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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
May 2014 | Vol. 63 No.2

Title:	SEGMENTATION OF BLOOD VESSELS USING IMPROVED LINE DETECTION AND ENTROPY BASED THRESHOLDING
Author:	J. SIVA KUMAR, K. CHITRA
Abstract:	Segmented blood vessel from the fundus image provides useful clinical information for the diagnosis and monitoring of eye diseases. In this paper, blood vessels from the green channel of the fundus image are enhanced using a two dimensional matched filter which enhances the contrast of the blood vessel against the background. The contrast enhanced blood vessels are then segmented using line detection algorithms which uses four directional filters. The final segmented vasculature is obtained by integrating the outputs from the directional filters. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using the DRIVE database and better performance is obtained. An accuracy of 0.9488 is achieved using the proposed method against Staal et al [7] method with an accuracy of 0.9442. The effectiveness and simplicity of this method can be used to automate screening for early detection of diabetic retinopathy.
Keywords:	Matched Filtering, Line Detection, Entropy Thresholding, Retinal Images, Vessel Segmentation
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	JOB SCHEDULING OPTIMIZATION BASED ON RESOURCE LOAD BALANCE IN CLOUD COMPUTING
Author:	XIAOFENG JIANG, JUN LI, HONGSHENG XI, LIANG TANG
Abstract:	Job scheduling plays an important role in cloud computing networks. Appropriately distributing service jobs to multiple servers when the cloud network stays in dynamic load conditions is the main work of the scheduling strategy. We adopt the resource load level of a server as the state of the server, and convert the job processing in a server to a semi-markov process. A job scheduling strategy can be given by the optimization algorithm to make the running cost minimum and improve the resource utilization. A simple job scheduling strategy based on resource load balance is given first in this study. Then, the coefficient vector which indicates the weight of the various idle resources of the simple strategy is extended to a coefficient matrix which can meet the dynamic resource load conditions. An optimization algorithm with the coefficient matrix is adopted to reduce the running cost by iterations. In the following sections, we improve the optimization algorithm by considering the shared resources and studying the best division of the resource load levels. At the last of the iteration, a proof of the convergence of the iteration is given. Finally, simulations and numeral results are provided.
Keywords:	Cloud Computing, Job Scheduling, Load Level, Resource Load Balance, Resource Utilization.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PARALLEL MODEL AND SCHEDULING TECHNIQUE FOR SPACES COMPLEXITY AND SYNCHRONIZATION PROBLEMS IN SEQUENCES ALIGNMENT
Author:	MANHAL ELFADIL ELTAYEEB, MUHAMMAD SHAFIE ABD LATIF, ISMAIL FAUZI ISNIN
Abstract:	Biologists are confusing with the huge amount of data resulting from conformations of DNA and protein sequences. In an earlier stage, a dot-plot method is used to identify new sequences. It is based on comparing sequences in a level of graphical illustration to detect similar locations of sequences. However, for long sequences this method is impractical. Furthermore, Improvement method using sequential machine adopted by Needleman-Wunsch (NW) and Smith-Waterman (SW) algorithms, where sequences set in a matrix with scoring system and optimal alignment via dynamic programming method is achieved. Unfortunately, these algorithms suffer from time and space complexity. An alternative approach is necessary to compare long sequences in a reasonable time with respect to memory restrictions. In this paper, we developed a new parallel model with implementing scheduler-worker paradigm and a scheduling technique. Our model is based on Bulk Synchronous Parallelism (BSP) model, where each worker has its own distributed memory and accomplish selected number of blocks. Using X86-based PC with eight logical processors we are able to compare sequences range from 411 KBP to 4 MBP in O((m+n/w)/w) space and linear communication complexity.
Keywords:	DNA and Protein, Sequences Comparisons, Parallel Model, Memory and Communications Complexities
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	MDPM: AN ALGORITHM FOR MAPPING DISCOVERY IN P2P MEDIATION SYSTEM
Author:	SELMA EL YAHYAOUI EL IDRISSI, AHMED ZELLOU, ALI IDRI
Abstract:	The information integration systems consist in offering a uniform interface, to provide access to a set of autonomous and distributed information sources. The most important advantage of an information integration system is that allows users to specify what they want, rather than thinking about how to get the responses. The studies in this field have aimed at developing tools allowing a transparent access to data sources disseminated on a network. In particular, there are two major classes of integration systems: the mediation systems based on the paradigm mediator/Wrapper and peer to peer systems (P2P). Recently, other integration systems have emerged as P2P mediation systems. In these systems, the correspondence problem between schemas is a crucial problem. Especially as to integrate different sources requires the identification of the elements which can be dependent between the various diagrams. This is called correspondences or mapping between schemas. In this paper, we study this problem of mappings discovery and we present an approach of automatic correspondences discovery in a Pure Peer-to-Peer mediation system.
