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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
June 2014 | Vol. 64 No.2

Title:	DESIGN OF FRACTAL ANTENNA FOR UWB APPLICATIONS
Author:	ELIZABETH RUFUS, ZACHARIAH C ALEX, LOKESH B J
Abstract:	The aim of this paper is to design an antenna suitable for wireless applications. A small, low cost fractal antenna is designed, fabricated on a FR-4 substrate of size 28 mm x 28 mm and tested for this purpose in the laboratory using the N5230 A Agilent network analyzer. The simulation results show that the bandwidth achieved is 7.1 GHz. The experimental result of the fabricated antenna is also presented.
Keywords:	Ultra Wide Band (UWB), Fractal Antenna), Microstrip Antenna
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF COEFFICIENT DECIMATED POLYPHASE FILTER BANK STRUCTURE FOR MULTISTANDARD COMMUNICATION RECEIVER
Author:	P. KALPANA DEVI , R. S. BHUVANESHWARAN
Abstract:	Coefficient decimated polyphase FIR filter bank structure implemented for receiving narrow band channels effectively in multistandard environment. Reonfigurability in multirate filtering is required to design a prototype filter bank structure for selecting the distinct polyphase sub filters and taps for different standards. Coefficient decimation (CD) based filter bank can offer a good trade-off between reconfigurability and low complexity which satisfy most of the requirements for SDR receivers. This paper proposed a method of filter bank technique which reduces the overall complexity of the design. The pro-posed filter structure has been synthesized on 0.18µm CMOS technology single core Field programmable gate array. Synthesis report proved the reduced device utilization for the proposed structure.
Keywords:	FIR Filters, Reconfigurabality, Coefficient Decimation, Polyphase Filter, Multistandard, Channelization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FAULT TOLERANT METHOD TO IMPROVING QUALITY OF SERVICE OF BE SLACK TIME ROUTING IN NOC SYSTEMS
Author:	S. RAMANI, Dr. J. SUNDARARAJAN
Abstract:	The network on chip (NoC) architectures is being proposed for implementing a routing performance on the systems for real-time multi-media applications. The Guaranteed throughput (GT) and best effort (BE) traffic on main working concept on this system. GT traffic not only lead to under-utilization of communication links and routers, but also leads to degradation of QoS parameters for BE traffic. We propose a dynamic routing scheme with using the Slack-Time management for using to reducing jitter in the latency of BE traffic affected by the GT traffic. Our results from modeling and simulation indicate that a significant improvement in jitter can be achieved. The fault tolerant network to proposed quality of service, our proposed method will reduce the packet dropping ration from the single queue based data from the network management. Traffic Aware routing (TAR) to the use improve a performnace of quality services of this method the important data packet will passed as much soon to the designation due to the dual queue with the support of priority data droping ration were reduced here.
Keywords:	NOC, AODV, BE, GT, TAR, QOS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT RESEARCHES ON CHANNEL ESTIMATION IN MIMO-OFDM
Author:	Mr. S. LENIN, DR.S.MALARKKAN
Abstract:	In communication systems, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) plays a major role because of its high performance. In MIMO systems, multiple antennas are used in both transmitter and receiver to improve the communication performance, whereas the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation method. MIMO-OFDM is commonly used for communication systems due to its high transmission rates and robustness against multipath fading. In MIMO-OFDM, channel estimation plays a major role and channel estimation is the estimation of the transmitted signal bits using the corresponding received signal bits. While designing the channel estimator for wireless OFDM systems, two main problems will occur. The first problem is the arrangement of pilot information, in which pilot is the reference signal employed by both transmitters and receivers, whereas the second problem is the design of an estimator with both less intricacy and excellent channel tracking ability. In this paper an extensive review on different channel estimation methods used in MIMO-OFDM like pilot based, least square (LS) & minimum mean square error method (MMSE), least mean square (LMS) & recursive least squares (RLS) methods and also other channel estimation methods used in MIMO-OFDM was discussed with their achieved results.
Keywords:	MIMO. OFDM, channel estimation, LS and MMSE, LS and RLS, blind channel
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	IMPLEMENTATION OF CONFIGURABLE FLOATING POINT MULTIPLIER
Author:	GOKILA D, Dr. MANGALAM H
Abstract:	Floating point multiplier is widely used in digital signal processing applications. The performance of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) used for floating point application is low, because of complexity in operations. This creates less interest in making FPGAs for use in floating point applications. So we are going for the reconfigurable floating point multiplier which provides better utilization of the multiplier in all applications and functions. This performs double precision operation or single precision operation. The credibility of our multiplier is tested using a standard bench mark circuit namely 4 tap FIR filter. The implementation shows a better performance with respect to delay.
