMAP: THREE STAGE GRAPHICAL PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION SCHEME
Author:	S.RAJARAJAN , M. PRABHU , S. PALANIVEL , M.P.KARTHIKEYAN
Abstract:	Computer systems employ user authentication as their primary means to protect system resources from unauthorised users and malicious attacks. Especially when multiple users share a set of systems and resources, effective authentication is very much required. Over the years, several authentication methods have been developed. The most commonly used method is the textual password based authentication. Users are required to choose a text comprising of alphabets, numbers and symbols. Once passwords are registered with the system, users need to recall and submit it each time of their login. Even though textual passwords are simple, they are vulnerable to many kinds of attacks. They are also cumbersome to be remembered. There are also biometric schemes that are based on user’s physical characteristics. They need expensive devices to implement. Recently images based graphical password schemes have received the attention of researchers. Human being’s ability to remember images is well established. So in this paper, a new graphical password scheme based on geographical maps is proposed. The proposed scheme has got three stages of authentication. Depending upon the level of security desired, users could opt for one or two or three stages. After the initial password creation, users could increase or decrease the number of stages at any time and they could also change the selected password in any particular stage. User studies were conducted on the proposed system to test its usability and memorability.
Keywords:	Authentication, Textual Passwords, Image Password, Graphical Passwords
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A METHOD TO RISK ANALYSIS IN REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING THROUGH OPTIMIZED GOAL SELECTION TROPOS GOAL LAYER
Author:	K.VENKATESH SHARMA, DR P V KUMAR
Abstract:	The requirement engineering is a field, in which software are modeled according to the requirements of the user. The software developed under requirement engineering will satisfy the users mostly on their perspective. So, recent researches are concentrating on the software development and analysis based on requirement engineering. The requirement engineering processes are also challenged by the risks in developing the software. So an efficient risk analysis system and risk management system is inevitable for the software development process under requirement engineering. In the proposed approach, an effective node selection approach for grouping the nodes in tropos goal model is plotted. The tropos goal model uses three layers for the risk analysis. Usually all the attributes regarding domain is used to plot the goal model. In the proposed approach, the goal model will be constructed in specific to attributes that will have the chances of raising risk. This process will reduce the time in terms of risk analysis and could help in prioritizing the risk as there are limited numbers of attributes considered in the three different layers. The goal risk model will be modified and used in the proposed approach. The experimental analysis will be conducted to analyses the relevance and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Keywords:	Requirement Engineering, Tropos Goal model, Candidate solutions, Goal layer, Event layer
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ASSESSMENT OF OPEN SOURCE WEB APPLICATION SECURITY SCANNERS
Author:	FAKHRELDEEN ABBAS SAEED, ELTYEB E. ABED ELGABAR
Abstract:	The web application security has currently become a very significant area of scholarship, the best way to deal with it is to use web application security scanner to discover the architectural weaknesses and vulnerabilities in the web application. A standard has been constructed by OWASP which lists common risks. The goal of this paper is to use OWASP Top 10 to compare and contrast the Open Source Web Application Security Scanners, and then determine the best of them. The study shows that W3AF 1.2, arachniv0.4.0.3 and Skipfish 2.07 are the most suitable ones because they have 0.863826, 0.79922, and 0.781676 averages respectively. So the web developer or administrator can use them together, choose one, or modify it by adding the missing feature and make his/her own application.
Keywords:	Open Source, Web Application Security Scanner, OWASP, Evaluation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	DEFECT INSPECTION SYSTEM FOR SHAPE-BASED MATCHING USING TWO CAMERAS
Author:	MARIZAN SULAIMAN, HAIROL NIZAM MOHD SHAH, MOHAMAD HANIFF HARUN, MOHD NOR FAKHZAN MOHD KAZIM
Abstract:	This research is regarding the application of a vision algorithm to investigates various approaches for automated inspection in of gluing process using shape-based matching application in order to control the decision making concerning jobs and work pieces recognition that are to be made during system operation in real time. A new supervised defect detection approach to detect a class of defects in gluing application is proposed. Creating of region of interest in important region of object is discussed. Gaussian smoothing features in determining better image processing is proposed. Template matching in differentiates between reference and tested image are proposed. This scheme provides high computational savings and results in high defect detection recognition rate. The defects are broadly classified into three classes: 1) gap defect; 2) bumper defect; 3) bubble defect. A new low-cost solution for gluing inspection is also included in this paper. The defects occur provides with information of height (z-coordinate), length (y-coordinate) and width (x-coordinate). This information gathered from the proposed two camera vision system for conducting 3D transformation.