Keywords:	Mediation, P2P System, Mapping, Correspondences.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A SIMPLE ITERATIVE THINNING ALGORITHM FOR TEXT AND SHAPE BINARY IMAGES
Author:	Waleed Abu-Ain, Siti Norul Huda Sheikh Abdullah, Khairuddin Omar
Abstract:	Thinning or skeletonization is become a curial step in many document image analysis and recognition application as a pre-process stage. These applications such as optical character recognition OCR, optical script recognition OSR, and optical font recognition OFR widely adopt many exist methods, some thinning challenging defect the performance of these applications. However, further enhancement for thinning technique is indeed. A simple iterative thinning algorithm is proposed for binary images domain. Thereafter, a benchmark dataset is designed for thinning algorithm evaluation is used. Finally, The evaluation experiments result are compared with some other major thinning methods to proof the proposed method efficiency. The proposed algorithm visual experiments shows outperform for many thinning challenges such as one pixel width, topology preserving, rotation tolerance, and tail occurrences.
Keywords:	Thinning, Iterative Thinning, Skeletonization, OCR, OSR, OFR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	APPLYING DECISION TREE ALGORITHM AND NEURAL NETWORKS TO PREDICT FOREST FIRES IN LEBANON
Author:	ALI KAROUNI, BASSAM DAYA, PIERRE CHAUVET
Abstract:	Fires have been threatening green forestry all over the world. In Lebanon, green areas declined dramatically during the last decades, what imposes an urgent intervention with strict governmental policies and support of non-governmental organizations. The orientation is towards techniques that predict high fire risks, allowing for precautions to preclude fire occurrences or at least limit their consequences. Two data mining techniques are used for the purpose of prediction and decision-making: Decision trees and back propagation forward neural networks. Four meteorological attributes are utilized: temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and daily precipitation. The obtained tree drawn from applying the first algorithm could classify these attributes from the most significant to the least significant and better foretell fire incidences. Adopting neural networks with different training algorithms shows that networks with 2 inputs only (temperature and relative humidity) retrieve better results than 4-inputs networks with less mean squared error. Feed forward and Cascade forward networks are under scope, with the use of different training algorithms.
Keywords:	Forest Fires Prediction, Decision Tree, Neural Networks
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A FRAMEWORK FOR SAFE COMPOSABLE TESTING MODEL FOR MULTIPLE APPLICATIONS TESTING ENVIRONMENT
Author:	Ms.SMITHA.P.S, Dr.N.SANKARRAM
Abstract:	The objective of the work is to propose a safe composable and Stable Testing Model when multiple software components are to be integrated .The functionalities, interface, platforms are heterogeneous and hence the composition may give a correct outcome but not safe. In case of safety critical application and dynamic business transaction framework, a safe composable and stable execution of components is needed. In order to ensure Software Safety, A model is proposed where verification assist validation in ensuring complete Safeness across multiple product lines .This paper proposes a safe composable Testing Model which ensures the safe composability of components by constructing a Finite State Machine and thereby checking for safety by computational tree logic which assist in interface testing and generation of test cases for ensuring the complete coverage of test cases.
Keywords:	Safe , Composable , Finite State Machine, Coverage, Safety
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN ENHANCED SEMI-APRIORI ALGORITHM FOR MINING ASSOCIATION RULES
Author:	SALLAM OSMAN FAGEERI, ROHIZA AHMAD, BAHARUM B. BAHARUDIN
Abstract:	Mining association rules in large database is one of data mining and knowledge discovery research issue, although many algorithms have been designed to efficiently discover the frequent pattern and association rules, Apriori and its variations are still suffer the problem of iterative strategy to discover association rules, that’s required large process. In Apriori and Apriori-like principle it’s known that the algorithms cannot perform efficiently due to high and repeatedly database passes. In this paper we introduced an enhanced Semi- Apriori algorithm for mining frequent itemset as well as association rule, the algorithm work as follow, in the first step we use the first two steps used in Apriori algorithm in order to eliminate the repeatedly databases passes, in the third step we start discovering the rest of frequent pattern. In order to minimize the execution time as well as generating large number of candidate sets, we implement an enhanced Semi-Apriori algorithm using a binary based data structure, which is illustrated in details in enhanced Semi-Apriori technique section. Extensive experiments had been carried out, through comparing an enhanced Semi-Apriori with Apriori algorithm, the result show that our technique outperform Apriori in terms of execution time.
Keywords:	Data Mining, Frequent Items, Association Rules, Support, Confidence.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE OF MOBILITY MODELS ON GEOGRAPHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOLS
Author:	N. PALANISAMY, Dr.V. MURALIBHASKARAN
Abstract:	Geographical routing is preferred for scalability in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). The main method to evaluate the characteristics of geographical routing is a simulation model that provides significant benefits for future research through the exploration of different routing metrics and mobility models. For real-time applications, it is obligatory to estimate the performance of routing protocol under realistic movement scenarios. High node mobility and different mobility models have a direct impact on routing. The realistic mobility modeling approach is essential to quantify and qualify the protocol in real-time network environment. Thus, the node mobility is often estimated through the use of synthetic mobility models when realistic models are not applicable practically. This paper mainly focuses on the impact of geographical routing protocols under high node mobility and different mobility models. Geographic routing routes the data packets using greedy fashion that only relies on node location and distance information. Node mobility and mobility models have a severe impact on the correctness of location information, in turn influences the performance of geographic routing. This work considers well-known geographical routing protocols such as Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) and Position based Opportunistic Routing (POR) to evaluate routing performance under an entity and group mobility model. Finally, the simulation model illustrates how the routing performance of geographic routing protocols drastically varies with a high frequency of node mobility under different mobility models.
