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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology
May 2014 | Vol. 63 No.3

Title:	FUZZY BASED DETECTION AND SWARM BASED AUTHENTICATED ROUTING IN MANET
Author:	K.SHANTHI, T.JEBARAJAN
Abstract:	In mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), Artificial Intelligence (AI) based distributed intrusion detection (DIDS) techniques are very rarely available. In general, these techniques are used for either detection or authentication process. In this paper, we propose a combined approach named as fuzzy based intrusion detection and swarm based authenticated routing in MANET. This technique involves the detection of attacker level of the nodes in the network layers such as MAC layer, physical layer and routing layer using fuzzy logic technique. Based on the detected attacker level, the trust value of each node is updated. When source node wants to transmit a data packet to the destination, the route with trustworthy nodes is selected using swarm based ant colony optimization (ACO) technique. By simulation results, we show that proposed technique enhances the secured data communication.
Keywords:	MANET, Authentication, Routing, Attack
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	HARMONIC REDUCTION COMPARISON IN MULTILEVEL INVERTERS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
Author:	ROSLI OMAR, MOHAMMED. RASHEED, AHMED AL-JANAD, MARIZAN SULAIMAN, ZULKIFILIE. IBRAHIM
Abstract:	This paper presents the simulation studies adapters� type of multi-level consists of H-bridge cascade imposed to reduce harmonic for high power applications. Applications of multilevel converters are able to reduce the number of harmonics contained in the system of low-voltage electrical distribution. This study deals with a comparative analysis between the three stages of imposed multilevel inverter circuits cascaded H-bridge inverter with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) strategies. Used five to nine levels SPWM inverter with the functions of the switching of the principles of mitigation of harmonic components of the output voltage of the multilevel converters operation. The simulation results show that the total harmonic distortion of the effort (THDV) adapters for multiple outputs levels and decreased both realized on the basis of the content of the low standard IEC.
Keywords:	Multilevel inverter, H-Bridge inverter (CHB), SPWM.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MARKOV MODEL WITH CLUSTERING AND ASSOCIATION RULE MINING FOR BETTER WEB PAGE PREDICTION
Author:	P.SAMPATH, Dr.AMITABH WAHI, D.RAMYA
Abstract:	Web page prediction, that involves personalizing web users behavior and also helps the web master to improve the website structure and helps the user in navigating the site and accessing the information. World Wide Web is a huge storage place for pages and links. So that the browser can get the information through the storage place. But it takes more time to reach the users targeted page. Intermediatly browsers have to visit many unwanted links instead of targetted page. Here, different techniques has been investigate to predict the next set of webpage based on the previous action of browsers behaviour for which the log files are collected and maintained. Two different predicting techniques namely markov model along with clustering and modified markov model along with association rule mining are applied to find out web page prediction. Thus the comparison of markov model along with clustering and modified markov model along with association rule mining shows better result for page prediction.
Keywords:	Markov Model(MM), Modified Markov Model(MMM), Markov Model with Clustering(IMC), Markov Model with Association Rule Mining(MM-AR),Web Mining.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EMBS: ENERGY EFFICIENT MULTIPLE BASE STATION PLACEMENT IN A CLUSTERED WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	K. PADMANABHAN, S. P. SHANTHARAJAH
Abstract:	Wireless sensor networks consist of energy constrained sensor nodes. The main challenge of the researchers is to utilize the energy of the wireless sensor network in an efficient manner. By minimizing the energy usage, the network lifetime can be improved. Energy efficiency can be obtained by using various techniques. Optimal base station placement is one of the techniques used to minimize the energy consumption. The sensor nodes in the network forward their sensed data to the base station either directly (single-hop) or indirectly (multi-hop). The distance between the source and the sink determines the level of energy consumption. The more distance between the sender and the receiver consumes more energy. By using proper routing algorithms, the distance between the node and the base station can be minimized. In our paper, we propose an energy efficient base station placement in a clustered wireless sensor networks (EMBS) to improve the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. Network Simulator tools were used to evaluate the performance of the system.