Keywords:	Double Precision, Single Precision, Reconfigurable, Floating Point Multiplier (FPM), FIR Filter.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	APPLICATION OF SPECTRUM EXPRESSION AND INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS IN COMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF MIXED PIGMENT
Author:	GONGMING WANG, ZHIYONH LIU
Abstract:	Reflectance spectroscopy (RS) is suitable for the composition analysis of mixed pigment, because the corresponding basic pigment can be determined by calculating the spectrum similarity. However, the spectrum similarity between known pigment and mixed pigment may be not the one between known pigment and the most similar basic pigment, and the known pigment with the largest spectrum similarity may be not the highest proportion of mixed pigment, due to the possible relationship among the basic pigments. Thus, it is easy to affect the accuracy of composition analysis. In this study, a composition analysis method of mixed pigment based on spectrum expression and independent component analysis (ICA) is proposed. First of all, the spectral information of mixed pigment is obtained with spectrometer, and is expressed as the mixed signal. After that, the independent signal (spectrum of basic pigment) is generated with ICA. Then, the type of basic pigment is determined by calculating the spectrum similarity between basic pigment and known pigment. Finally, the percentage of basic pigments is obtained by solving Kubelka-Munk equation system. To validate this method, the 4, 5, 6 simulated spectrums were mixed from four spectrums of Munsell color card, and the experiments were carried out in two aspects. On the one hand, the composition analysis of three groups of original simulated spectrums was executed. On the other hand, each group was mixed with one disturbance spectrum in order to test the anti-interference performance of this method. The separated curve is very similar to the original curve. The average similarity is 96.29%, and the maximum one can reach to 98.37%. The calculated percentage of basic pigment closes to the original one. It can be seen that this method is suitable for composition analysis of mixed pigment.
Keywords:	Color, Composition Analysis, Spectrum, Similarity, Independent Component Analysis, Munsell
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ONTOLOGY AND RULE-BASED MODEL FOR EXTRACTING SEMANTIC CONTENT IN VIDEOS
Author:	KARTHIK GANESH.R, Dr.R.KANTHAVEL, ALEXANDRIYA CELIN.V
Abstract:	As a large amount of video based applications becomes widely available, there is a need to extract the semantic data in videos. Manual techniques, which are inefficient and subjective and costly in time, bound querying capabilities and bridge gap between low-level representative feature and high level semantic content. For the deeper understanding apart from the raw data and low-level features, the content at semantic level is required. The existing periodicity mining was based on audio retrieval which cannot be applied to the video. Optical flow algorithm is used to track the direction of the spatial movements between two image frames. Ontology provides a vast domain applicable rule production set that allows the user to construct the domain. Rule based model use the spatial/temporal relations to extract the definitions. The moving regions are extracted by the Graph-Based Visual Saliency (GPVS) algorithm and it detects the temporal locations. The phase correlation method is a well-known image mining technique in multimedia data which has main application in coordination of frames.
Keywords:	Spatial Movement, Ontology, Spatial/Temporal Relation, Rule Based Model, Phase Correlation.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS AFFECTED BY SOA ADOPTION: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW (2008-2013)
Author:	NAGHMEH NIKNEJAD, IMRAN GHANI, AB RAZAK CHE HUSSIN
Abstract:	Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) adoption is known as an evolutionary process. In this process of adoption, a number of areas in an organization are affected. However, there are a limited number of researches that focus on the effects of SOA adoption in an organization. This study investigated the significant organizational factors affected by SOA adoption during the last six years. The study focused on factors such as governance, strategy, complexity, Return on Investment (ROI), business and IT alignment etc. The findings of this study show SOA governance and cost issues are known as critical success factors in the most studies.