Keywords:	Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Entity and Group Mobility Models, Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing, Position based Opportunistic Routing, Simulation Model
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	WBC IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING MODIFIED FUZZY POSSIBILISTIC C-MEANS ALGORITHM
Author:	S. RAVIKUMAR, Dr. A. SHANMUGAM
Abstract:	Medical Image Segmentation becomes vital process for its proper detection and diagnosis of diseases. In which accurate White Blood Cells segmentation becomes important issue because differential counting, plays a major role in the determination the diseases and based on it the treatment is followed for the patients. To address this work here various fuzzy based clustering techniques are proposed. Already known that Clustering plays a major role for its further process and reduced results will affect its further classification or other processes. The Standard Fuzzy C Means and Standard Fuzzy Possibilistic C Means are modified and its performance is evaluated by various measures and proved as a successful technique.
Keywords:	White Blood Cells (WBCs), Red Blood Cells (RBCs), Fuzzy C Means (FCM), Modified Fuzzy C Means (FCM), Fuzzy Possibilistic C Means (FPCM), Modified Fuzzy Possibilistic C Means (MFPCM).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A NOVEL APPROACH TO INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Author:	JAYASANTHI RANJITH , MUNIRAJ NJR
Abstract:	Independent component analysis (ICA) is a computational method, based on neural learning algorithm, to separate source signals from the observed mixtures by assuming that the sources are non-Gaussian in nature. Convergence speed, Area and Power are important parameters to be improved in VLSI implementation of ICA techniques, since they involve large number of iterative calculations, area and power. This paper presents a novel fast confluence adaptive independent component analysis (FCAICA) technique for separation of signals from their two observed mixtures. The reduction in area and power is achieved by hardware optimization by replacing random generator unit by means of comparator. High convergence speed is achieved by a novel optimization scheme that adaptively changes the weight vector based on the kurtosis value. To increase the number precision and dynamic range of the signals, floating-point (FP) arithmetic units are used. Simulation, synthesis and backend analysis are carried out with ALTERA Quartus II Tool 11.1. The FCA ICA algorithm performs well for convergence time, maximum operating frequency, area and power. Also it is more effective compared with most popular FastICA and Evolutionary ICA algorithms.
Keywords:	Adaptive Independent component analysis,Contrast function optimization, Floating point,Very Large Scale Integration, Convergence speed.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	SEMANTIC AND FUZZY ASPECTS OF OPINION MINING
Author:	MAQBOOL AL-MAIMANI , NAOMIE SALIM, AHMED M. AL-NAAMANY
Abstract:	In recent years the amount of opinions and reviews available on the web has grown tremendously and therefore the role of sentiment analysis is even more crucial than before. Given the very ambiguous and imprecise nature of sentiments and of their expressions, this study focuses on the review of semantic and fuzzy aspects of opinion mining. Opinions are fuzzy in nature and dealing with the semantic part of the expressed sentiments possesses many challenges and require effective techniques to properly extract and summarize people’s views. Previous studies have often reflected that the use of fuzzy logic techniques have proved to be beneficial in mining reviews. This paper presents a review covering the semantic and Fuzzy-based logic techniques and methods in sentiment analysis and challenges appear in the field.
Keywords:	Opinion, Opinion Mining, Sentiment Analysis, Fuzzy Logic, Semantic Orientation, Subject And Objective Information
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	OPINION MINING: APPROACHES, RESOURCES AND CHALLENGES
Author:	MAQBOOL AL-MAIMANI , NAOMIE SALIM, AHMED M. AL-NAAMANY
Abstract:	Web2.0 has contributed tremendously towards the rapid growth of web contents which ensures that customers utilize existing blogs, discussion forums, e-commerce and many other sites to express their opinions and read reviews of other people on different products and services which they plan to procure. Such an online wealth of information over the web has helped customers, firms, manufacturers, service providers, social and government units to take proper decision to procure or enhance various products and services. This practice has triggered the need to enhance existing methods and techniques to extract and summarize opinions from different online reviews. This paper surveys recent and leading methods and techniques that are used for opinion mining and then outlines available resources which have been developed in this regard. The paper also presents few challenges and open issues that need to be addressed and researched in more depth in order to improve the way opinions are extracted and summarized to users and other interested groups.