Keywords:	Base Station Positioning, clustering, energy efficiency, multiple base stations, Wireless Sensor Network.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAL X-RAY IMAGES FOR AUTOMATED ANNOTATION
Author:	SUMATHI GANESAN, T. S. SUBASHINI
Abstract:	Of late, the amount of digital X-ray images that are produced in hospitals is increasing rapidly. Efficient storing, processing and classifying X-ray images have thus become an important research topic. Due to the increase in medical digital images, there is a rising need of managing this data properly and accessing them accurately. To overcome the difficulties of manual classification, the automated method is preferable and hence proposed in this work, wherein an effort has been made to automatically classify X-rays at the macro level (coarse level) using SVM classifier with six classes of X-ray images being taken, viz., chest, foot, spine, neck, head, and palm. Each class consists of 30 images collected from IRMA database. Initially, pre-processing is performed by using the M3 filter and its region-of-interest is found by applying connected component labeling (CCL) and both the shape and texture features were extracted. The fusion of shape and texture features gave a better performance of 96.56%.
Keywords:	Medical X-ray image classification, Gray level Co-occurrence matrix, Principle Component Analysis, Discrete Cosine Transformation, Zernike moments and Support Vector Machine.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EFFICIENT AND DISTRIBUTED CLUSTERING SCHEME WITH MOBILE SINK FOR HETEROGENEOUS MULTI-LEVEL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	ALAMI CHAIBRASSOU, AHMED MOUHSEN, ISMAIL LAGRAT
Abstract:	Wireless sensor nodes are typically powered by non-rechargeable batteries and deployed in an area of interest to supervise or monitor various phenomena (temperature, pressure, humidity...). So, constrained energy is the most important feature of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In WSNs, saving energy and extending network lifetime are great challenges. Clustering is a key technique used to optimize energy consumption in WSNs. However, sensor networks with fixed sink node or Base Station (BS) often suffer from a hot spots problem since nodes near to sink have more traffic burden to forward during a multi-hop transmission process. The use of mobile sinks has been shown to be an effective technique to enhance network performance features such as latency, energy efficiency, network lifetime, etc. In this paper an Efficient and Distributed Clustering Scheme with Mobile Sink (EDCSMS) for Heterogeneous Multi-level Wireless Sensor Networks is proposed. In EDCSMS, the cluster-heads (CHs) are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of each node and the average energy of the network, the BS moves towards each CH by a distance proportional to the weight of its probability. Furthermore, normal nodes select the optimal cluster-head based on the cost function. Finally, Simulation using MATLAB software shows that our proposed protocol achieves longer lifetime, stability period and more effective messages to BS than LEACH, DEEC, EDCS in multi-level heterogeneous environments.
Keywords:	Wireless Sensor Networks, BS Movement, Cost Function, Lifetime, Multi-Level Heterogeneous Environments.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	GROUPING BASED SCHEDULING WITH RESOURCE FAILURE HANDLING IN COMPUTATIONAL GRID
Author:	P. LATCHOUMY, P. SHEIK ABDUL KHADER
Abstract:	Grid computing provides a virtual framework that integrates resources and services distributed across multiple controlled domains. Grouping based job scheduling is an important issue in grid computing in aspects of minimizing the processing time and maximizing the resource utilization. In particular, reliable scheduling is very important for efficient job execution. In general the failure of resources affects job execution during runtime fatally due to dynamic nature of grid environment. Our proposed system, grouping based scheduling with resource failure handling handles the resource failure before and after allocating the grouped fine-grained jobs with the suitable resources in computational grid. In this system, the reliability of sites is monitored and the historical data is used for predicting resource failures. This information is taken into account when jobs groups are created and dispatched to resources. Hence, it minimizes the probability of job failure during execution. And our scheduler also can recover the failed job group by an appropriate recovery method with last checkpoint using reduced check pointing time strategy within the specified deadline. Due to resource failure, even high processing power resource may not be completed the job successfully and hence it increases the number of rescheduling and minimizes the resource utilization. Our proposed failure handling method is to provide reliable job execution with minimum processing time and maximum resource utilization. Through simulation we have evaluated the performance of the system. In this method, job grouping based scheduling with resource failure handling algorithm is developed for the grid environment to provide guaranteed service to the grid user within the specified deadline.
Keywords:	Capability Value (RCV), Resource Failure Prediction, Group Performance Time (GPT), Group Checkpointing Time (GCPT), Resource Utilization.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF CASCADED FIVE AND SEVEN LEVEL INVERTER FED INDUCTION MOTOR
Author:	MANOJ KUMAR.N , KALIAPPAN.E , CHELLAMUTHU.C
Abstract:	This paper presents the performance analysis of cascaded multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive. It deals with the study and analysis of five-level and seven-level inverters for three phase induction motor drive. Both five-level and seven-levels are realized by cascading the two H-bridge inverters. To minimize the harmonic distortion in the output waveform without decreasing the inverter power output a sinusoidal modulation technique is employed. A model for multilevel inverter fed induction motor is developed and simulated using PSIM package under steady state and transient condition to prove their merits.