Keywords:	Service Oriented Architecture, SOA Adoption, Potential Factors, Influential Factors, Organizational Factors, Survey. Review
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN APPROACH BASED ON BAND TO PREDICT FAULT LOCALIZATION IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
Author:	NETHAJI , CHANDRASEKAR
Abstract:	Despite the advancement in software tools and processes, bugs are prevalent in many systems. There is a need to develop a system with automated means to help reduce software debugging cost. One important confront in debugging is to restrict the root cause of program failures. GenProg uses an extensive structure of genetic programming to develop a program variant that retains essential functionality but it is not vulnerable to a known deficiency. The existing software testing suite identifies program faults in cloud environment. Structural differencing algorithms and delta debugging minimizes the dissimilarity among variant and the original program in terms of minimum repair. GenProg are not more sophisticated with the localization technique and ranking are not performed with different acceptable patches in software testing. Subsequently, Fault Localization based on Band (FLB) mechanism is introduced to overcome the faults and rank the different acceptable patches. Fault Localization based on Band outputs an ordered list of program elements sorted based on their likelihood. Based on the likelihood, the root cause for a set of failures is identified in cloud environment. Band based fault localization extracts the number of features in standard cloud that are potentially associated to the usefulness of fault localization in software testing. It builds machine learning process and these feature values discover out a discriminative model that is significant to predict the fault localization and effectiveness in ranking. An experimental evaluation is carried out with the Amazon EC2 dataset to estimate the performance of the proposed FLB mechanism with GenProg. Performance metric for evaluation of FLB is measured in terms of CPU utilization, percent time overhead, communication cost, average auditing time, normalized throughput and performance counter.
Keywords:	Fault Localization, Amazon EC2 dataset, Genetic programming, Software Testing, Machine Learning process, Discriminative model, Structural Differencing Algorithms.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PARALLELIZED HIERARCHICAL EXPECTED MATCHING PROBABILITY FOR MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT
Author:	KEDHAR M, DR. M. RAJASEKHARA BABU, MAYANK G, ABHINIVESH M
Abstract:	Sequence alignment of two or more than two biological sequences such as protein, DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (Ribonucleic acid) is called MSA (Multiple Sequence Alignment). Sequence homology can be inferred from the resulting MSA. Existing System uses dynamic programming technique which suffers from exponential growth of time as the sequence grows. A Hierarchical Expected Matching Probability (HEP) Matrix scoring technique improves accuracy but it consumes more time. This paper presents an implementation of HEP on GPU’s to speed up the Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA). The experiment results shown that there is 25% accuracy of MSA and also 4% of speedup.
Keywords:	Multiple Sequence Alignment, Hierarchical Expected Matching Probability, Protein Residue Conservation, Scoring Matrix, Protein And DNA Sequence, Heterogeneous Environment
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL MODE NOISE SEPERATION FOR POWER SUPPLIES
Author:	G.THIAGU, Dr.R.DHANASEKARAN
Abstract:	In switching power circuits, due to the rapid switching of high current and high voltage, interference emission is created a serious problem. With the increase in switching frequency, possibility of interference also increases. When the interference is strong enough, then it can affect the normal working of associated circuits also. Electric and magnetic fields exist in any operating electric circuit. The current flowing in the circuit generates a magnetic field. For such a current to flow, there must be a potential difference, which produces an electric field. These fields can exist in any substance, including a vacuum. If they are strong enough, they make it possible for one electrical device to affect another. When this occurs unintentionally, it is known as electromagnetic interference, commonly abbreviated as EMI and often simply called as ‘noise’.
Keywords:	Differential mode noise, Common mode noise, LISN, switch mode power supply, EUT,EMC
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ENERGY AND LOAD AWARE STABILITY ROUTING FOR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK
Author:	P. SRINIVASAN, S.P.SHANTHARAJAH
Abstract:	Due to mobility, the topology of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) changes frequently, making it more difficult to find routes that last for the entire duration of data transfer. Energy awareness and congestion control is becoming a crucial factor in the design of routing protocols. Satisfying both stability and energy constraints is a complex task. In this paper, we propose a novel, Energy and Load Aware Stability based Routing (ELSR-AODV) protocol that integrates energy and load metrics into stability routing to alleviate congestion and improve the performance of the network through cross layer approach. This model computes the reliability factor based on the link stability and the residual energy of the intermediate nodes, where load balancing mechanisms is incorporated to sustain the network functionality. It is simulated using ns2, under different mobility conditions. This protocol is compared with other similar routing protocols: LAER, PERRA. Our experimental results show better performance in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio, Control Overhead and Network Lifetime.