Keywords:	Mining; Sentiment Analysis; NLP; Objective; Subjective; Polarity; Items; Features
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED WEB-BASED RADIOLOGY INFORMATION SYSTEM WITH RADIO DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING MODALITY IN RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
Author:	DANIEL KARTAWIGUNA, VINA GEORGIANA
Abstract:	The utilization of information technology in health care information systems tends to be slower compared with the other areas. Some of the reasons are because of these areas have special characteristics which are: 1) the data and information in the medical information systems consist of many data types, such as alphanumeric, graphics, images, and sounds; 2) health workers are always mobile in performing their duties; 3) the source data is not only coming from the physician or health worker but also could be obtained from high-tech medical equipment; 4) when an error occurs in any health care data processing could caused death to the patient. The main function of the medical information system is not only used for management purposes but it also used for managing clinical data that will be useful for the development of medical science. Radiology department is one of the hospital departments that use many computerized systems. Therefore, the implementation of information systems in radiology departments will provide tangible benefits to patients and the health care service provider itself. The objective of this study is to develop a model of a web-based radiology information system based on medical workflows and integrated with the radio diagnostic imaging modality. The research method used on this study is data collection through literature review, interviews, observations, and surveys/questionnaires, as well as information systems analysis and design methods using Object Oriented approach with Unified Process and system modeling using Unified Modeling Language. Through an understanding of the radiology workflow and analysis of current system in operation, we will build a model of a web-based Radiology Information System which is integrated with radio diagnostic imaging modalities. Utilization of web-based radiology information system integrated with radio diagnostic imaging modality will optimize workflow in radiology department to become leaner. In addition, the results of the examination can be managed easily, reported correctly, and archived better.
Keywords:	Radiology Information Systems, Web-based, Radiology Workflow, Unified Modeling Language, Imaging Modality
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	TEXTURE CONTENT BASED MRI IMAGE RETRIEVAL USING GABOR WAVELET AND PROGRESSIVE RETRIEVAL STRATEGY
Author:	N. KUMARAN, R. BHAVANI
Abstract:	Due to the vast number of medical technologies and equipments the medical images are growing at a rapid rate. This directs to retrieve efficient medical images based on visual contents. This paper proposed the content based medical image retrieval system by means of Gabor wavelet to extract texture features of MRI scan images. Then the k-means clustering, progressive retrieval strategy and Euclidean distance are used to retrieve best MRI scan images for the query image in medical diagnosis. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of this system in clusters accuracy and best MRI scan image retrieval against standard Haralick’s, texture spectrum and Gabor wavelet based texture features.
Keywords:	CBMIR, Euclidean Distance, Gabor Wavelet, K-Means Clustering, Progressive Retrieval
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF VISUALIZATION QUALITY FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) OBJECTS OF 3D MAP ON MOBILE DEVICE FOR NAVIGATION AID
Author:	ADAMU ABUBAKAR, SARDJOENI MOEDJIONO, TEDDY MANTORO, AKRAM ZEKI, HARUNA CHIROMA
Abstract:	Previous studies have shown some key factors that influence the success of visualization quality for 3D objects of 3D map on Personal computers (PCs) and Laptops’, crucial to that is the 3D computational processing capabilities of PCs and Laptops. Unfortunately 3D applications on mobile devices are hindered by the lack of efficient mobile rendering interfaces, low computational resources and direct 3D rendering at interactive rates. Although recently there are several attempts of building complicated 3D map visualization tasks on mobile devices, yet there is still problem of visualization quality of 3D objects of 3D map on a mobile device, this could be attributed to salient features which this paper try to uncover. An experiment that is aimed at investigating how people visualized 3D objects and orient themselves with the 3D map view on a mobile device for navigation assistance was carried out. The result indicates that the size and shape of 3D objects of 3D map significantly aided orientation, but there are no significant differences between the size and color. The 3D map view can increase the user’s sense of presence; however, 3D map projections tend to represent familiar scenes by collections of their 2D views. This paper shows visual variations of complex 3D map scenes on small-screen mobile devices, with a single object-centered 3D map projection.
Keywords:	3D objects, 3D map projection, Mobile device, Object-centered, Visualization
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	SUSTAINABLE ROAD LAYOUT DESIGN FOR LIVE ABLE AREA (TAMBARAM) WITH THE AID OF FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM
Author:	Er. K. YOGESWARI, E. RASUL MOHIDEEN
Abstract:	When the transport system convinces four criteria such as transport management, safety management, environmental management and energy management with cent percentage, then the transport system is believed to be sustainable transportation. To offer such road layout, road width, human population in that region, Average number of vehicles considering of all four types such as LMV, HMV, Auto and two wheelers passes is taken into concern with the land use and accident case of 2013. Along with the accident management and transport management, the related layout will be presented and the contribution of all the 4 major parameters will be underlined. In this suggested work I have intent fuzzy logic system for this practice and have select the Tambaram region which will select sustainable road layout plan and furthermore the individual input of each factors involve in sustainable transport for a particular area. Tambaram Town is located 24 K.M. south of the Capital City of Chennai. Tambaram is expressed as Gateway of the Beautiful Metropolitan City, Chennai which is the Municipal Town. Tambaram has an excellent transport network. It has both the train and road modes of transports which every day carry a large volume of traffic and furnish to the necessitates of people. As a result by our suggested method we have raised the existing lanes with 77% in total and so the total combination due to traffic will be decreased, thus sustainability is created.
