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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
September 2014 | Vol. 67 No.2

Title:	A HYBRID METHOD OF LINGUISTIC APPROACH AND STATISTICAL METHOD FOR NESTED NOUN COMPOUND EXTRACTION
Author:	HAMED AL-BALUSHI, MOHD JUZIADDIN AB AZIZ
Abstract:	Arabic noun compound extraction has become a challenging issue in the field of NLP. Several approaches have been proposed in terms of extracting Arabic noun compounds. Some of them have used linguistic-based approach, other have used statistical methods and the rest have used a hybrid between them. This research proposed a hybrid method of linguistic-based approach and statistical method in order to solve the extraction of nested Arabic noun compound. The dataset has been collected from online Arabic newspaper archive from Aljazeara.net and Almotamar.net. Several pre-processing steps have been carried out on the data including transformation, normalization, stemming and POS tagging. After that, the n-gram model has generated bi-gram, tri-gram, 4-gram, and 5-gram candidates of noun compound. Then three association measures which are NC-value, PMI and LLR have been used in order to rank the candidates. The evaluation has been performed using the n-best method with a human annotation (manual selection by expertise). NC-value has outperformed PMI and LLR in terms of extracting nested noun compounds.
Keywords:	Multi-Word Expressions, Noun Compound, Nested Noun Compound, Statistical Method, POS Tagging
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	CERTAIN INVESTIGATIONS ON VIDEO STREAMING AND FRAME RATE CLASSIFICATION FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS
Author:	K.VIDYAVATHI, R.S.SABEENIAN
Abstract:	One of the fundamental challenges in deploying multimedia systems, such as telemedicine, education, space endeavors, marketing, crisis management, transportation, and military, is to deliver smooth and uninterruptible flow of audio-visual information, anytime and anywhere. A multimedia system may consist of various devices (PCs, laptops, PDAs, smart phones, etc.) interconnected via heterogeneous wire-line and wireless networks. In such systems, multimedia content originally authored and compressed with a certain format may need bit rate adjustment and format conversion in order to allow access by receiving devices with diverse capabilities (display, memory, processing and decoder). Thus, a video coding mechanism is required to make the content adaptive to the capabilities of diverse networks and client devices. In addition, a video coder can change the coding parameters of the compressed video, adjust spatial and temporal resolution, and modify the video content and/or the coding standard used. This research paper aimed to provide and suggest suitable video coding techniques and some of the related research issues. Also, by this work, it is planned to introduce some of the basic concepts of video coding, then review and contrast various approaches while highlighting critical research issues.
Keywords:	HDTV, Temporal Redundancy, AWGN Channel, Frame Split And Matching Algorithm.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A SECURED DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD USING ENHANCED PROACTIVE SECRET SHARING SCHEME TO PREVENT BLACK HOLE ATTACKS IN MANETS
Author:	K.SELVAVINAYAKI , DR. E. KARTHIKEYAN
Abstract:	Mobile Ad hoc Networks consist of mobile nodes which are running randomly. Nodes communicate with each other without any access point. Due to mobility of nodes, network is easily affected by several types of attacks. In particular black hole attack cause packet dropping, misrouting the information from source to destination. To reduce the effect of this attack, we propose a New Enhanced Proactive Secret Sharing Scheme (NEPSSS) to detect the black hole nodes and to ensure the data confidentiality, data integrity and authenticity. In first phase of the proposed algorithm, the detection of black hole attack is achieved using trust active and recommendation of the nodes. In second phase of the work, Enhanced Proactive secret sharing scheme is used to provide the data authentication and integrity. The simulation results shows the proposed algorithm achieves the better packet delivery ratio, misbehaviour detection efficiency, fewer packets overhead and low end to end delay than the existing schemes.
Keywords:	MANET, Black Hole Attack, Enhanced Proactive Secret Sharing Scheme, End to End delay, Control overhead, Misbehaviour Detection Efficiency and Delivery ratio.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	TRACKING MANUALLY SELECTED OBJECT IN VIDEOS USING COLOR HISTOGRAM MATCHING
Author:	S.BHUVANESWARI, T.S.SUBASHINI
Abstract:	Tracking a moving object over time is a challenging task. In this paper object to be tracked is manually selected by the user in one video frame and it is tracked in all subsequent frames of the given input video sequence. The work is carried out in two steps. First the object is detected using 64bin colour histogram matching and the object positions in all the video frames is determined to obtain a temporal sequence of coordinates. Next the object is tracked by calculating Euclidean distance between tracked objects and manually selected reference object. The proposed method is compared with KLT tracker which is a kernel based tracking method and it is found that 64 bin colour histogram matching method can be used to track objects effectively. The results show that the colour histogram features are very efficient in tracking objects, in small and medium length video sequences.