Keywords:	Gaussian Smoothing, Recognition Rate, Region of Interest, Shape Matching, Template Matching.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	LOW POWER IN NANO-SCALE CMOS MEMORY
Author:	LABONNAH F. RAHMAN, F. B. ARITH, M. I. B. IDRIS, M. B. I. REAZ, MOHD. MARUFUZZAMAN
Abstract:	Future technologies required nano-scale CMOS memory to be operating in low power consumption. The minimum operating voltage of the nano-scale CMOS played as a main factor to reduce the power consumption. Consequently, there are some limitations and obstacles to achieve the objective for several design, material and novel structural solutions, which are promising and reliable. In this research, the noticeable limits, possible annexes and applications of CMOS technologies in the nanometer regime is discussed. This paper mainly describes the limitations that conventional MOSFET is faced. In addition, the solutions to low power in nano-scale CMOS memory are presented. Therefore, analysis of the attainable performance and potential restrictions of CMOS technologies from the point of design, material and structural solution techniques are illustrated.
Keywords:	Nano-Scale, CMOS, Low Power, Memory
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	THE WEB NAVIGATION BARRIERS FACING BY BLIND USERS IN SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES
Author:	BAVANI RAMAYAH, AZIZAH JAAFAR, NOOR FAEZAH MOHD YATIM
Abstract:	Social Networking sites (SNS) are increasingly attracting attention of everyone including blind users. However, some navigation barriers make them to stay away from SNS. A preliminary study was conducted to understand and to explore blind users’ navigation barriers in SNS. In this study, ten blind users who are using screen reader were interviewed and their activities on their favorite social networking web sites are discussed. This study revealed that complexity of web pages, CAPTCHA, AJAX in SNS become the main factors of their web navigation barrier. Based on findings from qualitative survey, a comparative analysis was performed with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0.
Keywords:	Social Networking Sites, Navigation, Blind, Screen Reader, WCAG
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	(CBCDR)CLUSTER BASED CYCLIC DIVERSIONARY ROUTING: ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING STRATEGY FOR LOCATION PRIVACY
Author:	C. NAVANEETHAN, M. BABAJAN, G. VINOD KUMAR, P. SARATH REDDY
Abstract:	A Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a network of sensors which sense the surroundings and communicates the information gathered from the monitored field through the virtual medium. The system designed for communication should utilize less energy. Sensors in the field are very small and can utilize the energy for constraints like receiving, transferring, and data processing. Based on the contextual information during data transmission, the location of monitored objects and sinks has been disclosed to an adversary. So that protecting the location from strong adversary is an important task.In general providing location privacy from a strong adversary will consumes high energy and also reduction in network lifetime. This paper aims at reducing energy consumptions by using the clustering technique. For this, we use hotspots generating routing paths in areas away from sink which balances energy consumption in overall network. The analysis and simulation upshot that the cluster based Cyclic Diversionary Routing (CDR) can significantly increase the security for location by reducing the energy consumption without effecting the network lifetime.
Keywords:	WSNs, CBCDR, Source-Location privacy, Energy, Network Lifetime.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A NOVEL STEERABLE FILTERS BASED FUZZY UNSHARP MASKING SCHEME FOR DOCUMENT IMAGES ENHANCEMENT
Author:	E. BALAMURUGAN1, DR. P. SENGOTTUVELAN , K. SANGEETHA
Abstract:	Document image sweetening is to focus on the texts, handwritten characters and images in the Document. Problem with most of the document image analysis system is images with low contrast not able to produced optimal results. In this paper, a steerable filters based fuzzy unsharp masking algorithmic rule is given to improve the contrast of the document image. In this method we introduce the fuzzy set theory into the unsharp masking scheme. Moreover, in this proposed model includes the new methods to replace a high pass filter with manageable filters in unsharp masking scheme. Contrast enhancement is achieved through the open membership performance is projected to rework the output of steerable filters into fuzzy domain. The experimental results clearly show that the proposed methodology not slowly improves the image quality however will get a far better recognition performance.