Keywords:	MAN ET, Reliable Routing, Route Stability, Energy-aware routing, Congestion Control.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A TRIANGULAR MATRIX ROUTING TABLE REPRESENTATION FOR EFFICIENT ROUTING IN MANET
Author:	ABD AL-RAZAK TAREQ RAHEM, MAHAMOD ISMAIL, AWS SAAD
Abstract:	To improve the routing efficiency of a MANET, two issues need to be investigated: routing table size and path selection from source to destination. Given that routing performance depends on routing table size, which is determined by the number of nodes, a detailed table representation is required. In this study, we propose a triangular routing table representation to improve routing performance. By using a low triangular matrix, routing information can be transferred between nodes more efficiently by using a smaller memory size than the memory size used by conventional routing tables. The proposed routing representation is validated by simulating 25 MANET nodes that are generated randomly by shortest path selection. The simulation shows that the proposed approach significantly reduces the memory size in transfer routing information. Besides, it is proved through using 255 nodes that they require only 3.95 KB of memory size, which does not monopolize the throughput of a network.
Keywords:	Routing protocol, Routing table, Topology, Triangular matrix, Routing Triangular Matrix RTM.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	GA AND ACO TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALOG CIRCUITS DESIGN OPTIMIZATION
Author:	BACHIR BENHALA, OMAR BOUATTANE
Abstract:	In this paper we propose a comparison between two population-based metaheuristic techniques, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), to make easier the sizing of analog circuits with optimal objective functions. The paper details the corresponding algorithms and highlights the optimal design of a positive second generation current conveyor (CCII+) and an active filter circuit. The computing time and robustness of both algorithms are checked. SPICE simulation is used to validate the obtained sizing/performances.
Keywords:	Metaheuristic, Ant Colony Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, Current Conveyors, Second Order Low-pass Filter.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FUZZY RULE SET BASED FETAL HEART RATE DETECTION AND SEPARATION USING WAVELET SIGNAL ANALYSIS UNDER VARIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL MOMENTS
Author:	M.SENTHIL VADIVU, DR.S.PALANI
Abstract:	The maternal heart rate detection becomes more important in medical solutions where the human ECG consists of different a component which represents different activity of heart rooms. The fetal heart rate has to be monitored at different situations of maternal activity. The human heart wave differs with different psychological and physical changes also affects the heart rate of the fetal also. We propose a heuristic approach which detects and separate the fetal heart rate from the mother using wavelet analysis and fuzzy rule set. The rules set consist of variety of rules for different psychological moments which represent the possible heart rate and values of different components of ECG. Using the rule set maintained, the fetal heart rate can be easily identified at different situations of the patient, which supports the medical practitioner to go through the medical procedures. The proposed method has produced higher rate of detection accuracy which makes the separation process an easier one.
Keywords:	Fuzzy Systems, Rule Sets, ECG, Wavelet Analysis.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	QOS BASED COST EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN CLOUD
Author:	S.P.JENO LOVESUM, DR.K.KRISHNAMOORTHY, BLESSED PRINCE. P
Abstract:	Resource allocation is one of the important challenges in cloud computing environment. It depends on how to allocate the resource to the particular task. Resource allocation can be done by two methods. One of the method statically allocates the resources and other dynamically allocates the resources. Two methods are having advantages and disadvantages according to its processing environments. In this paper we are considering the QOS parameters specified by the user to allocate the resource so that the resource allocation can be done in a cost effective manner. As cost is an important factor we try to minimize the memory wastage which is taken as a QOS factor and the algorithm tries to allocate the resource in such a way that there is minimal memory wastage. Most of the previous methods consider only cost and time as QOS parameters. But in our method we have considered memory wastage, throughput, response time, cpu utilization, as the QOS parameters which has to be satisfied for the users. So our method handles multi QOS requirement tasks efficiently.
Keywords:	Cloud, VM, Resource, QOS, Memory
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	TEXT MINING ALGORITHM DISCOTEX (DIS-COVERY FROM TEXT EXTRACTION) WITH INFORMATION EXTRACTION
Author:	Dr.T..LALITHA, S.MEENAKSHI
Abstract:	Text mining concerns looking for patterns in unstructured text. The related task of Information Extraction (IE) is about locating specific items in natural-language documents. This paper presents a framework for text mining, called DISCOTEX (Discovery from Text EXtraction), using a learned information extraction system to transform text into more structured data which is then mined for interesting relationships. The initial version of DISCOTEX integrates an IE module acquired by an IE learning system, and a standard rule induction module. In addition, rules mined from a database extracted from a corpus of texts are used to predict additional information to extract from future documents, thereby improving the recall of the underlying extraction system. Encouraging results are presented on applying these techniques to a corpus of computer job announcement postings from an Internet newsgroup.