Keywords:	Object selection, histogram features, histogram matching, object tracking
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	SWIFT COMPRESSED DOMAIN RESIDUE CALCULATION IN I4X4 MODE DECISION BASED ON INTEGER TRANSFORM IN H.264 ENCODER
Author:	P. ESSAKI MUTHU, Dr. R M O GEMSON
Abstract:	H.264 encoder has to evaluate exhaustively all the mode combinations of intra 4x4 predictions for deciding coding mode to achieve the minimum coding bits and high video quality. An Integer Transform-based Intra 4x4 Prediction method is proposed here to reduce the computational complexity of Intra 4x4 mode decision. This method calculates the transform domain residues in three steps, 1) calculating predicted coefficients directly 2) performing transform on input original coefficients and 3) finds the tranform domain residue coefficients by subtracting the transform domain predicted coefficients from transform domain original coefficients. The experimental results demonstrate that proposed method reduces at least 40% of computational complexity without compromising the coding efficiency (bitrate) and performance (quality).
Keywords:	H.264/AVC, Mode decision, Transform domain Intra 4x4 Prediction, Computational Complexity
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PROVIDING DYNAMIC AUDIT SERVICES USING HOMOMORPHISM AUTHENTICATORS IN CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE
Author:	SATHIYA MOORTHY SRINIVASAN, Dr. C CHANDRASEKAR
Abstract:	Cloud storage enables client to access the data from anywhere at any time. Cloud based outsourced storage helps the clients to manage and conserve the data on self-sufficient platform. Probabilistic query and periodic verification on cloud zone provide public auditing but the cloud storages do not offer the clients with proof for verifying the integrity of the user. The authentication system based on Merkle Hash Tree construction is an efficient data dynamics system, yet not effective in improving storage. To improve the verification process on the cloud audit data services, Homomorphism Authenticators using Sphere Shaped Marker (HASSM) mechanism is proposed in this paper. HASSM mechanism develops a dynamic group and audits the integrity of stored data in the cloud services using the extendable dynamic hash structure. The sphere shaped marker signature verifies the information and subsequently audit the integrity of the shared data. With HASSM mechanism, the identity of the marker on each block stored data is kept private from a Third Party Auditor (TPA). TPA correctly detects any unauthorized users in HASSM for accessing the cloud files by applying KeyGener, SphereSign and SphereVerify algorithm to perform the process. TPA uses HASSM mechanism to validate the integrity of stored information without retrieving the whole file, so that the computational cost is reduced. HASSM Mechanism provides the approximately 9.188 % better verification result with lesser computational cost. Experiment is conducted in the Cloudsim platform on the factors such as auditing time, read/write efficiency on cloud services, and bandwidth utilization for data auditing.
Keywords:	Data Homomorphism Authenticators, Cloud Storage, Sphere Shaped Marker, Data Service, SphereSign, Integrity, SphereVerify
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF A SILICON MEMS PIEZORESISTIVE SINGLE AXIS ACCELEROMETER WITH ELECTROPLATED GOLD ON A PROOF MASS
Author:	R.VARATHARAJAN , A.ANGELIN PEACE PREETHI
Abstract:	This paper presents realization of MEMS piezoresistive single axis accelerometer with electroplated gold on the proof mass. The piezoresistive accelerometer shows very high sensitivity and good linearity. But performance behavior of the system shows precise effect due to cross axes sensitivity. Performance enhancement is achieved by electroplating a gold mass on top of the proof mass of dimension 2500µm X 2500µm X 30µm. This paper explains the simulation analysis using ANSYS11® and design optimization of the accelerometer structures without gold, with electroplated gold on top of the proof mass and with electroplated gold on bottom of the proof mass. From these structures, prime axis stress sensitivity, cross axes stress sensitivity and displacement of the structures have been analyzed. Test result of these devices shows that the prime axis stress sensitivity of electroplated gold with top of the proof mass is increased by 53% and the structure with top of the proof mass is increased by 49% as compared to the structure without gold. Cross axes stress sensitivity of the structure with gold on top of the proof mass along the X, Y axis is reduced by 17% and 15% with the structure without gold.
