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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
April 2014 | Vol. 62 No.3

Title:	LINKED OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA AS BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE IN PREDICTING FOREST FIRE
Author:	GURUH FAJAR SHIDIK, AHMAD ASHARI
Abstract:	Nowadays with linked open data, we can access numerous data over the world that more easily and semantically. This research focus on technique for accessing linked open government data LOGD from SPARQL Endpoint for resulting time series historical of Forest Fire data. Moreover, the data will automatically uses as background knowledge for predicting the number of forest fire and size of burn area with machine learning. By using this technique, LOGD could be used as an online background knowledge that provide time series data for predicting trend of fire disaster. In evaluation, mean square error MSE and root mean square error RMSE are used to evaluate the performance of prediction in this research. We also compare several algorithm such as Linear Regression, Neural Network and SVM in different window size.
Keywords:	Linked Open Government Data, Forest Fire Prediction, Time Series Data, Data Mining.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	ON LONG-RANGE-DEPENDENCE SYNTHETIC DATA GENERATION THROUGH HEAVY-TAILED DISTRIBUTIONS
Author:	ABDULLAH S. BALAMASH
Abstract:	Comprehensive analysis of the Internet traffic conducted over the last decade revealed the concept of long-range dependence (LRD) in the collected data traces. Some of this analysis work proved that this property is a result of the heavy tailed distribution of the packet inter-arrival time, which is a result of the heavy tailed distribution of packet size of the traffic sources. In this paper, we use this fact to build a traffic generator model that is based on multiplexing sources of heavy-tailed inter-arrival times and then counting the number of arrivals in the successive periods of length T. To come up with a parameterized model, we also study the effect of the heavy tailed distribution parameters (i.e. the Pareto distribution), and the time scale along with the number of multiplexed sources on the LRD of the generated traffic. Our model is different from the on/off models proposed in the literature that need to multiplex a very large number of sources, while we need only a few sources. Our findings are; 1. The LRD level is higher for sources with heavier tails; 2. There is a need to multiplex only a few sources; 3. The LRD level is higher for larger time scales; 4. Fixing the time scale and tuning the tail of the distribution helps us to come up with a parameterized linear model that only has one parameter, which is the Hurst parameter.
Keywords:	Data generation; Heavy-Tailed Distributions; Long range dependence; Self-similarity
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	OPTIMIZATION OF TRANSACTION PROCESSING IN CLOUD DATABASES THROUGH A DATACENTER SYSTEM DESIGN CRACS TO IMPROVE REPLICA CONSISTENCY, AVAILABILITY AND SCALABILITY
Author:	R. ANANDHI, DR. K. CHITRA
Abstract:	It is obvious that tremendous achievements have been emerged in IT industries at various sectors. If we have a keen look, all the technologies are revolving around a single word �DATA�. All techniques are trying to improve the read and write of data from and to the database. Usually read and write are referred by common word called �transactions�. Cloud Computing is one of those technologies that involves execution of Database transactions. This paper provides a system model called CRACS which maintains atomicity, isolation, consistency and durability of transactions at NOSQL databases which usually try to deviate from above said properties of transactions.
Keywords:	ACID, BASE, Cloud Computing, Consistency, Datacenter, Transactions.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A MICROCONTROLLER-BASED AUTOMATIC HEART RATE COUNTING SYSTEM FROM FINGERTIP
Author:	MAMUN, A. L., AHMED, N., ALQAHTANI, M., ALTWIJRI, O., RAHMAN, M., AHAMED, N.U., RAHMAN, S.A.M.M., AHMAD, R.B., SUNDARAJ, K.
Abstract:	This article describes the design process of a low cost and portable microcontroller based heart-rate counting system for monitoring heart condition that can be implemented with off-the-shelf components. The raw heart-rate signals were collected from finger using IR TX-RX (Infrared Transmitter and Receiver pair) module which was amplified in order to convert them to an observable scale. The inherent noise signal was then eliminated using a low pass filter. These signals were counted by a microcontroller module (ATmega8L) and displayed on the LCD panel. An algorithm has been developed which was programmed into the microcontroller to run the proposed heart rate counting system. The results obtained using the developed device when compared to those obtained from the manual test involving counting of heart rate was found satisfactory. The proposed system is applicable for family, hospital, clinic, community medical treatment, sports healthcare and other medical purposes. Also, fit for the adults and the pediatrics. However, presented method in the developed system needs further investigation and need more functionality, which may be useful to consider advance in future research.