Keywords:	Sustainable Transport, Congestion, Fuzzy Logic, Energy Management, Environment Management, Transport Management, Safety Management
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ADAPTIVE GENETIC BASED WATER FILLING APPROACH FOR POWER AND BIT ALLOCATION IN MIMO OFDM SYSTEMS
Author:	B.SATHISH KUMAR, Dr.K.R.SHANKAR KUMAR
Abstract:	MIMO is combined with OFDM to develop the performance of wireless transmission systems. Multiple antennas are used together at the transmitting and receiving ends. The performance of an OFDM system is calculated, taking into consideration multipath delay spread, channel noise, Rayleigh fading channel and distortion. In this paper, bits are generated and then mapped with modulation schemes like QPSK, PSK and QAM. After that, the mapped data is separated through blocks of 120 modulated data whereas a training sequence of the data is inserted both at the beginning and ending parts of the block. The equalization is used to find out the variation to the rest of data. For a Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system with universal space-time codes and least-squared decoders, this study provides an improved eigenmodes transmission based on to the equivalent channel matrix. Through novel eigenmodes, data symbols encoded by space-time codes can be steered to these eigenmodes analogous to MIMO wireless communication systems with single-carrier transmission. Furthermore, the relations between different code-rate space-time codes, system capacity and number of eigenmodes are measured by numerical simulation. For this, water filling scheme and Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA) is proposed here for bit allocation and determining the optimal transmits powers for orthogonal eigenmodes. Also, for power adaptation two approaches are proposed, primarily the conventional water-filling algorithm and in second technique adaptive Genetic Algorithm is used to choose the optimum power vector. Simulation result shows that the proposed approach provides better results when compared with other existing approaches.
Keywords:	Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Power Allocation, Bit Allocation, Water filling, Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	TRAFFIC BASED RANDOM DEPLOYMENT OF RELAY NODES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	K. RAMALAKSHMI, DR.K. THANUSHKODI
Abstract:	Relay nodes are used in the transfer of the data packets to the base station (BS) via the sensor nodes (SN). The placement of RNs influences the lifetime and connectivity of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system. A traffic aware random deployment technique for the relay nodes is proposed in this paper. The scalability and traffic of the WSN are analyzed. A traffic aware RN selection is performed for both single hop and multi hop communication cases. Traffic based random deployment methods of RN, namely, lifetime-oriented deployment, and hybrid deployment, solve the issue of a short WSN lifetime and insufficient energy utilization. The trade-off between the lifetime extension and connectivity of SN in a WSN is considered in the performance analysis. The proposed method provides an efficient approach for the placement of RNs in a heterogeneous WSN.
Keywords:	Base Station (BS), Biased Energy Consumption Rate (BECR), Data Collection Round (DCR), Energy Depletion Intensity (EDI), Relay Node (RN), and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	EXPLORATIVE STUDY OF HEALTHCARE DATA INTERCHANGE STANDARDS
Author:	USHA BATRA, SAURABH MUKHERJEE, AJETA NANDAL, SHELLY SACHDEVA
Abstract:	Healthcare data interchange standards are important aspect for achieving interoperability for health information exchanges. However, there is a big void in literature that could clearly differentiate among available healthcare standards with a motive of necessity of upgrading to new standards resulting in cost effective and efficient standard to support interoperability for a National Healthcare Information System (NHIS). These standards act as key to achieve semantic interoperability in health sector to ensure patient information availability anytime and right at the point of care. In this paper we present a study and a comparative review of healthcare interoperability standards as a means of meeting the desired semantic interoperability and integration of stovepipe applications of varied Electronic Medical Records in a heterogeneous environment and achieving efficient Electronic Health Record. This study gives a flash tour on healthcare standards in terms of their scope, advantages, level of interoperability support and challenges. The paper also shows how the standards can be upgraded to next level by a possible inclusion of web services concept.
Keywords:	Electronic Health Record, Electronic Medical Records, Healthcare Data Interchange Standards, Healthcare Information System National, Interoperability, Semantic Interoperability
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INTELLIGENT CONTROLLERS FOR BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR
Author:	P. SELVAKUMAR T.KANNADASAN
Abstract:	In this paper, Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDC) Drive using Matlab/Simulink is presented by developing an efficient Simulation model using Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC).An efficient control of BLDC motor is controlled by FLC. A Comparative study of PID and FLC for speed and torque under various conditions were simulated and compared. The performance of the controllers is evaluated more precisely from various simulation studies for variations in the load torque and speed of BLDC motor drive. A performance comparison of two controllers is also carried out by taking various performance measures such as settling time, steady state error and peaks overshoot. The results confirm that the developed simulation model is very convenient for the precise evaluation of performance and the FLC shows improved performance over the PID controller in terms of disturbance rejection.
Keywords:	BLDC Motor, Electric Drive Simulation, Fuzzy Logic, Matlab/Simulink
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ENHANCING DATA SECURITY USING DES WITH HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION
Author:	LAKSHMI KANTHAM, Dr.S.RAVI
Abstract:	Network security has become an important issue in organization, business and public data handling and has grown exponentially in recent times. The threats to the valuable information on the network are becoming more widespread and more sophisticated. This work focuses on secure communication between end-points terminal and protect information during transmission. In this paper, DES algorithm is implemented on ARM processor using embedded C and provides better efficiency with hardware implementation is demonstrated.