Keywords:	Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining,Text mining,Information Extraction,Discovered Knowledge
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	CERTAIN INVESTIGATIONS ON REMOTE SENSING BASED WAVELET COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND AREA
Author:	R.KOUSALYADEVI, J.SUGANTHI
Abstract:	Remote sensing data is highly useful for creating or updating base maps and detecting the major changes in land use and land cover. Usually there are lots of differences between Toposheet and RS images. Change in land use pattern can be analysed by RS images. Conversion of land cover into land use can be monitored by subsequent follow up of RS images and depending upon the land classes like forest, agriculture and desert, the updating may vary. This image contains huge volume of data. Instead of using the entire data for land use land cover mapping, the compressed images can also be used for mapping purposes. In this paper the Landsat5 agricultural image is compressed using discrete wavelet transform and the quality has been analysed using the parameters compression ratio, peak signal to noise ratio and digital number values. Using the digital number values the spectral signature graph is drawn. Finally Coif3 wavelet is selected for land use and land cover mapping of agricultural area based on high CR, PSNR and minimum cumulative error of the digital number values.
Keywords:	Compression Ratio (CR), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Digital Number (DN), Image Classification, Error Matrix.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	GENETICALLY OPTIMIZED PRECODERS FOR HIGHER TRANSMIT DIVERSITY IN SINGLE USER MIMO
Author:	P.SATYANARAYANA, DR.S.SRIGOWRI, 3 DR.B.PRABHAKARARAO
Abstract:	Wireless communications depends on multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) techniques for high data rates. Feedback of channel information can be used in pre-coding to use the strongest channel mode and improve MIMO performance. This paper proposes genetic algorithm to optimize codebook for Alamouti and OSTBC pre-coding technique to enhance the Performance of MIMO system. The Simulation and Result shows that proposed optimized codebook provides improved bit error rate than the conventional rotating codebooks.
Keywords:	MIMO, Alamouti, OSTBC, Genetic Algorithm, Pre-coded Alamouti, Pre-coded OSTBC, CSIT
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ASSEMBLER DESIGN TECHNIQUES FOR A RECONFIGURABLE SOFT-CORE PROCESSOR
Author:	SANI IRWAN MD SALIM, HAMZAH ASYRANI SULAIMAN, NOR RAHIMAH JAMALUDDIN, LIZAWATI SALEHUDDIN, MUHAMMAD NOORAZLAN SHAH ZAINUDIN, YEWGUAN SOO
Abstract:	The reconfigurable processor design which utilizes platform such as Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has offered several advantages in minimizing the non-recurring engineering cost and to reduce the time-to-market for processor-based products. However, when any modification is made to the processor architecture, the same information needs to be relayed to the assembler in order to generate the correct object files. This paper presents the assembler design techniques for a reconfigurable reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processor called UTeMRISC03. The processor is a soft-core processor, which is described in Verilog and its instruction set architecture (ISA) has been expanded to include a custom instruction. Thus, the assembler would have to adjust according to the changes being made to the ISA. One-pass and two-pass techniques have been adopted during the construction of the assembler and the generated object files are used as the initialization files during the FPGA implementation of the processor core. The assembler has been successfully developed by using both techniques and the object files are verified by executing the processor core in the Xilinx Spartan-3A FPGA chip. For comparisons, the assembling execution times for both techniques have been recorded and the one-pass technique has been able to complete the assembling process in half of the time it took for two-pass technique. The design techniques adopted in this paper will serve as the base platform with the aim of establishing a full-customizable assembler for reconfigurable soft-core processor in the near future.
Keywords:	Assembler, Reconfigurable Processor, FPGA
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A STUDY OF BLOGGERS’ EMOTIONAL CONTAGION AND TRAVEL INTENTION
Author:	YI-CHIH LEE, WEI-LI WU, CHIA-KO LEE
Abstract:	Theme parks have become a mainstream of development in the leisure industry in Taiwan. This study chose bloggers as research subjects in order to study the correlation between bloggers’ emotional influences and the allure of their blogs, and to further examine whether these blogs stimulate tourists’ behavioral intention to visit theme parks. The results revealed that bloggers’ perception while they are reading blog information is susceptible to the influence of emotional contagion. In addition, blog usefulness, blog appeal, and brand appeal of theme parks all cast an influence on the public’s behavioral intention to visit theme parks.