Keywords:	MEMS piezoresistive accelerometer; sensitivity; linearity; ANSYS software
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	SAVING ENERGY IN WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORK WITH NEAREST COMPONENT CONNECTOR ALGORITHM
Author:	S.K. MANJU BARGAVI, Dr. G. P. RAJAMANI
Abstract:	Wireless ad hoc networks generate many challenging research problems as they basically have many special characteristics and some inevitable limitations, compared with other wired or wireless networks. An important requirement of these networks is that they should be self-organizing, that is, transmission ranges and data paths are dynamically modernized with changing topology. Energy conservation and network performance are probably the most critical issues in ad hoc wireless networks, because wireless devices are usually powered only by batteries and have limited computing capability and memory. In this paper we introduce an enhanced receiver centric interference model protocol with Nearest Component Connector algorithm to calculate the energy levels in wireless ad hoc networks. The new protocol guarantees to build a valid topology for transfer data from Source to Destination. Simulation and experimental results are combined to show that collision-free and energy consumption by the new model.
Keywords:	Battery, Collision, Component Connector, Energy, Topology.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	NOVEL TECHNIQUE TO ENHANCE SECURITY OF RECONFIGURABLE CIRCUITS
Author:	BINU K. MATHEW, Dr. K. P. ZACHARIA
Abstract:	FPGAs are used in various applications like aero-space, automotive, military etc which require them to operate in different types of environments. Security of FPGA based system is a big concern as the system developed after lot of research can be stolen very easily. Nowadays, a lot of research is going on, considering various security aspects of FPGAs as the primary concern. Several cryptographic systems are available which can be used to protect FPGA bit-streams. Cryptographic techniques are used to encrypt the FPGA bit-streams. It is not feasible to use FPGAs in small circuit as it increase cost of the system under consideration. This paper proposes a technique which makes a digital system secure by using look-up tables. Behavior of a look-up table is based on its configuration bit. Look-up tables can be used to replace a digital circuit either fully or partially. If a look-up table replaces the whole circuit, then it can be called as fully incomplete and if the look-up table replaces only a part of a digital circuit, then that circuit can be called as partially incomplete. Digital systems can be made secure by fully incomplete design or partially incomplete design. Fully incomplete design can be used in the case of small circuits and for complex circuits a portion of the design can be made incomplete, in the case of partially incomplete digital circuits. This paper proposes a novel technique to enhance security of reconfigurable circuit. An authorized user completes the design of the circuit at run time by entering the configuration bits of the look-up table.
Keywords:	FPGAs, Secure devices, Volatile devices, Look-up Table, Multi-functional chips
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGN OF HIGH SPEED VEDIC MULTIPLIER WITH PIPELINE TECHNOLOGY
Author:	Y. NARASIMHA RAO, DR. GSVP RAJU, PhD, Prof. PENMETSA V KRISHNA RAJA, PhD
Abstract:	In many digital computers multipliers plays vital role to improve the performance of the system. The speed of the processor greatly depends on high speed multipliers. On the other hand pipeline technology plays an important role in present parallel computers in improving the speed of the computer. In the present paper high speedVedic multiplier is designed and analysed by inserting a pipeline in the process of computation.The computation speed is considerably improved with pipeline when compared with conventional Vedic multiplier. The proposed pipelined Vedic multiplier was implemented in TSMC 65nm CMOS Technology consumes 57mWatts power when operated at 100MHz.
Keywords:	Pipeline, Vedic Multiplier, Throughput, High Speed,
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A COMBINED CONGESTION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE FOR RESCHEDULING OF OPTIMAL ACTIVE POWER OF GENERATOR UNITS
Author:	N. CHIDAMBARARAJ, Dr. K. CHITRA
Abstract:	In paper, a combined technique proposed for solving transmission congestion problem in deregulated power system. For improving the congestion management performance of cuckoo search (CS) algorithm, the artificial neural network (ANN) is combined with CS algorithm. Here, the CS is optimized the real power changes of the generator while transmission congestion is occurred. Thus, the ANN is used to predict the generator reschedule real power according to the transmission congestion. Hence, the computational performance of CS algorithm is enhanced. Then, the congestion management cost and power loss of the proposed method is minimized by the CS algorithm according to the transmission congestion. Proposed method is implemented in MATLAB working platform and the real power rescheduling, congest management cost, and power loss are evaluated. The congestion management performance of the proposed method (ANN-CS) is compared with CS and PSO algorithm.
Keywords:	Transmission Congestion, Real Power, Reschedule, Combined Algorithm, ANN-CS Algorithm, Cost, Power Loss.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	APPLICATION OF CONTOURLET TRANSFORM AND MAXIMUM ENTROPY ON DIGITAL IMAGE WATERMARKING
Author:	NADIA IDRISSI, AHMED ROUKHE
Abstract:	During the last few years, the copyright in multimedia world is becoming a real concern especially with the increase in transfer files, documents over networks. These data are actually very easy to hack: information becomes vulnerable to interception, copying, tampering or corruption. To meet this need, digital watermarking is a method of signal processing which inserted into a digital document an invisible watermark, containing a code robust against any attack that can affect the watermarked data. In this paper we presented a method of digital image watermarking based on contourlet transform and maximum entropy.