Keywords:	Heart Rate, Microcontroller, Finger-Trip, Sensor.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF ROBUST CALL ADMISSION CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR QOS SUPPORT OVER FUTURE GENERATION WIRELESS HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS
Author:	G.NANTHA KUMAR, DR. A.AROKIASAMY
Abstract:	Admission Control plays a remarkable role in dealing with lots of wireless heterogeneous networks which may admit new sessions for a network with most conquer aspect to supply the requested QoS. To keep off the abjection of QoS under the low priority sessions here, we nominate a QoS based Robust Call Admission Control (RCAC) Algorithm. The service classes are assorted into four major categories on the basis of class of service and type of service, which could be reacted on the real time and non real time traffics along with handover and incoming new request. The algorithm concentrates on providing priority based on transmission and space. This algorithm trying to downplays the blocked sessions that have been chosen with deficient resources around the network. With the help of simulated results and graph, we display that our suggested technique affords improve throughput along with cut down in delay.
Keywords:	QoS, Wireless networks, admission control, RCAC (Robust Call Admission Controller), CAC (Call Admission Control)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM BASED H-∞ CONTROL METHOD FOR CONTROLLING SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR (SRM)
Author:	A.RAJENDRAN, S. PADMA
Abstract:	In classical H- Infinity control technique, the uncertainties have parameters namely model error and variation outer disorder. But, the H-infinity control technique is an external control technique. The weight of the transfer function matrix is improved and the system is controlled perfectly by totaling the input weight noise function matrix value and weight uncertainty. The weight of the transfer function matrix is changed at different system state. Therefore, an optimal control weight is needed to make the system robust. The process of finding optimal control weight is complex because the H-infinity control process is a closed loop controller. This would result in fall of control accuracy and also increases the merging time. To overcome these difficulties, in this paper, an optimal H-infinity control concept is proposed. In the proposed control procedure, the optimal transfer function matrix weight is obtained by genetic algorithm (GA) which is an efficient optimization algorithm. The proposed GA based optimal H-infinity control method is implemented in MATLAB. Also, the speed of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) is controlled by the proposed optimal H-infinity control technique and the speed controlling concert is tested with the straight H-infinity control technique. The weight noise setting is obtained for every time instant and optimal weight noise is calculated. The optimal weight noise setting can be attained by H- infinity optimal control using GA approach.
Keywords:	SRM, Speed Control Technique, Optimal H-Infinity Control, Robustness And Genetic Algorithm.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	HIGH SPEED AND AREA EFFICIENT FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF FIR FILTER USING DISTRIBUTED ARITHMETIC
Author:	K.G.SHANTHI, N.NAGARAJAN
Abstract:	In this paper, high speed and area efficient multiplier-less architecture for Finite impulse response filter (FIR) based on distributed arithmetic is presented. The proposed Lookup table less architecture for FIR filter uses the speed advantage of Carry save adder. A modification in the shift accumulator stage yields both high speed and area savings. Furthermore, Memory reduction is possible since there is no Lookup table of precomputed values and only based on the input value the needed coefficient values are calculated. The proposed LUT less architecture was implemented on a Xilinx FPGA device. Number of slices, minimum period and maximum frequency were the performance metrics obtained for different filter orders and the results prove that the proposed method yields higher speed and smaller area when compared with the existing LUT-less architectures.
Keywords:	Finite Impulse Response Filter (FIR), Distributed Arithmetic (DA), Lookup Table (LUT), Carry Save Adder (CSA), Shift Accumulator (SA).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A TEST DATA COMPRESSION SCHEME FOR MINIMIZING TEST DATA VOLUME AND SCAN POWER
Author:	B. MANJURATHI, R. HARIKUMAR, K.S. GANESH KUMAR, KAREN THANGAM JACOB
Abstract:	Testing a system-on-a-chip (SoC), poses serious issues and challenges owing to the large test data volume and large scan power consumption. To reduce the volume of test data and scan power, several test data compression techniques have been proposed. This paper presents a new test data compression scheme, which simultaneously reduces test data volume and power consumption for the requirement of testing a system-on-a-chip (SoC). The proposed approach is based on the use of Hamming Distance based Reordering, MT (Minimum Transition)-fill technique and Variable Prefix Run-length (VPRL) codes for test data compression. These VPRL codes can efficiently compress the data stream of test patterns, that are composed of both runs of 0s and 1s. Experimental results for ISCAS�89 benchmark circuits supports and proves the proposed approach, better to the other existing techniques, by reducing test data volume and scan power consumption.