Keywords:	Document Image Enhancement, Steerable Filters, Unsharp Masking, And Fuzzy Set Theory, Unsharp Masking (UM)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGN OF LOW POWER LINEAR FEEDBACK SHIFT REGISTER
Author:	MOHD. MARUFUZZAMAN, H. N. B. ROSLY, M. B. I. REAZ, L. F. RAHMAN, H. HUSSAIN
Abstract:	Chip manufacturing technologies have been a key to the growth in all electronics devices over the past decades, bringing added convenience and accessibility through advantages in cost, size, and power consumption. Linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is key component to provide self-test of an integrated circuit (IC). This research is implemented LFSR until layout level which will be a key component for low power application. The research explores the LFSR as well as D flip flop using different architecture in a 0.18μm CMOS technology so that the layout area will be minimized as well as the power consumption will be lower. Three types of architectures are implemented into LFSR, which are NAND gates, pass transistor and transmission gates. Mentor graphics tools are used for comparing those LFSR design in terms of CMOS layout, hardware implementation and power consumption. The research showed that, pass transistor has smallest power consumption which is 3.1049 nano watts. Moreover, it required smallest number of transistor and layout area, which is 74 and 1137.76 micro square meter respectively.
Keywords:	LFSR, NAND Gate, Pass Transistor, Transmission Gate, CMOS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGN OF NOVEL SECURITY ARCHITECTURE FOR MANET FOR TRUSTING AND AUTHENTICATION
Author:	Mr. J. CHANDRA SEKHAR, DR. R. SIVARAM PRASAD
Abstract:	In MANETs, providing the security for routing and data packets is a big challenge. To overcome those drawbacks in this paper we design Novel security architecture for MANET for trusting and authentication. It provides routing security against jamming attacks, detects stealthy packet dropping attacks, a trust based reputation management system and certificate based authentication system. In first phase, multiple paths are determined based on AOMDV and the end-to-end packet success rate is sent as feedback to the source by the destination. In second phase, based on the method for trust and reputation management is then applied. In third phase, a standard authentication scheme for MANETs is proposed using Threshold Secret Sharing to provide security inside a network allowing only the legitimate users to utilize the network. By simulation results, we show that the proposed architecture reduces the drops due to attack and increases the packet delivery ratio.
Keywords:	Mobile Ad hoc network(MANET),Threshold Cryptography, Secret Sharing, Certificate Authority, Reputation Index.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ANALYZING THE EFFICIENCY OF PROGRAM THROUGH VARIOUS OOAD METRICS
Author:	MR. S. PASUPATHY, AND DR. R. BHAVANI
Abstract:	Software plays an important role in this today’s fast moving world. As everything being computerized, each and every activity must be programmed to lead a successful life. In business environment, to maintain the successful path, many new techniques and technologies have been implemented. Of those, programming for business needs, many new kinds of technologies have been emerged. One of the most useful and easiest technologies to implement is OOAD (Object-Oriented Analysis and Design). OOAD is most powerful and easy, since the program developed in this object-oriented environment seems to be simple and performs better compared to any other programming language. Object-Oriented technology is becoming increasingly popular in industrial software development environments. Object-Oriented Metrics are the measurement tools adapted to the Object Oriented Paradigm to help manage and foster quality in software development. In this research paper, we investigate several object oriented metrics proposed by various researchers. Based on the investigation, we propose a new methodology to determine the program efficiency and the quality. Our proposed methodology will produce the result based on the measurement carried out in the programming section.
Keywords:	Business Environment, Object-Oriented environment, Object-Oriented Metrics, OOAD, Software.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	SAG VOLTAGE IDENTIFICATION ON 30 KV SYSTEMS AFFECTED BY ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE USING WAVELET TRANSFORMATION METHOD
Author:	WAHYUNI MARTININGSIH, M. ASHARI, ADI SOEPRIJANTO, DIAN SAWITRI
Abstract:	This paper presents sag voltage identification on 30 kV system with electric arc furnace load. The identification of disturbance using wavelet transformation. The proposed method can precisely identify sags caused by 3 disturbances: single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase short circuits, which occur in internally process of an electric arc furnace (EAF). The identification procedure consists of 3 steps: preparation, wavelet energy calculation, analysis for identification. The types of short circuit are detected from the amount of energy during the EAF operation. The highest energy required indicates a three-phase short circuit; however the lightest is for single-phase short circuit. Simulation results from a typical data show that a sag voltage in 0.55-0.75 pu for 0.201 seconds, containing wavelet energy average 0.434733, is caused by 3 types of short circuit in certain subsequent time.