Keywords:	Contourlet Transform; Entropy; PSNR; NC
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF CBS ALGORITHM USING FSGP AND FEAT ALGORITHM
Author:	IMAM MUKHLASH, MUHAMMAD IQBAL, HANIM MARIA ASTUTI, SUTIKNO
Abstract:	Classification and prediction in temporal data is one of important tasks of data mining which are used in various fields such as financial data forecasting, meteorological data prediction, geographic data processing, and biomedical data analysis. A number of methods have been developed based on learning models such as decision tree, neural network or using other data mining task such as clustering, association rule and sequence pattern mining. One of the classification algorithms based on sequential mining is Classify-by-Sequence (CBS) algorithm. CBS algorithm is a combination of sequential pattern mining with probabilistic induction. However, this algorithm has a drawback regarding its computational time which is quite inefficient. This paper proposes an improvement of CBS algorithm to solve the computational time’s inefficiency. The enhancement is conducted by improving the pruning part using FGSP and FEAT algorithm. These algorithms produce classifier that will use to classify testing data. The quality of classifier is then measured using 〖covacc〗_t parameter which is the combination of coverage and accuracy. To achieve the purpose of this research, we use meteorological data to classify rain or dry season. The simulation result show that the computational time of modified CBS algorithm with FGSP algorithm is faster than the modification using FEAT algorithm with the same level of accuracy.
Keywords:	Temporal Data, Classify by Sequence, Pruning Strategy, FEAT, FGSP.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	DEVELOPMENT OF FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM AND FACE DISTANCE ESTIMATION USING STEREO VISION CAMERA
Author:	EDY WINARNO, AGUS HARJOKO, ANIATI MURNI ARYMURTHY, EDI WINARKO
Abstract:	The research of face recognition and face distance estimation is a study that is being developed nowadays. This research proposes a model of face recognition by combining wavelet decomposition, PCA and Mahalanobis distance. This method will provide a better of recognition rate and will improve the computation time of face recognition. We also develop the measurement of distance between the face and the camera on the proposed face recognition system. We propose real-time distance estimation on face recognition system using stereo vision camera. We calculate the distance using stereo vision camera based on stereo triangulation method using two lenses. The two lenses of stereo vision camera are used to capture a face image and to determine the 3 dimensional points projected from 2 dimensional points. The calculation of distance is determined by the projection from stereo vision camera. The proposed system is capable to calculate the distance beetween face and camera on the proposed of face recognition. This research also suggests a correlation between recognition rate and the distance estimation beetween face and camera. The recognition rate of the proposed of face recognition can work well in the range of 50-350 cm in real-time conditions.
Keywords:	Face recognition, face distance estimation, stereo vision, wavelet, PCA, Mahalanobis
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	STRATEGY TO INTEGRATE ACADEMIC DATA USING WEB SERVICES AND PL SQL (CASE STUDY TELKOM UNIVERSITY)
Author:	TORA FAHRUDIN
Abstract:	Established in 17 July 2013, Telkom University was formed from various faculties from Telkom Education Foundation, such as Faculty of Engineering (TES), Faculty of Management (TEBS), Faculty of Applied Sciences (TASS) and the Faculty of Creative Industries (TCIS). Each faculty has the Academic Information Systems. When it became a university, problems faced is how to do the integration strategy of academic data from the different data structure and data sources of academic information system at each faculty into one new scheme of University database. The challenge is the old academic system is still running for one semester, which means the data will still moving. Therefore, this study focuses on both strategic and technical concepts to integrate academic data base on that condition. A major strategy is using web services for data interchange and PL SQL Scheduler to process transaction data which still moving. Meanwhile, master data is loaded only once with flat files format. The conclusions obtained from this research are 1) to integrate academic data, logic data needed to be split into master data and transaction data, 2) the strategy for integrate master data are loaded only once with flat files format, meanwhile the transaction data is loaded many times via web services (JSON), 3) transaction data from web services will be loaded and mapping into destination database using JSON PL SQL package which run periodically.