Keywords:	Hamming distance, MT-Fill, VPRL code, Test data compression, Compression ratio, Average power, Peak power.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A NOVEL HYBRID APPROACH BASED ON GEOMETRIC WAVELETS FOR EFFICIENT IMAGE COMPRESSION
Author:	REHNA. V. J, DR. JEYA KUMAR. M. K
Abstract:	A novel hybrid algorithm based on geometric wavelets for efficient compression of digital images is proposed. The presented work combines the recent segmentation based binary space partition scheme with the popular geometric wavelet coding method to capture the edge singularities in a more effective way and to provide the sparse representation of the image. The BSP scheme uses polar co-ordinate representation of straight line for partitioning the image domain. This improved the choice of bisecting lines available for partitioning thereby enhancing the probability of reducing the cost functional. A new pruning algorithm is tried to optimize the rate distortion curve and achieve the desired bit rate. A new �geometric� context modeling scheme combined with arithmetic coding is designed to boost the performance of the algorithm. The signal-to-noise ratios are compared with state-of-the-art wavelet coders; recent segmentation based algorithms as well as the original geometric wavelet coding algorithm and found that the results outperform the existing methods. The results report a gain of 2.19 dB over the EZW algorithm and 1.35 dB over the SPIHT algorithm at the bit-rate 0.0625 bpp. The presented algorithm shows a gain of 1.01 dB over the original GW algorithm at the compression ratio of 128 for the Lena test image. But for the high computational complexity and hence increased time complexity, the algorithm gives remarkable results in terms of rate-distortion compression.
Keywords:	Binary Space Partition, Geometric Wavelets, Hybrid Coding, Rate-Distortion Compression, Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	CDMA BASED SECURITY FOR WARM-HOLE ATTACKS IN UNDERWATER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK SYSTEM
Author:	K.DURGA DEVI, M.MENAKA
Abstract:	Regular activity of the human is being extended to marine and sub-marine regions. Invention of war activity and marine research on minerals and bio-diversity is leading to install wireless sensor devices in deep underwater system. The underwater sensors and network areas are applied through a number of applications like research, water games, self-defense against enmity, finding of minerals and study of the effect of soil erosion, bio-diversity, and greenhouse effect. Marine weather is having a strong impact on the transmission system. Marine weather imposes highly corrosion, multipath fading, high delay, limiting bandwidth, multi-path fading on the transmission system. Worm-hole is one of the multi paths fading error in underwater sensor technology. A wormhole is caused by the mirror image effect of transmission system from one device to another device. Wormhole causing serious problem like fading of important data, adverse effect on the neighbor devices present in underwater system, illegal data transmission and using valuable bandwidth. To avoid the warm - hole effect on under water network system this method proposes a CDMA based transmission which is having a numbering system for every device present in the network, every node is having a controller which can detect it through calculation method. This technique is an efficient error detecting technique without any overload of extra hardware device and complex protocol.
Keywords:	Underwater Sensors, Worm-Hole, CDMA Technology, And Authentication Check
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DYNAMIC CLOUD PARTITIONING AND LOAD BALANCING IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
Author:	SUGUNA R, DIVYA MOHANDASS, RANJANI R
Abstract:	Cloud Computing is an attracting technology in the field of computer science. Cloud Computing involves sharing of resources. In the event of processing many jobs, the load balancing becomes essential for efficient operation and to improve user satisfaction. This paper introduces the strategic model that performs load balancing as well as dynamic partition of the nodes of different cloud. Different Load balancing strategy is applied for different situations. The algorithm applies game theory to load balancing strategy to improve the efficiency in the cloud environment
Keywords:	Load Balancing; Dynamic Partition, Game Theory, Cloud Partitioning
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EFFECT OF CROSSOVER AND MUTATION OPERATORS ON HAMMING DISTANCE OF THE OFF-SPRINGS IN GENETIC ALGORITHM
Author:	FARHAD NADI, AHAMAD TJUDIN KHADER
Abstract:	Crossover and mutation operators are the only operators that change the values of the loci in genetic algorithm. New solution would be generated using this two operators and with the aid of selection operators the search will be directed towards the promising solutions. The resulted solutions of these operators are highly dependent on their parameters. Crossover operators take two parent solutions as input and create two new offspring solutions which will be resulted from mixing the parent solutions. Mutation operator however, is a unary operator that takes a solution and randomly change the values of some of the loci. The resulted offspring would have different distances from their original parents. In this research the distance of the parent solution and their offspring will be studied. It has been shown that mutation operator could reduce the distance between parent and the off-springs.