Keywords:	Emotional Contagion, The Attractiveness Of Blogs, Blog Usefulness, The Attractiveness Of Brands, Behavioral Intention
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN EFFICIENT MULTIRESOLUTION IMAGE DENOISING USING SMOOTHING SPLINE ESTIMATION
Author:	G.M. RAJATHI, DR.R. RANGARAJAN
Abstract:	The image data is normally corrupted by additive noise during acquisition. This reduces the accuracy and reliability of any automatic analysis. For this reason, denoising methods are often applied to restore the original image. The effectiveness of image denoising depends on the estimation of noise variance of noisy image. In this paper, the Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) is used, which offers simultaneous localization in time and frequency domain and the noise variance is estimated using Smoothing Spline Estimation method. Multiresolution bilateral filter is the extension of bilateral filter. Bilateral filter is a nonlinear filter that does spatial averaging without smoothing out the edges. Multiresolution bilateral filtering is applied to the approximation sub bands of the transformed noisy image and thresholding is applied to the detailed sub bands which uses the estimated noise variance. With this process, a better PSNR is achieved.
Keywords:	Denoising, Smoothing Spline Estimation, Multiresolution Bilateral Filter, Noise Variance, Thresholding, Discrete Wavelet Transform.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	RECOGNITION AND CORRECTION OF FLEXIBLE ERROR USING MULTI-LEVEL REDUNDANT RESIDUE NUMBER SYSTEM IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	MOHANNA FARZIN, HAMED BARANGI, HOSSEIN BAKHSHIZADEH, RAMTIN BIDAR
Abstract:	The application of wireless sensor networks is inevitable in today’s life. Here, we can refer to some challenges of designing wireless sensor networks containing: high error rate in sending the information, high throughput, low speed and low security of these networks. In this paper, we used the residue number system in order to solve these problems and improve system performance. Evaluations show that our proposed method has higher speed and lower throughput and it has the capability of recognizing and correcting more errors in comparison with previous proposed systems.
Keywords:	Redundant Residue Number, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Multi-level Redundant Residue Number System
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ANONYMOUS WEB BROWSING AGAINST TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ATTACKS BY REUSING THE CACHE MEMORY
Author:	JEEVAA KATIRAVAN , N.DURAIPANDIAN
Abstract:	Anonymous web browsing is a hot topic with many potential applications for privacy reasons. However, there are few such systems which can provide high level anonymity for web browsing. The reason is the current dominant dummy packet padding method for anonymization against traffic analysis attacks. This method inherits huge delay and bandwidth waste, which inhibits its use for web browsing. In this paper, we propose a predicted packet padding strategy for the case of infinite cache size to replace the dummy packet padding method for anonymous web browsing systems. The proposed strategy reduces the delay and bandwidth waste. We therefore present the same predicted packet padding algorithm for the case of finite cache size. We formulated the traffic analysis attack and defense problem, and defined a metric, cost coefficient of anonymization (CCA), to measure the performance of anonymization. We thoroughly analyzed the problem with the characteristics of web browsing and concluded that the proposed strategy is better than the current dummy packet padding strategy in theory.
Keywords:	Anonymous Web Browsing, Predicted Packet Padding and Finite Cache Memo
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	IMAGE RETRIEVAL USING COLOR-SIZE MOMENTS AND WAVELET FEATURES
Author:	MR.N.PUVIARASAN, DR.R.BHAVANI, MS.T.S.ARTHI
Abstract:	The rapid growth of digital imaging techniques and versatility among the images has motivated the development of Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). CBIR is the application of computer vision techniques which uses the visual contents to retrieve relevant images from large databases according to user’s interests. The visual contents (color, texture, shape etc) serve as the features for the images. Features are measurements of extreme interest analysed from an image. This paper proposes a novel combined Color-Size and texture features for CBIR system. A new type of visual feature named Color-Size feature which integrates the information of both color and size of the image in terms of number of segments is proposed. To implement the system, initially the images are segmented using Watershed segmentation approach. Different images would yield different number of segments that has to be taken into account for the extraction of features. From the segmented image the Color-Size features are extracted using Color-Size Moments. Gabor filter and Haar wavelet are employed to extract texture features. Then the combination of color-size and texture features is formed. The feature extraction process is accomplished for both the query image and images stored in database. Finally, the relevant images are retrieved for the given user’s query image.