Keywords:	Academic Data Integration; Web Services; JSON; PL SQL; DBMS Scheduler
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	USING HYBRID ARTIFICIAL BEE COLONY ALGORITHM AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR TRAINING FEED-FORWARD NEURAL NETWORKS
Author:	WAHEED ALI H. M. GHANEM, AMAN JANTAN
Abstract:	The Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC) is a heuristic optimization method based on the foraging behavior of honey bees. It has been confirmed that this algorithm has good ability to search for the global optimum, but it suffers from the fact that the global best solution is not directly used, but the ABC stores it at each iteration, unlike the particle swarm optimization (PSO) that can directly use the global best solution at each iteration. So the hybrid of artificial bee colony Algorithm (ABC) and PSO resolved the aforementioned problem. In this article, Hybrid ABC and PSO is used as new training method for Feed-forward Neural Networks (FFNNs), in order to get rid of imperfections in traditional training algorithms and get the high efficiencies of these algorithms in reducing the computational complexity and the problems of Tripping in local minima, also reduction of slow convergence rate of current evolutionary learning algorithms. We test the accuracy of our proposal using FFNNs trained with ABC, PSO, and Hybrid ABC and PSO. The experimental results show that ABCPSO outperforms both ABC and PSO for training FFNNs in terms the aforementioned Imperfections.
Keywords:	Artificial Intelligent (AI); Swarm Intelligence (SI); Feed-forward Neural Network (FFNN); Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABC); Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	PROBABILISTIC DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHM FOR MINIMUM SPANNING TREE CONSTRUCTION
Author:	ISMAIL HIND, EL MEHDI STOUTI, ABDELAAZIZ EL HIBAOUI, ALI DAHMANI
Abstract:	In this paper we introduce and analyze a probabilistic distributed algorithm for minimum spanning tree construction. Our algorithm is based firstly on the handshake algorithm that produces firstly k sub-spanning trees, where k is the size of the maximal matching produced. Secondly, the merged step of our algorithm is executed in a distributed manner and following some roles to reduce the total number of those sub-spanning from k to 1. We proof that the residual graph is acyclic and all vertices belong to it. A detailed analysis of the number of exchanged messages is carried on to validate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Keywords:	Distributed Algorithms, Randomized Algorithm Analysis, Handshake, Maximal Matching, Minimum Spanning Tree Construction.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EVALUATION OF STATCOM FOR GRID CONNECTED PV SYSTEM
Author:	R.GANESH, DR. V. SENTHIL KUMAR
Abstract:	Demand in electricity makes the passion for renewable energy. The renewable energy can be effectively utilized when it is grid connected. In this paper Photo Voltaic (PV) power system is proposed for grid connected applications. Important factors to be considered in grid connection are quality of power, stability of the voltage and reliability. The quality and stability of voltage in a grid connected PV system can be improved by a STATCOM. Many researchers analyzed the performance of STATCOM with balanced grid voltage dips. Under unbalanced grid voltage dips, the negative sequence voltage causes poor power quality of power. In this paper, grid connected PV system with a STATCOM is proposed with balanced and unbalanced voltage sags and swells. The positive and the negative sequence voltage compensation by a STATCOM is proposed to improve the stability and quality of voltage. The entire system is analyzed by simulation using MATLAB/ Simulink.
Keywords:	Photo Voltaic (PV) system, STATCOM, Incremental conductance Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), balanced/unbalanced load.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	GOAL PRIORITIZATION AND PRELIMINARY USABILITY EVALUATION: AN APPROACH TO ASSIST NOVICE DESIGNER
Author:	HOO MEEI HAO, AZIZAH JAAFAR
Abstract:	The usability engineering process has indicated the importance of setting usability criteria. In specifying a usability goal, usability attributes or criteria need to be identified in order to achieve this. This paper presents a quantitative basis for selecting and prioritizing usability goals, thereafter selecting the best prototype relative to usability goals. The proposed method consists of two main phases. These are namely: the prioritizing goals phase and the user evaluation phase. Quantitative analysis uses an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the rank of the goals. The level of importance of usability attributes assists designers to decide which alternative designs meet the most important usability characteristics. This approach appropriate to train the novice designers to bear their collaborative design goals in mind and select the best prototype based on users’ quantitative assessment result.
Keywords:	Usability Goal, Usability Evaluation, Quantitative Approach, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Novice Designer
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR OPTIMAL PLACEMENT AND SIZE OF MULTIPLE STATCOM USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Author:	K. KUMARASAMY, Dr.R. RAGHAVAN
Abstract:	The optimal placement of STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM) for voltage stability improvement in power system is the important optimization problem. There are so many research works are carried out in the optimal placement of STATCOM to achieve the various objectives using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In conventional optimization technique the weight-age of objective functions are chosen in such a way that all the objectives values are comparable in magnitude or weight-age given is based on the importance of the objectives. In this paper a cost effective objective function has been proposed and the optimisation using PSO optimizes the location and size of STATCOM devices as economical as possible. The Objective function incorporates important system parameters, namely, voltage profile, system losses, reactive compensation and loadability. The coefficients of the system parameters in the objective function are so chosen that they reflect real time cost or penalty value. Thus the objective function proposed is a cost effective objective function. The effectiveness of the proposed objective function is tested for IEEE-30 bus test system with multiple STATCOM devices. Optimization of various parameters so as to obtain improved voltage profile, minimal total system loss, minimal reactive power transfer and maximum stability limit have been achieved using PSO. This paper provides the details of the results obtained on the IEEE-30 bus test system, using PSO for multiple STATCOM application for voltage stability improvement and establishes the effectiveness of the proposed objective function.