Keywords:	Power Quality, 30 kV System, Electric Arc Furnace, Short Circuit disturbances, Wavelet transformation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN ENERGY EFFICIENT ENHANCED ERROR NODE REGAINING ALGORITHM FOR A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Author:	Mrs. M. KARPAGAM, DR. N. NAGARAJAN, MS. J. ABIRAMIATHAVI
Abstract:	This paper proposes an enhanced error node regaining algorithm to prolong the lifespan of a wireless sensor network when some of the sensor nodes power down. This algorithm is mainly based on the genetic algorithm. The efficiency of the energy can be enhanced by the sparse or compressive sensing feature. Our results show that compact sensing prolongs the network lifespan and is more useful for wireless sensor networks with a smaller coverage area.
Keywords:	Genetic Algorithm (GA), Energy Efficiency, Compressive Sensing, Network Lifetime, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	IMPROVING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK LIFESPAN THROUGH ENERGY EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS
Author:	M.KARPAGAM, DR.N.NAGARAJAN, K.VIJAIPRIYA
Abstract:	One of the main challenges of wireless sensor network is maximization of the lifetime of the sensor node since the energy efficiency determines the lifetime of a sensor node, power consumption of the sensing device should be minimized. To conserve power, sensor node should shut off the power supply when not in use. In this paper, we present some energy efficient algorithms to enhance the network lifetime. By introducing sink mobility into wireless sensor networks, the network performance including lifetime, energy efficiency and end-to-end delay can be enhanced. Further, by increasing the number of sleep nodes using smack sets, the network performance can be greatly improved. The Energy-efficient Fixed-sink Clustering Algorithm (EFCA) and Energy-efficient Mobile-sink Clustering Algorithm (EMCA) have been simulated in the NS-2.32 surroundings.
Keywords:	EFCA, EMCA, Residual Energy, Smack Set, WSN.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FPGA IMPLEMENTATION TO MINIMIZE TORQUE RIPPLES IN PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVEN BY FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER
Author:	B.ADHAVAN , Dr.C.S.RAVICHANDRAN
Abstract:	The Permanent Magnet Synchronous motor is a rotating electrical machine where the stator produces a sinusoidal flux density distribution in the air gap and the rotor has permanent magnets. A substantial air gap magnetic flux generated by permanent magnet makes it reliable to design highly efficient motors. However, the main disadvantage is the non-uniform variance in the developed torque. These torque ripples causes speed oscillations and vibrations and perverts the system performance. Since the construction of permanent magnet synchronous motor lacks rotor coil which will provide mechanical damping during transient conditions, these motors are inefficient with open-loop V/Hz control and rely on Vector Control for better dynamic response. Fuzzy logic controllers which does not requires any modeling of a system based on mathematics and are they are working on the linguistic rules. It also improves the performance of PI controllers which are affected by load turbulence, parameter variations and speed disturbances. This project presents the Fuzzy logic approach for a vector controlled PMSM drive for minimizing torque ripples. Also, Space vector modulation is employed to overcome the periodic torque pulsations generated by hysteresis controllers. The design analysis and the hardware control are implemented by using FPGA controller and discussions on the hardware results are done.
Keywords:	Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), Field Oriented Control (FOC), PI controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Field Programming Gate Array (FPGA), Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PREDICTION OF STUDENTS’ SUCCESS BY APPLYING DATA MINING ALGORITHAMS
Author:	EDIN OSMANBEGOVIĆ, HARIS AGIĆ, MIRZA SULJIĆ
Abstract:	In education, an intelligent data analysis includes data mining methods which are applicable in different areas of education as a way of discovering implicit, previously unknown, and useful knowledge out of existing data with a sole goal, and it is, to make quality decisions. One of the classification methods in educational environment is prediction of students' success at the end of the second term. In this paper, we have shown survey results for a sample of 907 students who in 2011/2012 school year have attended secondary school in Tuzla Canton. We have analyzed three different models of students' success (Decision Tree, Naive Bayes and Multilayer Perceptron). We have also taken in account estimation of the variables which have influenced the students' success and we have checked them through four different filters. Cross validation is the method we used in the estimation of the classifications. To avoid unbalanced distribution of the class variable values in generating models of prediction, we have used SMOTE function and analyzed models generated from resampled data. It is possible, in our future researches, to include a greater number of input variables and increase the number of samples so it would be possible to create a more successful model, which can be the base for development of the support decision system at the secondary education level.