Keywords:	Trusted Nodes, Data Security, Data Encryption Standard (DES)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	MODELING, ANALYSIS AND IFO CONTROL METHOD FOR CSI FED 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE
Author:	M. ARUL PRASANNA, DR. V. RAJASEKARAN, DR. I. GERALD CHRISTOPHER RAJ, N. PANNEER SELVAM
Abstract:	This Paper presents the review of theoretical concepts used in simulation and hardware implementation of Indirect Field oriented (IFO) Control for CSI fed Induction Motor (IM) drives. IFOC is the most common Induction Motor drive because of its use of moderate amounts of parameter information to give a commendable performance. This is achieved in the absence of high level sophistication and by successfully operating at very low speed (including zero speed startup). In this paper, the IM model for current fed Rotor Field Oriented (RFO) control method is presented. Indirect Field oriented (IFO) controller and rotor flux estimator are designed. The Simulink implementation of IFOC to CSI fed IM drive is presented. Transient response analysis tables and other simulation results are presented and discussed. The most important contributions in this paper are Simulation structure of IM model in rotor flux frame, rotor flux estimator using current and speed are developed and implemented in MATLAB-Simulink, Simulation structure and implementation of IFOC to CSI fed IM drive is presented, Dynamic performance of the controller is investigated; Tabular form of the simulation results is also presented. Brief experimental results are presented for IFOC method for speed control using TMS320F2812 DSP based hardware setup.
Keywords:	Induction Motor, IFOC, RFO, VSI, CSI, MATLAB/Simulink.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FACTORS AFFECTING PROGRAMMER’S PERFORMANCE ON WEB-BASED PROGRAMMING
Author:	RYAN SAPUTRA , TOGAR ALAM NAPITUPULU
Abstract:	The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that are significantly influence and contribute to the performance of programmers. Data obtained using questionnaires distributed to randomly chosen programmers in Jakarta. The method uses Confirmatory Factor Analysis as measurement model and multiple linear regression analysis as the structural model. The data was processed using SPSS AMOS. The results are the factors that affect the performance of a programmer are: Knowledge of Software, GPA, Analytical Skills, Income Level, Level management of best practice, leadership of supervisors, Teamwork skill, Business Process Knowledge, Organizational Experiences, and the work environment. It is suggested that these factors should be considered both in hiring process and in development of training materials for web programmers.
Keywords:	Factors, Programmer’s Performance, Programmer
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A CLOCK CONTROL STRATEGY BASED CLUSTERING METHOD FOR PEAK POWER AND RMS CURRENT REDUCTION
Author:	T.KOWSALYA, DR.S.PALANISWAMI
Abstract:	In VLSI circuits, peak power and RMS current reduction are the challenging tasks. Both power density and peak power are proportional to each other. If these parameters are reduced, it may lead to a timing violation and logic failures. In order to overcome these failures, Clock Control Strategy based Clustering Method (CCSCM) is proposed. In the proposed clustering method, we design to reduce the path delays, to find the inequality paths and to make it equality through a slack values using slack variables. In previous method, benchmark circuits are used which results in finding difficult in a slack delay and RMS current reduction. But in our proposed algorithm, CMOS full adder is developed which make use of finite impulse response (FIR) filter design based on the 180 NM technology. A 180 nm generation logic technology has been developed with high performance 140 nm LGATE transistors, six layers of aluminum interconnects and low-e SiOF dielectrics. The transistors are optimized for a reduced 1.3-1.5 V operation to provide high performance and low power. The interconnects feature high aspect ratio metal lines for low resistance and fluorine doped SiO2 inter-level dielectrics for reduced capacitance. 16 Mbit SRAMs with a 5.59 mm2 6-T cell size have been built on this technology as a yield and reliability test vehicle.
Keywords:	LGATE, Clock Control Strategy Based Clustering Method, FIR Filter, CMOS Full Adder, Path Delay, Slack Value, RMS Current Reduction.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	AN FPGA BASED OVERLAPPED QUASI CYCLIC LDPC DECODER FOR WI-MAX
Author:	G.AMIRTHA GOWRI, S.SUBHA RANI
Abstract:	In this paper, we present a partially parallel Quasi cyclic Low Density Parity Check decoder architecture for WiMAX IEEE 802.16e standard. Two phase message passing Min-sum decoding algorithm is used to decode the Low Density Parity Check codes. The decoder is designed for code rate ½ and code length of 576 bits and 2304bits. The decoder is easily configurable to support different code lengths of WiMAX IEEE 802.16e standard. In the proposed architecture, two phases of decoding are overlapped to increase the throughput and hardware utilization is increased. In this work , a novel configurable variable node processor is introduced to increase the hardware utilization. The proposed architectures are implemented on Xilinx Virtex V xc5vlx110-3-ff676 FPGA.