Keywords:	FACTS, STATCOM, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Stability, Loadability.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EFFECTIVE LIGHTWEIGHT TRUST DECISION MAKING SCHEME FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	M.BALAMURUGAN, Dr.R.POONGODI
Abstract:	A sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes, which are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it. The position of sensor nodes need not be pre-determined. This allows random deployment in inaccessible terrains or disaster relief operations. On the other hand, this also means that sensor network protocols and algorithms must possess self-organizing capabilities. In this research work, a lightweight trust decision making scheme (LTDMS) for attaining balance between malicious nodes and energy conservation in networks. In first phase, multicast route is integrated to ensure network connectivity and avoid node failures. In second phase, key based authentication to provide integrity. Here four types of iterations are used during integrity phase. In third packet format is proposed for monitoring integrity and energy saving status. So the efficient secure multicast route can be chosen to improve the network performance. By simulation results, the proposed LTDMS achieves better data delivery rate, improved network lifetime, high packet integrity rate, less end to end delay and overhead in terms of mobility, pause time, throughput, and number of nodes than previous schemes namely HDTMP.
Keywords:	Wireless Sensor Networks, Malicious Nodes, Energy Saving, LTDMS, Packet Delivery Ratio, End to end delay, packet integrity rate and overhead.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	OPTIMIZED PRUNE BASED DATA MINING (OPBDM) FOR DISTRIBUTED DATABASES: AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH
Author:	G.PARTHASARATHY , Dr.D.C.TOMAR
Abstract:	Data mining is a vital solution approach for applications such as text based mining; web based mining, supporting data analysis, data visualization and data design tasks. It serves as primary, as well as major roles in various domains and plays a complementary role in others by increasing traditional data mining techniques from numerical data analysis, data statistics and machine learning. Modern mining algorithm concentrates mainly on developing, building and using specific cross platforms, domain driven algorithms and models. In such cases various algorithms are designed in which very few are repeatable in real time. Countless outlines are mined and major proportion of them is of no specific interest for business use. The end user generally cannot easily predict or understand to take them over for business values and daily use. Thorough efforts are mandatory for promoting the act of knowledge discovery in real world decisions and decision supports. An optimized method has been proposed for pruning based data mining to handle the issues stated above. In optimized prune based data mining (OPBDM), Knowledge intelligence is incorporated into mining process along with models and a problem solving system is framed as the gallery for incorporating knowledge discovery, decision making, data pruning and delivery. Based on related work(Prune tree), this paper presents an overview of deriving prunes for multiple data sets, decisions and decision supports, theoretical framework for pruned data(OPBDM)techniques, case studies and open issues. Experimental results and future work enhancement have been demonstrated.
Keywords:	Data Mining, Knowledge Intelligence, Knowledge Discovery, Pruning, Decision Making
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	MATRIX BASED SEQUENTIAL INDEXING TECHNIQUE FOR VIDEO DATA MINING
Author:	D.SARAVANAN V.SOMASUNDARAM
Abstract:	Due to the technology development digital media play very vital role in information technology Availability of increasing volumes of non-text information such as audio, image and video, on web it increases the accuracy of the search process. Video data mining plays an important role in efficient video data management for information retrieval. Gaining and storage of video data is an easy task but retrieval of information from video data is a challenging task. Due to this rapid development and increasing demand of users, indexing process must be automated, from the collection of information. Indexing associated with this type of files differ from normal indexing techniques. With the help of that user can find and retrieve the relevant information effectively. Many successful data mining indexing techniques have been developed through academic research and industry .This paper describes the sequential indexing technique and the experimental result verifies that the proposed technique is better than the existing technique.