Keywords:	Genetic Algorithms, Parameter Control, Parametric uniform crossover, Exploration, Exploitation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	3-D INTERFACE DESIGN OF THE VIRTUAL WORLD IN E-LEARNING
Author:	BENS PARDAMEAN , ALIF WIJAYAKUSUMAH
Abstract:	Digital applications in teaching and learning are becoming more essential. It is believed that an online learning system can significantly improve the quality of education since it transcends time and space, a desirable trait in today�s fast-paced and Internet-laden world. Nowadays, the 3D interface system used as a medium of online learning has further improved the 2D interface system. However, what kind of 3D interface system should be designed to increase students� interaction and engagement with the system? This paper details a 3D interface design that can meet the demands of interactivity and engagement for the system. By applying the Qualitative-Interactive approach, data were collected through literature study and interviews with several experienced practitioners in the field of online learning. Based on the results of data analysis, it was concluded that there were two key features that should be included in the 3D interface design, namely avatar and environment. The presence of both features is expected to increase students� interactivity and engagement within an online learning system. A prototype design was created to depict a more concrete picture on the benefits and the ease of 3D interface system usage, equipped with both avatar and environment features.
Keywords:	E-Learning, 3D Environment, Avatar, 3D Virtual World, Learning Management System, Gesture Animation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PERSONALIZED WEB SEARCH METHODS � A COMPLETE REVIEW
Author:	J.JAYANTHI, DR.S.RATHI
Abstract:	Internet�s foremost information retrieval service is the World Wide Web. It serves as a platform for retrieving variety of information that are associated with research, education , marketing, sports, games, politics, Finance, etc. The utter volume of information growth leads to the information overload on the Internet. Search engines are the collection of programs that facilitates information retrieval from the Internet. Even though the search engines do a good job of retrieving content from the Internet, users often feel disoriented about the result retrieved. Hence, no matter who the user of the search engine is, if the same query is provided as input to the search engine, the results returned will be exactly the same. The need to provide users with information tailored to their needs led to the development of various information personalization techniques. Personalization aims to provide users with what they need either by asking explicitly or implicitly. Web Personalization is conventionally defined as the process of tailoring web pages to satisfy the individual user needs by adapting different approaches. Several personalized web search models were developed based on web link structure, web contents, user queries, user profiles, browsing history etc. A Personalized Web Search has various levels of effectiveness for different users, queries, contexts etc. Personalized search has been a most important research area and many techniques have been developed and tested, still many issues and challenges are yet to be explored. This paper concentrates on the analysis, comparison and application of many personalized web search approaches that are being widely used today .Hence the motivation of this survey is directed towards to understand the web personalization processes, benefits, limitations and future trends.
Keywords:	Data Preprocessing, User Modeling, Page Ranking Strategies, Learning Methods,Personalization.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULTI ATTRIBUTE RANKING MECHANISMS FOR P2P NETWORKS
Author:	SWAMINATHAN B, SHEILA ANAND
Abstract:	P2P systems are distributed, decentralized networks that enhance resource sharing. The decentralized, open and anonymous nature of P2P systems can raise serious concerns for a peer. There is no control or accountability on the content or resources that a peer can share on the network. Hence, the process of selecting the right peer for collaboration and its decision making process becomes difficult. This paper discusses the implementation of three methods of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) models Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) and ELimination and Choice Translating REality (ELECTRE). A detailed comparative study of the three models was performed and the results are presented. From the results it can be inferred that while the execution time for AHP method is higher than that of the other two methods, it has the optimal selection of the given alternatives according to the requirement. PROMETHEE AND ELECTRE support the selection of best choice among the alternatives.