Keywords:	Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) And Induction Motor.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	HIGH SPEED VLSI ARCHITECTURE FOR NON SEPARABLE BLOCK BASED LIFTING WAVELET TRANSFORM
Author:	USHA BHANU.N , Dr.A.CHILAMBUCHELVAN
Abstract:	The inherent advantage of the in-place computation of the lifting based DWT over the conventional convolution method makes it suitable for efficient hardware implementation with lower computational complexity. The proposed paper uses Non Separable block based method to derive the VLSI architecture for the two dimensional DWT. In separable lifting DWT, the desired filter coefficients at each level are dependent on previous output level and this introduces delay or latency in DWT decomposition. The proposed Non�separable architecture contains floating point multipliers and adders based on IEEE 754 single precision format. It requires six lifting steps for the implementation of 9/7 lossy lifting DWT and the latency is reduced when compared to separable DWT. It is suitable for handling a parallel block of 4�4 input image coefficients at each level, for achieving higher speed and dynamic accuracy. The architecture is coded in Hardware Description Language and implemented in Altera Cyclone II FPGA. The critical path delay for the proposed Non Separable architecture is 3.189 ns, with a speed of 313.58 MHz. The total thermal power dissipation of the architecture is 128.59 mW, suitable for low power embedded multimedia applications.
Keywords:	Block Based Scanning, Floating Point Arithmetic, FPGA Implementation, Lifting DWT, Non Separable And Separable DWT.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	LOCATION VERIFICATION TECHNIQUE FOR SECURE GEOGRAPHICAL ROUTING IN VANET
Author:	A.PUNITHA, J. MARTIN LEO MANICKAM
Abstract:	The geographical path routing has more benefits in Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET). However, the lack of location verification scheme results in cruel security attacks. In this paper, location verification technique for secure geographical routing in VANET that encodes the geographical locations of nodes using geographic hashes is proposed. Data packets are transmitted securely over the communication channel through private and public keys of a node. The next hop is carefully chosen by geographic routing. This technique uses two step location verification schemes. First, when data is transmitted from the source to its next hop, the packet is verified through reliability checks. Then, validation of its location is done by distance bounding scheme.The proposed solution effectively secures the geographical routing with valuable location verification schemes. By simulation, we show that the proposed technique defends various attacks by reducing the packet drop and increasing the packet delivery ratio.
Keywords:	Location Verification, Geographical Routing, VANET, Security
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK USING COOPERATIVE COMMUNICATION
Author:	FEMILA.L, DR.V.VIJAYARANGAN
Abstract:	Cooperative communication (CC) is a competent method to acknowledge the quality of service (QoS) communication in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). In MANETs, mobile nodes are generally power-driven by batteries with limited energy supplies therefore, these networks are commonly known as power constrained. Topology control is to resolve the transmission power nodes so as to increase network connectivity and increase the energy efficiency. To this end, this paper utilizes the CC to link disconnected networks in order to reduce transmission power of nodes with increases network connectivity. In this paper, we propose the energy efficient routing for MANET, which exploits cooperative communication with topology control. Our approach works on physical layer with cooperative communication and proposes two routing algorithms: 1) Non Cooperative Routing scheme (NCR) and 2) Cooperative Routing (CR) scheme. In simulation results, the proposed algorithms are compared with existing methods to prove the efficiency of our proposed method.
Keywords:	Mobile ad hoc network, Cooperative Communication, Energy efficient, Topology control, Routing, Transmission power.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	AN ENERGY EFFICIENT LINEAR CHAIN-BASED CLUSTERING ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	SUMITHRA S , ARULDOSS ALBERT VICTOIRE T
Abstract:	A highly distributed network with number of nodes deployed in a wide area for the accumulation and transmission of information perceived by monitoring the environment to the remote base station and facilitation analysis is the Wireless Sensor Network. Sensor nodes are highly power limited leading to depletion in a short span of time. The main challenge defamation is in designing a routing mechanism with efficient energy utilization, minimal delay and the network life time is high. In this paper we propose a routing protocol and data gathering using linear chain and binary combining schemes where the sensor nodes configure the cluster. The linear chaining is the communication and data gathering, aggregation is happening only through the Cluster Head. We develop an energy-efficient chaining algorithm which uses a sequence of insertions to add the least amount of energy consumption to the whole chain. It consumes less power compared to the closest neighbor node.