Keywords:	Classification, Data mining, Making decision, Secondary school education
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FEATURE EXTRACTION AND FEATURE SELECTION FOR CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG DISEASES
Author:	C.BHUVANESWARI, Dr.P.ARUNA, Dr.D.LOGANATHAN
Abstract:	In this paper, investigations to evaluate various feature extraction and selection methods for classification of lung images are conducted. Widespread screening by CT or MRI is not practical, ensuring that chest radiology is the most common procedure for diagnosis of lung disease. The term lung disease refers to the disorders that affect the lungs such as asthma, COPD and infections like influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and many other breathing problems. This study classifies Lung images automatically as Pleural effusion, Emphysema, Bronchitis and normal lung scan. Features extraction is through Gabor filter, Walsh hadamard transform. Feature selection is through Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS), Principal component analysis (PCA). Classification is through use of Naïve Bayes, J 48, K- Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network. The results of the performance ensure that the PCA with multi layer perceptron provides above 81% of accuracy.
Keywords:	Classification, Feature Extraction, Performance, Radiology, Selection
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN ANALYSIS ON SOURCE-FILTER MODEL BASED ARTIFICIAL BANDWIDTH EXTENSION SYSTEM
Author:	G.GANDHIMATHI , S.JAYAKUMAR
Abstract:	To minimize transmission bandwidth in speech based communication systems such as telephone systems, narrowband representation of the signal is generally used. This band-limited signal can able to represent the vowel sounds without much distortion, but it is not suitable for representing consonant sounds, mostly fricative consonants ( th /, sh/, / Isl /, xl/ ch, /, etc). Artificial Band Extension (ABE) techniques are used to generate a wideband signal from the narrowband signal. Since most of the high frequency components and the fricative consonants were absent in the narrowband representation of the sound, it is a challenging task to create those missing components in the wideband equivalent signal. In this work, implemented a source-filter model based ABE system .The spectral envelope extension is carried out using classified codebook approach method and evaluated its performance with suitable metrics.
Keywords:	Speech enhancement, Artificial bandwidth Extension , Speech codec , Linear prediction
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	NEW APPROACH TO IMPROVING LIFETIME IN HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS BASED ON CLUSTERING ENERGY EFFICIENCY ALGORITHM
Author:	ELAHMADI CHEIKH, CHAKKOR SAAD, BAGHOURI MOSTAFA, HAJRAOUI ABDERRAHMANE
Abstract:	The major challenge for wireless sensor networks is energy consumption minimization. Wireless transmission consumes much more of energy. In the clustered network, a few nodes become cluster heads which causes the energetic heterogeneity. Therefore the behavior of the sensor network becomes very unstable. Hence, the need to apply the balancing of energy consumption across all nodes of the heterogeneous network is very important to prevent the death of those nodes and thereafter increase the lifetime of the network. DEEC (Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) is one of routing protocols designed to extend the stability time of the network by reducing energy consumption. A disadvantage of DEEC, which doesn’t takes into account the cluster size and the density of nodes in this cluster to elect the cluster heads. When multiple cluster heads are randomly selected within a small area, a big extra energy loss occurs. The amount of lost energy is approximately proportional to the number of cluster heads in this area. In this paper, we propose to improve DEEC by a modified energy efficient algorithm for choosing cluster heads that exclude a number of low energy levels nodes due to their distribution density and their dimensions area. We show by simulation in MATLAB that the proposed approach increases the number of received messages and prolong the lifetime of the network compared to DEEC. We conclude by studying the parameters of heterogeneity that proposed technique provides a longer stability period which increases by increasing the number of nodes which are excluded from the cluster head selection.