Keywords:	Field programmable Gate Arrays, Min-sum Decoding Algorithm, Quasi cyclic Low Density Parity check Codes.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ENHANCEMENT IN WORKING PERFORMANCE OF CUSTOM POWER DEVICE USING DIFFERENT CONTROLLING METHODS
Author:	M. KALYANASUNDARAM, Dr. S. SURESHKUMAR
Abstract:	With increasing applications of nonlinear and electronically switched devices in distribution systems and industries, Power-Quality (PQ) problems, like harmonics, neutral current elimination, reactive power has become an unavoidable issue. The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) of shunt and series inverter having a common Direct Current (DC) link. The UPQC in distribution has made it possible to mitigate the following problems effectively. The UPQC has been realized by Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). The controlling algorithm determines the production of controlling signals which is used by the VSIs for the generation of their gating signals. The variation of performance of the device occurs with the different controlling algorithms .This paper proposes the comparison of performance of two mainly used algorithms namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The two controlling algorithms are used in a Fuzzy Controller (FC). In addition to this Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory with modified Phase Locked Loop (PLL) is used in both cases for better performance. The main PQ issues concentrated in this paper relates to reactive power compensation, harmonics elimination and neutral current elimination. The performance is being investigated in an IEEE 118 bus system. Simulation outputs have been obtained through MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Keywords:	Power Quality, Unified Power Quality Conditioner, Particle Swarm Optimization, Synchronous Reference Frame, Genetic Algorithm.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ENERGY EFFICIENT DYNAMIC ADAPTIVE SELF-CONFIGURABLE NETWORK PROCESSOR
Author:	SATHEESH ABIMANNAN, KUMAR DURAI, JAYAKUMAR KARUPPAIAH
Abstract:	In the current generation of network technology, the performance penalties are very severe due to poor resource allocation, especially when the traffic mix is non-uniform. Network processors, one of the recent popular network devices, inspite of their immense computing power and abundant resources, are being underutilized, especially in common applications. This paper explores the concept of self-configurable environment for the Intel IXP 2400 Network Processor (NP), which would dynamically reconfigure its resources/services based on the traffic flow. The objective of this paper is to transform the IXP2400 NP into a self-configurable environment. Microengines (MEs) are the more power hungry components of NP and IXP2400 NP consists of eight micro-engines (MEs) for packet processing. Our method involved the optimization of the usage of MEs based on network fluctuations and reduction of energy consumption by NP. The control plane constantly monitored the traffic arrival rate in the system and based on the workload, the MEs were switched on/off without any packet loss. We employed enhanced NePSim2.0 (e-NePSim) to estimate the power consumption of IXP2400 NP. Finally, our method could bring about an overall power consumption of up to 25-28% without affecting the performance of the system.
Keywords:	Network Processor, Microengine, Self-configuration, power consumption, control plane, NePSim2.0.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	THE DESIGN DECISION OF ONLINE GAME DEVELOPMENT BASED ON A MCDM MODEL COMBINING DEMATEL WITH ANP METHOD
Author:	BANG-NING HWANG, NAI-YUAN PAI, CHENG-CHANG LU, YUN KEN
Abstract:	As game users are the main body of the gaming market, the allocation of design resources should be undertaken to meet the requirements of game users. Based on the literature on online games, this paper constructed a hierarchical system structure for online games, including three major design dimensions and nine design criteria. Then, DEMATEL with the ANP (DANP) method was adopted to evaluate the relationships among different game design items and to rank their importance, thus ascertaining the design strategy of online games. The study results show that extrinsic motivation is the most important design factor, and that game motivation can be influenced by game content design and game quality. This study suggests that online game developers invest design resources in virtual products and role customization functions, and continue to assign new game objects to game users to encourage them to continue playing the game. Additionally, there is no need to invest large amounts of resources in game content design and game quality. However, a mechanism that can satisfy users’ game motivations should be added to help the game to stand out in the online game market.
Keywords:	Online game design, Game motivation, DEMATEL with ANP
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	INTRODUCING OF BARCODE TECHNOLOGY IN CREATING DRUG AWARENESS
Author:	C. BALA SARAVANAN, Dr.R.SUGUMAR
Abstract:	This study suggests and introduces a novel technology in medical informatics and medical data processing. The availability of timely information on side effects of drugs to consumers is considered to be very vital. However, due to various reasons dissemination of this information does not happen in an effective manner. This study aims to provide a solution to this problem by introducing a new bar code technique in the drugs packaging. Presently the bar code used contains product price details only. Through this paper the introduction of drug side effects details in the bar code along with pricing is suggested. This information can be transferred through medical store to the end user. The technology can be implemented and maintained through BCMA.Thus the BCMA creates drug awareness among patients and the bar code technology would impact the flow process as well as distribute the message of care for patients.
Keywords:	Big Data, Drug side effect, BCMA, Data matrix Barcode, Message send protocol HTTP.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	ENHANCED FAST ROBUSTNESS MEASUREMENT IN VIGOROUS DIGITAL IMAGE WATERMARKING VIA SELECTING OPTIMAL FEATURE POINTS
Author:	SATHYABAMA K, Dr.V.MANIKANDAN
Abstract:	The increasing amount of research on watermarking over the past decade has been largely driven by its important applications in digital copyrights management and protection for finding the effectiveness of the digital watermarking. The robustness of the digital watermarking has been analysed by different evolution measures and different attacks. In existing method the BER is used for selecting the optimal feature region from the watermarked image. But BER is not a more accurate image quality measure. So Modified version of Peak Signal Noise Ratio (MPSNR) is used in our proposed method. In our proposed method the optimal feature points can be selected from the watermarked image based on the enhanced quality measurement of which point resists the predefined and undefined attacks. For the enhanced quality measurement, the MPSNR value is used. Hence, our proposed method performance is analyzed by taking number of watermark images and finds the optimal feature points which resist both the predefined and undefined attacks more efficiently.