Keywords:	Data Mining, Information Retrieval, Knowledge Extraction, Video data mining, Indexing, Clustering, Sequential Indexing, Image Data
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	AN EFFICIENT VIEW CLASSIFICATION OF ECHOCARDIOGRAM USING MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS
Author:	G.N.BALAJI ,DR.T.S.SUBASHINI , DR.A.SURESH
Abstract:	In this paper an efficient cardiac view classification of echocardiogram is proposed. A cardiac cycle consists of two phases systolic and diastolic. The systolic is the contraction and diastolic is relaxation and ﬁlling. From the given video sequences only the diastolic frames are extracted and it is utilized for determining the view of the echocardiogram. The Echocardiogram image are first prepared to reduce noise and to enhance the contrast of the image then mathematical morphology is used to highlight the cardiac cavity before segmentation using Connected Components Labeling (CCL) is carried out. We classify three standard cardiac views namely parasternal short axis (PSAX), apical two chamber (A2C) and four chamber (A4C) views. Experiments over 200 echocardiogram images show that the proposed method ascertains 94.56% of accuracy in cardiac view classification.
Keywords:	Connected Components Labeling (CCL), Apical two Chamber (A2C), Apical 4 Chamber (A4C) and Parasternal Short Axis (PSAX).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	GENERATION OF REAL WORLD TRAFFIC USING NS2 TRAFFIC AGENTS
Author:	SAMI ABBAS NAGAR, SULAIMAN MOHD NOR, MOHAMED SAAD BOBA
Abstract:	There has been substantial interest from researchers in the development and contribution of modules in NS2. One of the challenges in NS2 modeling is to seamlessly integrate real world traffic data into the NS2 network model. Normally the traffic in NS2 is generated from the traffic agents such as TCP and UDP agents whose parameters are based on certain statistical distribution. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how traffic agents in NS2 simulator are used to generate different types of traffic based on real traffic network. In this work, a modified sniffer program was used to capture real traffic data from a production network and output to a traffic text file. This traffic test file is then used by the NS2 traffic agents in the simulated network model representing the real production network. To validate that the simulation works accurately, the output trace file of NS2 after simulation is compared with the traffic generated at the destinations of the production network. Error percentage and t-test data analyses were conducted. It was found, based on comparisons that the difference was nearly zero for traffic captured for duration of around 15 minutes simultaneously generated from four different production sites.
Keywords:	NS2 Simulator, Traffic Agents, TCP, UDP, Real World Traffic Generator, Sniffer, T Test Validation.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A CONSTRUCTIVE DISTANCE-BASED BOUNDARY DETECTION APPROACH WITH NUMERIC VARIABLES
Author:	A. ANITHA, DR. E. KANNAN
Abstract:	Existing Data Mining techniques, concentrates mainly on finding patterns in large datasets and it also focuses on concepts such as classification, association rules and clustering. Very few work aims on finding Boundary values in classification. Boundary values are the small subset of the data set which contains critical information useful for predicting accurate class labels for the new instances. This paper describes technique for detecting boundary records using different distance based approach during classification task and computes the computational time for extracting the instances using different distance metrics. The records isolated as boundary region of the specified class, can contain domain-specific information which is useful for finding critical records to improve the classification accuracy. This information is useful for further decision making in classification. Experiments are carried out for numeric data set and results shows that only subset of the data set are found to be boundary set and compares the computational time for extracting the boundary region using the distance metrics.
Keywords:	Classification, Outliers, Boundary Region, Euclidean, Manhattan, Minkowski, Chebychev
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EFFICIENT SCHEDULER AND MULTI THREADING FOR RESOURCE AWARE EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Author:	KARTHIKEYAN.V, Dr.S.RAVI
Abstract:	In embedded system applications the processor is connected to different segments of the hardware and each hardware is associated with software called task. The scheduler is the part of the software that determines which task will run next and its implementation is a difficult process in RTOS. Existing scheduling methods fail to suit real time system requirements. The purpose of this research work is to design a efficient scheduler in real time. In the proposed method a new round robin scheduling algorithm approach is presented in µC/OS-II operating system and LPC 1768 environment. µC/OS-II provides two API's that lets user to enable and disable scheduler within a task. Although it is not advised to use this API's as it is against the concept of Real time priority scheduling, it may be required in certain situations. The scheduler designed handles scheduling of multiple tasks efficiently and an analysis of scheduler performance using threading and non threading approach is made. The experimental result shows improved performance over the existing methods in terms of various performance criteria. The implication of this research work is that the scheduler designed can execute tasks based on priorities within the allotted time.