Keywords:	Wireless Sensor Networks, Clustering Algorithm, Multi-Level Heterogeneous Networks, Energy-Efficiency, DEEC Protocol, Network Lifetime.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	STABILITY ANALYSIS AND PARAMETER DESIGN OF BLDC DRIVE UTILIZING ROOT-LOCUS APPROACH
Author:	M MURUGAN, R JEYABHARATH, P VEENA
Abstract:	The demands for BLDC motor drives in industrial applications are rapidly increasing due to its high efficiency, high power factor and lower maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to design a stable control system for BLDC drive system to achieve a quality performance. The stability is a major problem in the closed loop BLDC drive system which may cause oscillations of constant or changing amplitude. This paper spotlights the movements of characteristic roots of the drive system on s-plane with the variation of system parameter gain ‘k’. The root locus and root contours of the BLDC drive system are portrayed in this paper which focuses the complete dynamic response of the system. Finally, the steady-state performance of the BLDC drive system has been investigated by calculating its steady-state error to various standard test signals. These analyses help a designer to easily visualize the effects of varying various system parameters on root locations. These analyses give good potential design specifications for the control engineers. The Matlab software package is used to analyze the results.
Keywords:	Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Drives, Root Locus, Root Contour; Parameter Design, Stability, Steady-State Error.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	RESIDUAL SHARING ALGORITHM FOR DYNAMIC SCHEDULING OF RESOURCES TO MULTIPLE USERS ACROSS HETEROGENEOUS GRID ENVIRONMENT
Author:	K. M. NASIMUDEEN, T. ARULDOSS ALBERT
Abstract:	This article proposes a method called residual fair sharing algorithm for scheduling of tasks in a heterogeneous grid environment. The proposed Residual Fair Sharing scheduling scheme is fairer and exploit the available multiprocessor Grid resources with less sensitive to processor capacity variations than max-min sharing scheme. The simulations have been conducted by thousands of tasks of varying size and workload variance, submitted to a multiprocessor computing system comprising of hundreds of processors of varying capacity. The experimental study revealed that the residual sharing algorithm performs better with respect to max min algorithm especially; there is a noticeable reduction in the time complexity between the two algorithms. However, in all conditions, the proposed Residual algorithm is more effective and outperforms max min algorithm.
Keywords:	Dynamic Scheduling, Heterogeneous GRID Environment, multiprocessor computing system Residual Sharing Algorithm
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	MIH BASED QOS-AWARE ALGORITHM FOR EFFICIENT HANDOFF IN WIFI/WIMAX INTEGRATED NETWORKS
Author:	E.PRINCE EDWARD, DR.V.SUMATHY
Abstract:	In future the wireless networks will be heterogeneous and a mobile user has to roam between different access technologies. Achieving efficient vertical handoff (VHO) with guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) in such heterogeneous environment still remains as an unsolved issue. VHO occurs when a mobile user changes his point of attachment from one type of wireless access network to another during an active communication session. Several VHO algorithms based on Received Signal strength (RSS), Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) and bandwidth have been proposed in literature which are inadequate to provide QoS for real-time applications. Hence we propose a Media Independent Handover(MIH) based QoS-aware VHO Decision Algorithm(QAVHA) which measures congestion in the target network in addition to SINR and bandwidth to provide always best connected service with guaranteed QoS. Our algorithm mainly focuses on reducing handoff delay and unnecessary handoffs to provide efficient handoff. We have chosen IEEE 802.11e and IEEE 802.16e heterogeneous environment. We have simulated these scenarios using NS2 and the performance characteristics are studied. When compared with the conventional VHO algorithm our proposed algorithm performs better during vertical handoff from WiFi to WiMax and vice-versa providing guaranteed QoS.
Keywords:	WiFi, WiMax Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, Congestion, Vertical Handoff.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A HYBRID CAC SCHEME FOR EFFECTIVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN IEEE 802.16 WIRELESS NETWORKS
Author:	CHANDRASEKARAN V , NAGARAJAN N
Abstract:	Call admission control (CAC) plays a vital role in providing the desired Quality of Service (QoS) in broadband wireless networks. The aim of this paper is to propose an efficient Greedy Shaper based Call Admission Control (GSCAC) scheme for WiMAX networks to manage the number of admitted user connections and maximize the utilization of the wireless resources. The proposed algorithm is based on bandwidth reservation and greedy shaper concepts. It has been developed considering the problem of “busy hour” in communications traffic variation during a typical day. The success of the proposed scheme depends on the revenue it generates to the service providers and service quality it provides to its subscribers. The proposed scheme is evaluated and compared to a traditional CAC scheme using OPNET simulator.
Keywords:	IEEE 802.16; CAC; Throughput; QOS; Bandwidth Utilization; Greedy Shaper.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 March 2014 -- Vol. 61. No. 2 -- 2014
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