Keywords:	AHP, PROMETHEE, ELECTRE, Collaborate, Decision Making
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGNING AN EMBEDDED COMMUNICATION AID FOR SPEECH IMPAIRED USING XBEE AND GSM
Author:	V. RAMYA, B. PALLANIAPPAN
Abstract:	The speech impaired communicates with normal people in everyday life and they use sign language for communication, but they find difficulty in communicating with others who do not understand sign language. And often they need a support for effective communication and this work aimed to lower this barrier in communication. It is based on the need of developing an electronic device that can translate sign language into speech and text, in order to make the communication take place between the mute communities with the general public. Most of the existing systems are image based gesture recognition system and hence highly expensive, whereas this work has developed a low cost Glove based system. The developed system is a complete portable communication aid for the speech impaired which includes converting the sign language in to speech and text, sending the same as message through GSM and controlling the home appliances through hand gesture. In which a hand glove with a 3 axis MEMS and Flex sensor is connected to the ADC channels of the LPC 2138 Microcontroller (M1). The output values from the MEMS and Flex sensor are transmitted to another LPC 2138 microcontroller (M2) at the receiver section through the XBee module. At the receiver section there are two modes namely, teach and play mode and the desired mode is selected through the switch, which is interfaced with the microcontroller. The first mode is the teach mode, in which the microcontroller stores the sign values in EEPROM corresponding to a letter or word, along with an address and the corresponding voice is recorded in voice IC (APR6016). The second one is the play mode, in which the microcontroller recognizes the sign for the corresponding letter/word and plays back the sound values from the voice IC. The letter or word is then displayed on the LCD and a SMS (Short Message Service) is sent through the GSM modem. The device connected to the relay can be turned ON / OFF as per the sign values stored in the teach mode. is the teach mode, in which the microcontroller stores the sign values in EEPROM corresponding to a letter or word, along with an address and the corresponding voice is recorded in voice IC (APR6016). The second one is the play mode, in which the microcontroller recognizes the sign for the corresponding letter/word and plays back the sound values from the voice IC. The letter or word is then displayed on the LCD and a SMS (Short Message Service) is sent through the GSM modem. The device connected to the relay can be turned ON / OFF as per the sign values stored in the teach mode.
Keywords:	APR6016; ASL; Communication aid; GSM; MEMS; XBee
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGN OF PASSIVE FILTERS FOR REDUCING HARMONIC DISTORTION AND CORRECTING POWER FACTOR IN TWO PULSE RECTIFIER SYSTEMS USING OPTIMIZATION
Author:	D.MAHESWARAN, N.RAJASEKAR, L.ASHOK KUMAR
Abstract:	This work presents a method capable of designing passive filters to reduce harmonic distortion and correct the power factor in two pulse Rectifier system. The optimization process considers the discrete nature of the size of the element of the filter. This new formulation is a combinatorial optimization problem with a non-differentiable objective function. In addition a solution methodology based on an optimization technique Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed to determine the size of filters. The steps involved in GA are clearly explained. Simulation and experimental results for GA based design are presented.
Keywords:	Filters, Optimization, Power System Harmonics, Power Quality, Total Harmonic Distortion.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH TO TROPICAL CYCLONE EYE LOCATION (TCEL) USING INDIAN GEOSTATIONARY METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY
Author:	R. SENTHILKUMAR Dr.K. PORKUMARAN
Abstract:	This paper presents the applications of image processing specifically using Indian meteorological satellite imageries. The eye is the very important characteristics of a mature Tropical cyclone (TC) and realization their location is very difficult for weather forecast. In order to improve the objectivity and precision of the location of TC, a novel intelligent and automatic system frame work will be proposed to locate the tropical cyclone center, based on Indian Geostationary Meteorological satellite imageries. In this paper, a Fuzzy logic based algorithm presented for extraction of tropical cyclones eye location from geostationary meteorological satellite imagery. As the shapes and features of the atmospheric systems observed in satellite imagery are inherently ambiguous, fuzzy logic seems an appropriate tool for feature extraction. The proposed computing methodology produced in this paper was applied in experimental cyclone forecasting by the joint typhoon warning center (JTWC). The probability of detecting the system is effective and the performance errors are well quite acceptable for actual practical implementation.