Keywords:	Computer vision, Content Based Image Retrieval, Color-Size Moments, Visual features, Watershed approach
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE OF TCP TAHOE AND SACK OVER LOOP-FREE MULTIPATH REACTIVE ROUTING PROTOCOL IN MANET
Author:	M.SYED MASOOD, DR.P.SHEIK ABDUL KHADER, DR.A.MOHAMED ABBAS
Abstract:	A few numbers of packets are locked in the network for random time periods may occur due to the mobility of nodes in Mobile Ad hoc networks, “This problem may leads to packet drop, as it stays longer time period in the loop than the allowable Time to Live (TTL) value”. The objective of the paper is to provide Loop-Free Multipath routing to reduce the packet drop and hence the network performance will be enhanced. In this paper, our proposed work of “Loop-free Multipath Probabilistic Scheme based AODV (LMPSAODV)” is simulated using network simulator NS-2.34 to evaluate network performance and the results are presented on various scenarios in terms of packet delivery ratio (PDR), total dropped packets, routing overhead, end-to-end delay and retransmission rate. The performance will be measured with two different TCP variants namely TCP Tahoe and SACK. Each TCP variant uses different ways of congestion control algorithm. The simulation result shows that “the performance of LMPSAODV with TCP SACK performs better to the changing network sizes”.
Keywords:	Loop-Free Multipath, TCP Tahoe, TCP SACK, Packet Delivery Ratio and Routing Overhead.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN EFFICIENT DATA HIDING USING HEXADECIMAL SUDOKU FOR STEGANOGRAPHY
Author:	PREMAMAYUDU BULLA, RAGHUNATH AKKINENI, SUBBA RAO PERAM, NAGABHUSHANAM DASARI
Abstract:	This paper proposed an improved data hiding steganographic scheme using Sudoku puzzle, which can be utilize to identify least distortion pixel value of selected pixel from the digital image with respect to secret digit. The scheme calculates three components for the selected pixel from the Sudoku puzzle based on the secret digit. The proposed scheme does not affect the visual quality of the stego-image. This work is simulated in the MAT LAB and presented results. The performance of scheme is compared with the existing methods with respect to image distortion. The quality of the steg-image is also verified using image assessment parameters PSNR and MSE.
Keywords:	Image Steganography, Data Hiding, Steganalysis, Sudoku Solution, Stego-image.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN ENHANCED TRUST AUTHORIZATION BASED WEB SERVICES ACCESS CONTROL MODEL
Author:	R.JOSEPH MANOJ, A.CHANDRASEKAR
Abstract:	With the increasing tendency among business organizations to move around the web services platform, Web services paradigm creates new security challenges which can only be realized by developing effective access control models. Now a day service provider’s big challenge is detecting and preventing malicious requesters or behaviours. In order to evade malicious requesters or behaviors, the service providers who allows service requester to access the web services, requires development of access control models that can capture relevant information about a service requester at the time of access request and incorporate this information for making effective access control decisions. This proposed system provides an enhanced approach to detect and prevent IP address spoofing, SQL injection to avoid unauthorized users and capture relevant information such as network conditions, frequency of access, timeout, success rate, failure rate etc., about a service requester and establish trust value. Based on the trust value the honest and active users will be allowed to access the service otherwise their trust value will be decreased and not be allowed to access the service. So this method would control malicious requesters to access the web services and make the authorization process effective. This paper also compares existing system and proposed system and verifies the performance and correctness of the proposed work based on simulation results from a prototype implementation.