Keywords:	Scheduler, multi threading, Alphabet and number sorting, LPC 1768
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EMPIRICAL FACTORS FOR ROBUSTNESS OF SENSOR NODES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Author:	Prof. T.P. JAYAKUMAR , Dr. N. GUNASEKARAN
Abstract:	Sensors are the devices which are used to measure the temperature of their surroundings and inform it to the base station through central heads which forms large scale networks, have become more in number. These sensors can act individually by using small hardware devices and it can be embedded into the devices like mobile phones, laptops, iPods, or in combination of these in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) more battery power is needed for the measurement of temperature. Depending on the rate of battery power consumption, more research works are being focused on the influence of data processing and communication network as these sensors are tiny and they cannot withhold larger batteries. The problem arises when the sensors are treated as either tiny stand alone devices or particularly used when it is embedded with robust devices. It is necessary to make research work on embedded devices. Even though the literature shows the effectiveness of energy consumption by sensors, studies on the embedded devices robustness are seen rarely. It is being pointed out by architectural design of sensor networks which is different according to their applications and constraints. In order to address these issues, this paper try to arrive at certain coefficients called as factors that are empirically determined by involving series of experiments in the NS 2.0 environment. High, Medium, Low are the three scales of robustness which are suggested for the factor and also the three scales are immense to be used in the deployment of sensors in manets. Robustness on the consumption of energy of the sensor embedded devices in networks is indicated by the factors considered. The experimental work is delimited in its scope with energy consumption due to the computing process. The work is delimited to comparative studies on hierarchal and flat algorithms. Concluding remarks have been drawn out of these experimental studies.
Keywords:	Manets, Central Head, Wireless Sensors, Robustness, Routing
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	VISION BASED INDIAN SIGN LANGUAGE CHARACTER RECOGNITION
Author:	ASHOK KUMAR SAHOO, KIRAN KUMAR RAVULAKOLLU
Abstract:	Sign language recognition is helpful in communication between deaf or mute people with people who don't even know sign language. This has wide applications in communication at various public places. A system for computer-human interface of Indian Sign Language recognition in the domain of characters is proposed. This paper describes a system for automating recognition of Indian sign language static single handed and double handed character signs, in which a regular camera is used to capture the gestures. The system is designed to recognize isolated signs, i.e. each input image contains exactly one ISL character sign. To recognize images in real environment, two data sets are created, which contains 2600 images for single handed characters and 2340 gestures of double handed characters (A-Z). Structural features, local histogram features and direct pixel values of gray scale images extracted from these gestures are used as input to the recognition system. After extracting features from images, kNN classifier and neural network classifier are used to classify the gestures. In single handed data set 95.30% recognition rates are achieved, and in double handed data set 96.37% accuracy rates are achieved.
Keywords:	Indian Sign Language, Neural Network Classifier, kNN Classifier, Local Histogram Feature, Structural Feature, Direct Pixel Value Feature.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEM BASED OPTIMAL LINEAR CAPACITY MAXIMIZATION PRECODER FOR MIMO-OFDM WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
Author:	RAMESH.S, Dr. R. SESHASAYANAN
Abstract:	At present different enhancement calculations is utilized within different provisions in diverse fields. Late days Artificial Immune framework is utilized within the streamlining of multi client in MIMO – [MU-MIMO] correspondence framework for enhancing the execution of the channel usage, slip remedies. Direct Precoding is utilized in MU-MIMO correspondence framework to enhance the limit of the framework and to decrease the intricacy in the beneficiary side. The prior investigates takes a shot at enhancement calculation, the PSO proposed to build the framework limit and appraisal the channel slip. In this paper, the Artificial Immune System– [AIS] is utilized to discover the upgraded Precoding lattice, with that, the Precoder intended to amplify the limit of the framework by considering the channel estimation failure. The recreation results indicate that the framework limit execution of the proposed Precoder which considers channel estimation blunder outflanks the long ago proposed Precoder.
Keywords:	MIMO; AIS; MMSE; SNR; BER; Optimization; Channel Communication; Artificial Immune System.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS FOR SCHOOL SCHEDULING PROBLEM
Author:	DANIEL NUGRAHA, RAYMOND KOSALA
Abstract:	The scheduling problem is one of the combinatorial optimization problems that are common in the real world. Evolutionary algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithm and the Bees Algorithm have been used in the literature to solve this problem. In this paper, we apply the Genetic Algorithm, Bees Algorithm, and the combination of these two algorithms, which is Hybrid GA-Bees, to solve school scheduling problem. The algorithms to solve the school scheduling problems were implemented using the object-oriented paradigm and tested to create actual class schedules at a middle school in Jakarta. Our study concludes that the Hybrid GA-Bees can produce better solutions compared to the solutions generated by the Genetic Algorithm and Bees algorithm.
Keywords:	Genetic Algorithm, Bees algorithm, Hybrid GA-Bees algorithm, school scheduling
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 30 September 2014 -- Vol. 67. No. 3 -- 2014
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