Keywords:	Tropical Cyclone, Eye, Center Location, Satellite Cloud Image, TCEL, VHRR, VIS, TIR, WV.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	SECURITY ENHANCEMENT IN VIDEO WATERMARKING USING WAVELET TRANSFORM
Author:	B.SRIDHAR, C.ARUN
Abstract:	Video watermarking distinguishes to make clear the issue of unlawful control and conveyance of information. Watermarking is the knowledge of concealment the information into host such that the embedded data is imperceptible. In our system, the secret color information is divided into notable pieces and conceals selected frames under the wavelet domain. Consequently the watermark is arranged properly in accordance with the human visual framework which makes them unobservable. Additionally the position of the secret data is settled on the cover image, and flows along with moving objects, thus the motion artifacts can be avoided. The different watermarked frame extraction guarantees that the watermark might be effectively recovered from a quite short fragment of video. Inserted watermark is less detectable as well as robust against regular video processing attacks with much lower unpredictability.
Keywords:	Video Watermarking, Information Hiding, Wavelet transform, Selective frame Embedding, Watermark Extraction.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	TOWARDS DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUE TO COMPRESS MEDICAL IMAGES
Author:	K.GOPI, The images play an important role in many of the applications. There are several techniques to compress these images in order to reduce the size of the image without any loss of data. This paper proposes an effective technique to compress the medical images using an improved ridgelet transform. This improved technique replaces the discrete wavelet transform in the ridgelet transform with the slantlet transform. This slantlet transform is an orthogonal DWT and has two zero moments with improved time localization. In this proposed technique the medical image is compressed using the improved ridgelet transform and then we apply thresholding and quantization methods to the ridgelet coefficients of the compressed medical image. Also the proposed technique requires only minimum number of coefficients for reconstructing the medical image without any loss of data. Comparison is made between the ridgelet transform and the proposed improved ridgelet transform in terms of SDME and this technique assures to provide higher signal to noise ratio.Dr.T.RAMASHRI
Abstract:	Ridgelet Transform, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Slantlet Transform (SLT), Thresholding, Quantization.
Keywords:
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	AN ENERGY SAVING SET ASSOCIATIVE CACHE ALGORITHM WITH IMPROVED PERFORMANCE
Author:	S.SUBHA
Abstract:	Enabling one way in set associative cache during operation is proposed in literature. However, this architecture degrades the average memory access time. This paper proposes an algorithm to map to certain way in set associative cache improving the performance. The address is mapped to certain way by certain transformations involving XOR'ing and shifting and bit selection. The line is accessed or placed/replaced in the mapped way. One way is enabled during this operation. A mathematical model is developed for the proposed model. Conditions for energy saving and performance improvement are derived. Simulations with SPEC2K benchmarks are performed. Energy improvement of 38% with performance improvement of 20% is observed for the chosen parameters.
Keywords:	Average Memory Access Time, Cache Algorithm, Cache Performance, Energy Saving, Set Associative Cache
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A SECURE BIOMETRIC BASED APPROACH FOR PROVIDING SECURITY SERVICES IN RESOURCE-AWARE DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT
Author:	T. HEMALATHA, G. ATHISHA
Abstract:	In recent years there is a need for a security infrastructure for our ubiquitous digital life without using Public key infrastructure and shared session key cryptography algorithms. Since the system scales up, the peer to peer approach is attractive to Distributed Computing Environment due to increase in large amount of resources. The resources in such environment possess different characteristics. The need for security services for such resource restricted environment is a challenging issue. Hence, in this paper a novel algorithm is proposed that uses the macro feature of the fingerprint biometric of the sender and the receiver to generate key(s). The proposed technique provides different security services like Authentication, Non repudiation and Confidentiality. In this work a novel key generation algorithm is proposed to generate unique set of keys by using both sender and receiver�s fingerprint biometrics. These keys are shared between the sender and the receiver by using the underlying concrete S-MIME protocol. Several samples are collected and the macro features are extracted using Finger print feature extraction algorithm. Out of �n� ridges, a ridge is selected and plotted on the x-y axis. Plotting is done as per the sender�s choice. A set of points are selected and the key is generated. The proposed algorithm is implemented in C# DotNet and MATLAB and the results are tested and verified by taking a set of samples. The results of the proposed algorithm are compared with the existing PKI based algorithm with respect to the encryption time, decryption time and memory required.