Keywords:	Web Services, Trust based Access Control, Access model for service requester, Trust Authorization Model
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF COOPERATION AND NON COOPERATION OF RELAY NODES IN COGNITIVE RADIO AD HOC NETWORKS - A GAME THEORETIC APPROACH
Author:	A.BABIYOLA , V.CYRIL RAJ
Abstract:	Cognitive radio (CR) technology is a solution to solve the problems in wireless networks resulting from the limited available spectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage by exploiting the existing wireless spectrum opportunistically. CR networks, equipped with the intrinsic capabilities of the cognitive radio, will provide an ultimate spectrum aware communication paradigm in wireless communications. In cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHN’s), the relay selection with user cooperation could be advantageous to both primary and secondary transmissions. This paper deals with both cooperative and non cooperative relay node games. In cooperative games, players collaborate with each other to jointly maximize the total utility of the game. In non-cooperative game, each player selfishly maximizes its own stationary utility function to reach the best response Nash equilibrium strategies. The Non co operation of Relay nodes can be converted into co operative nodes based on Markov Process. The results reveal, the summation of node utilities in cooperation nodes is always greater than non-cooperative relay nodes and the relay node should be selected and configured according to the system requirements in order to improve the performance of cooperative cognitive radio ad hoc networks
Keywords:	Cognitive Radio Adhoc networks, Nash Equilibrium, Markovian processes, Ergodic process
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A FRAMEWORK OF INFORMATION SECURITY CULTURE CHANGE
Author:	AREEJ ALHOGAIL, DR. ABDULRAHMAN MIRZA
Abstract:	Establishing information security culture within an organization may include transformation of how employees interact with the information assets which may be challenged with resistance, fear or confusion. Change management skills could assist organization members to smoothly adapt to the new culture. The use of change management in information security culture has been rarely investigated in the literature and very few models have been offered. This paper reviews the available change management models that have been used in information security management. Then it integrates a set of change management principles that were proposed in the literature and combine them to a comprehensive multistep framework that support and guide the transition in information security culture change within organizations. Moreover, the principles will be the base of suggestion of the appropriate guideline to support the effective implementation of change in information security culture. The framework provides guidance to information security professionals and academic researchers in taking proactive steps and measures to facilitate the culture change.
Keywords:	Change management, Information security culture, Culture change.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	CATEGORIZATION OF ICT ROLE FOR SERVICE-BASED SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Author:	NADHMI GAZEM, AZIZAH ABDUL RAHMAN
Abstract:	Information and communications technology (ICT) has a high impact on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) business. It enhances SMEs capacity for innovation and adds greater value to their service in order to attract more customers and produce greater returns to the company. The purpose of this paper is to categorize ICT available in the market for SMEs according to its roles. The study used different examples from the literature review and from the authors’ observation of ICT solutions in the market. The output of this study developed new ICT categories such as automating devices, knowledge dissemination, business productivity systems, contacting, entertaining, marketing, storage, tracking, and transactions technology. Moreover, in order to demonstrate the usability of these categories, the authors have conducted preliminary integration of ICT categories with different service types. The findings of this integration offer managers different ways to think about the existing services and choose the most suitable ICT categories that can help to improve services operations or create new services.
Keywords:	Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME), Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Service Sector, Customers Service, Services Redesign.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	COMPUTER AIDED DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM FOR BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION AND SEGMENTATION
Author:	A.LAKSHMI, Dr.T.ARIVOLI
Abstract:	Abnormal cell growth leads to tumor in the brain cells. Earlier detection, diagnosis and proper treatment of brain tumor is essential to prevent human death. An effective brain tumor segmentation of MR image is an essential task in medical field. In this paper, a computer aided development of diagnosis system for brain tumor detection is proposed. The proposed work consists of four stages namely preprocessing, feature extraction, ANFIS Classifier and morphological operations to detect, segment and diagnose the brain tumor regions. Before going to segmentation the preprocessing is carried out since preprocessing makes the image ready for further segmentation. The performance of tumor segmentation are analyzed with the following factors similarity index (SI), extra fraction (EF), overlap fraction (OF) and accuracy, whose values are obtained as 0.78, 0.0098, 0.723 and 99.4% respectively. The results obtained in this paper shows that the proposed work is superior over the other state- of- art-techniques.
Keywords:	Brain tumor, classifier, diagnosis system, similarity index, Extra fraction and overlap fraction.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	DECENTRALIZED PI CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR NON LINEAR MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS BASED ON IDEAL DECOUPLER
Author:	D.ANGELINE VIJULA, Dr.N.DEVARAJAN
Abstract:	This paper presents a multivariable controller design based on ideal Decoupler with high closed-loop system performance and robustness. The method is effective despite the values and positions of the right half plane zero. The validity of the proposed multivariable control system design and controller tuning is confirmed through simulation results using a benchmark four tank system, which is a Two input Two output (2x2) process and a real time boiler turbine system which is a Three-Input Three-Output (3x3) process.
Keywords:	Multivariable control, Ideal decoupler, Quadruple tank system, Boiler Turbine System, Decentralized PI controller.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 June 2014 -- Vol. 64. No. 2 -- 2014
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