Keywords:	Digital image watermarking, SUSAN detector, Optimal Feature Point Set, Predefined and Undefined Attacks, MPSNR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PREDICTION OF JAKARTA COMPOSITE INDEX USING LEAST SQUARES SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES APPROACH
Author:	ELLEN SUWANDI, DIAZ D. SANTIKA
Abstract:	An accurate prediction of stock/index price is highly needed by investors and firms to help them make the right decision regarding to sell, buy, or hold their shares. Recently, a new method within the field of computational intelligence, i.e. Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM), has been investigated on its performance in predicting stock/index price. LSSVM algorithm itself is introduced as a modified version of SVM algorithm, where the computational complexity of Quadratic Programming (QP) problem in SVM is overcome by solving a set of linear equations instead. In this research, an LSSVM model is built to predict the daily close price of Jakarta Composite Index (JCI). As a comparison, other prediction models are built, namely SVM and ARIMA model which respectively represent the commonly used intelligent and conventional model. Experimental results show that LSSVM model outperforms SVM and ARIMA model in predicting the JCI close price.
Keywords:	Stock Index Prediction, Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM), Support Vector Machines (SVM), ARIMA, Jakarta Composite Index (JCI)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	FUZZY CONTROLLER FOR IMPROVING VOLTAGE PROFILE IN GRID CONNECTED WIND ENERGY SYSTEM WITH FACTS DEVICES
Author:	B.ASHOK KUMAR, Dr.N.KAMARAJ, C.K.SUBASRI
Abstract:	Wind farms equipped with squirrel cage induction generator can be improved with the help of Flexible Alternate Current Transmission System device. Power quality problem is a major issue with the increasing of wind power penetration in power system. Voltage sag is the reduction of RMS voltage to a value of 0.1 and 0.9 p.u. lasting for a very short duration. These voltage fluctuations can be eliminated with the help of advanced reactive power compensator device such as SVC and STATCOM. This work focus on design, modeling and analysis of FACTS device in wind farm interconnected with grid during fault. These devices can be controlled by Synchronous Reference Frame theory. The performance is analyzed with the help of PI controller and Fuzzy logic technique. The simulation studies have demonstrated the effective influences of the SVC and STATCOM on the improvement of voltage using MATLAB simulink and make the wind turbine generator to be in service even under fault conditions. It also shows that fuzzy logic controller gives better result when compared to PI controller.
Keywords:	Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), Static Var Compensator (SVC), Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), Voltage Source Converter (VSC), Proportional Integral Controller (PI).
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	A NOVEL APPROACH FOR PARTITIONING IN HADOOP USING ROUND ROBIN TECHNIQUE
Author:	GOTHAI E, BALASUBRAMANIE P
Abstract:	The Hadoop Distributed File System is constructed to store profoundly and immensely colossal data sets accurately and to send those data sets at huge bandwidth to end user applications. Hadoop gives a distributed file system and a structure for the analysis and conversion of profoundly and astronomically immense data sets utilizing the MapReduce paradigm. A paramount characteristic of Hadoop is the partitioning of data and computation across many of hosts and the execution of application computations in parallel proximate to their data. This paper recommends an enhanced partitioning algorithm utilizing round robin partitioning that advances load balancing and recollection utilization. A sequence of experimentations have exposed that given a skewed data sample, the Round Robin architecture was capable to reduce skew by distributing records on average when compared with subsisting Hash Partitioning. Experimentations demonstrate that the proposed method is efficient and more precise than the subsisting implementation.
Keywords:	Hadoop, Round Robin, Partitioning, Mapreduce
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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Title:	PROGNOSTIC OF ELECTRICAL MOTOR VIBRATION SIGNALS: A HYBRID TECHNIQUE
Author:	C.N. GNANAPRAKASAM, Dr. K.CHITRA
Abstract:	In this paper, a hybrid technique is proposed for detecting the vibration signal of electric motor. The proposed hybrid technique is the combination of S-transformation algorithm and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) technique. Initially, the pre-processing is applied in the electric motor signal such as normal and vibration. Then, the features of the signal are extracted by using S-transformation algorithm. With the help of the extracted features, the network is trained by back propagation training algorithm and the respective classes. The proposed hybrid technique is implemented in MATLAB working platform. The performance of the proposed hybrid technique is evaluated with three types of vibration signals. Performance of proposed method is analyzed by statistically measured and compared with S-transform-FFBNN and DWT-RBFNN techniques. From the comparative analysis, it has been shown that the proposed method has better accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.
Keywords:	Fault detection, pre processing, fault classification, S-transformation, FFBNN and RBFNN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 20 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 2 -- 2014
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