Keywords:	Biometric, Finger Print, Key Generation, Security, Ubiquitous
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	AGENT BASED SOLUTION OF SYSTEM DYNAMICS SIMULATION MODELING: A CASE OF RICE STOCK BY THE NATIONAL LOGISTIC AGENCY OF INDONESIA
Author:	TOGAR ALAM NAPITUPULU
Abstract:	Because of its trategic role in the economy of Indonesia, managing trading of rice nationwide has been assigned as one of the main function of the State Owned Company, BULOG. In helping to manage this commidity, a system dynamics model was built. Agent based model can also be built to facilitate decision making activities in rice economy. It is shown and argued that both modeling approach would generate the same result. It is further argued that agent based model could be more powerful and general to capture a more complex structure and dynamics. Furthermore, it enable construction of models in the absence of the knowledge about the global interdependencies at aggregate level.
Keywords:	System Dynamics Modeling, Agent Based Modeling, Government Rice Stock Policy
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A SURVEY OF STATE OF THE ART: HIERARCHICAL ROUTING ALGORITHMS FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	HUSAM KAREEM, S.J. HASHIM, A. SALI, SHAMALA SUBRAMANIAM
Abstract:	Generally, any device that has the ability to sense the surrounding environment can be considered as a sensor node. A wireless sensor network is a group of sensor nodes that cooperate with each other, it may contain a few numbers of sensors or it can consist of thousands of sensors. Wireless sensor networks can be used in wide range of applications such as measuring temperature, humidity, pressure, noise level, monitoring the vehicular movement, military applications and health applications. One of the main crucial issues can face the operation and the surveillance of wireless sensor networks is energy consumption. Energy in wireless sensor networks mostly powered by battery and the greatest share of this energy is consumed during data transmission. Many researches have been done to solve this problem or at least find a solution to decrease the energy consumption. One of those solutions is using efficient routing algorithm. The most efficient type of algorithms that can be used for WSNs in large areas is hierarchical routing algorithms. In this article, we will present a review for the state of the art for recent hierarchical algorithms. Moreover, we will use criteria to classify the hierarchical algorithms that never used before in any article, which is the mechanism that implemented in the hierarchical algorithm such as clustering, chaining, or hybrid between cluster and chain.
Keywords:	Wireless Sensor Networks, Hierarchical Routing Algorithms, Clustering Routing Algorithms, Chain Routing Algorithms, PEGASIS, LEACH.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	LOW POWER FEED FORWARD FFT ARCHITECTURES USING SWITCH LOGIC
Author:	DHANABAL R, BHARATHI V, SUJANA D.V., SHRUTHI UDAYKUMAR, JOHNY S RAJ, ARAVIND KUMAR V.N
Abstract:	The computation of FFT has become necessary in almost all DSP based applications and image processing applications. The radix-22 feed forward (MDC) FFT architecture originated for the systems which require high performance. The architecture uses both trivial and non trivial rotators for the computation of FFT. This paper proposes a switch logic in place of trivial rotators thereby reducing computational complexity. The compilation, elaboration and simulation of the design is done using NC launch tool. The design has been synthesized with 130 nm, 90nm, 45nm CMOS technologies using Cadence RTL compiler. The timing, power and area savings are of 26.2, 66, 23.4 percentage respectively for the proposed design. Therefore this design could be used for the systems which demand reduced area, low power and high performance
Keywords:	Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Switch logic, Cooley tukey algorithm, Trivial and Non Trivial Rotators, Data shufflers.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	HYBRID FUZZY PSO ALGORITHM FOR DYNAMIC ECONOMIC LOAD DISPATCH
Author:	P.SIVARAMAN, D.GUNAPRIYA, K.PARTHIBAN, S.MANIMARAN
Abstract:	The Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch (DELD) is the major problem in power system operation and control. The main objective of DELD is to minimize the total fuel cost of the generators while satisfying all the operating constraints. Premature convergence is the major problem of DELD in large power system. Conventional methods took long time to converge the DELD. To handle the DELD problem, an efficient hybrid approach is proposed. Combination of Fuzzy and PSO algorithm is called FPSO which is effectively to solve the DELD problem. This algorithm is tested in 6 and 15 units thermal system.
Keywords:	Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch, Power System Operation, Operating Constraints, Fuzzy Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization, Power Demand
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	IMPLEMENTATION OF PANORAMA 360O FOR VIRTUAL TOURING AT TUGU PAHLAWAN MUSEUM SURABAYA
Author:	MUHTADIN, I KETUT EDDY PURNAMA, AHMAD ZAINI, SURYA SUMPENO, DYAH KARTIKAWATI
Abstract:	Introduction to historical sites is one of education subject that less interested by the student and the public. One of historical sites is museum. Based on the data from Indonesian Tourism found that the number of visitors has decreased. It has been made several efforts to increase the number of visitors by displaying information such as text and image of the museum, but it cannot increase the number of visitors because of the image do not show the whole museum. In this research proposed one of the way to solve the problem by making virtual touring of Tugu Pahlawan Surabaya museum by using the 360o panorama. The making of panoramic image by combining 2D image by determining control point which connected each other. In this research obtained the result that more complex the existing object on the panoramic location the control point which is used more complex too. For running the virtual touring application, the size panoramic image which is used between 2700x1350 to 5927x2964 pixels because if we used panoramic�s image that has high resolution it will make the virtual touring application hard to run.
Keywords:	Virtual Touring, Panoramic 360o, Image Panoramic.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	WORD LEVEL FINITE FIELD MULTIPLIERS USING NORMAL BASIS
Author:	B.SARGUNAM, Dr.R.DHANASEKARAN
Abstract:	Finite field multipliers are widely used in elliptic curve cryptography as a basic building block. Normal basis is the most suitable for representation of binary field elements since squaring operation can be done by simple cyclic shift of its binary digits. In this paper, efficient word level multipliers using normal basis and reordered normal basis in Galois field is proposed, where Reordered Normal Basis (RNB) is referred to as certain permutation of optimal normal basis type- II. These architectures provide a better area and power efficiency when compared to the existing Word Level finite field multiplier using Normal Basis (WLNB) and Reordered Normal Basis (WLRNB). WLNB and WLRNB are coded in VHDL and simulated in Modelsim10.0b. Area and Power reports are obtained using Xilinx ISE 9.1i.
Keywords:	Finite Field Multiplier, Normal Basis, Reordered Normal Basis, Cryptography, Galois Field
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	ENERGY-EFFICIENT SUB-CLUSTERING WITH OPTIMIZED PROCESSOR SPEED (ESOPS) IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	G.RAJESH , DR.B.VINAYGASUNDARAM
Abstract:	A wireless sensor network consists of sensor nodes to monitor the physical and environmental conditions. In certain applications like habitat monitoring, where sensor nodes are randomly deployed in manually inaccessible environment that operates with a limited battery power. This battery constraint reduces the network lifetime. The sensor nodes consist of a micro-processor for sensing, computation and communication purposes. The node processor consumes more energy when operated at higher speeds. Varying the processor speed (by adjusting the processor speed and voltage through operating system) improves energy efficiency but reduces the performance of the processor. Hence a proper trade-off is required between energy efficiency and performance. In order to achieve this, here proposed is an Energy-efficient Sub-clustering with Optimized Processor Speed (ESOPS) algorithm. This algorithm is simulated in Omnett++ 4.0 and parameters like energy gain, energy loss, performance gain and performance loss of the system under different processor voltage and processor speed are measured and analysed.
Keywords:	Dynamic Voltage Scaling, Energy Efficiency, Wireless Sensor Networks, sub clustering, Optimal Processor Speed.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
Author:	A.PANDIAN, Dr.R.DHANASEKARAN
Abstract:	The Induction Motors are widely used in industrial applications that require rapid speed and torque response at high performance operation. The Direct Torque Control (DTC) based Induction Motor (IM) with PI controller performance is not appreciable one under load disturbance and transient conditions. To improve the dynamic performance of the IM drive with new method of speed and torque control can be done by Anti-Windup PI controller is proposed and presented in this paper. A complete simulation of DTC based IM drive using Anti-WindUp PI controller is implemented using Matlab/Simulink. In this Anti-Windup PI controller scheme closed loop saturation technique is included between input and output of speed controller. The effectiveness of the proposed systems is verified by simulation process based on Matlab. Therefore, the Anti-Wind Up PI controller has better Performance compared to the conventional PI controller during change of state conditions like load changing will leads to less overshoot percentage, less settling time, speed drop due to change in load with percentage and settling time after load changes done.
Keywords:	Induction Motor (IM), Direct Torque Control (DTC), Anti-Wind Up PI(AWPI)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 April 2014 -- Vol. 62. No. 3 -- 2014
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