Keywords:	Linear chain, Binary combining, Cluster, Wireless Sensor Networks
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LOW COST SEPIC PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM FOR CONSTANT VOLTAGE
Author:	S.VENKATANARAYANAN, M.SARAVANAN
Abstract:	The photovoltaic (PV) system gives variable output voltage due to temperature and insolation variation with respect to time. This paper presents the design of a SEPIC converter for getting constant output voltage from PV system using a simple control circuit. The SEPIC is designed to make the power flow from PV module to load effectively and maintaining constant output voltage. This paper gives the detailed design and implementation of a 20W prototype SEPIC integrated PV power supply with soft start feature. The efficiency of the proposed method is proved with simulation results and prototype experimental results.
Keywords:	Boost, Control, Converters, Charging, Prototype , SEPIC
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A NEW IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE WITH AID OF IPSO (IMPROVED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION) AND DWT (DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM)
Author:	B.DEEVENA RAJU, Dr.P.PANDARINATH, Dr.G.S.PRASAD
Abstract:	The term �Image Reconstruction� refers to the retrieval of the original image (or a general signal) from its given awful version, such as an image that is corrupted by noise, blurred by atmospheric turbulence (as in certain astronomic observations), or that has certain scratched regions. The previous image reconstruction technique reconstructs the cracked images by exploiting the DWT and PSO methods. This image reconstruction technique based on PSO-DWT reconstructs the images with good quality, but the PSNR value of the reconstructed images and the threshold selection by PSO degrade the PSO-DWT technique performance. So, to avoid these drawbacks, a new Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) technique is proposed in this paper. Here, a new image reconstruction technique is developed with DWT and IPSO techniques. In this proposed technique, the given images are reconstructed by the DWT and the optimal thresholds values are selected by the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) method. Our proposed IPSO technique solves the PSO technique drawback by considering the bad components in the velocity computation process. The proposed technique is implemented and the results are analyzed in terms of their PSNR values. The results show the effectiveness of proposed image reconstruction technique in reconstructing the images and achieving improvement in PSNR ratio. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed IPSO-DWT technique is evaluated by comparing with existing image reconstruction PSO-DWT technique.
Keywords:	Image Reconstruction, Discrete wavelet Transform (DWT), Particle Swarm optimization (PSO), Improved Particle Swarm optimization (IPSO), PSNR
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	THE ROLE OF ICT ON QUALITY OF LIFE (STUDY ON INDONESIAN DOMESTIC WORKERS IN SINGAPORE)
Author:	ALILA PRAMIYANTI, HEPPY MILLANYANI
Abstract:	Singapore was the fifth country with the most problematic number of Indonesian domestic workers (TKI). Communication problems are the most common problems faced by them. This occurs because the gap in accessing, processing, and using information. Whereas communication skills is paramount and became important to adapt and understand the cultural differences. In the era of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), a variety of technologies can be used as a tool of communication that could reduce their problem, for instance by using mobile phones and the internet. This study aims to determine the role of ICT, especially mobile phones and the Internet and its influence on quality of life of TKI in Singapore. This research is causality type which use multiple regression as data analysis technique. Data collection conducted through questionnaire distributed to 400 respondents that selected using accidental sampling approach. The results of this study indicated that simultaneously, the use of ICT intensity significantly affected the Quality of Life TKI in Singapore amounted to 36.2%. The remaining 63.8% was influenced by other variables that were not examined in this study.
Keywords:	Communication, Domestic workers, ICT, Quality of Life, Indonesia
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	IMPORTANT FEATURES IN TEXT PRESENTATION FOR CHILDREN WITH DYSLEXIA
Author:	ROZITA ISMAIL, AZIZAH JAAFAR
Abstract:	Information and communication technology (ICT) plays an important role in providing solutions, support and hope for children with dyslexia. Teachers and parents acknowledge the capability of ICT to assist children in acquiring the lessons taught using educational courseware. Teaching dyslexic students requires more than just basic multimedia applications. Customized applications with an emphasis on special techniques are important to engage students with normal educational subjects. Research and studies in this area actively utilize the human-computer interaction (HCI) to increase the usability and success rate when developing a dyslexic�s educational courseware. We conducted a few experiments to investigate the usage of text as one of a number of interesting features by which to increase usability. The interaction behaviors of children with dyslexia in the focus groups were then observed and analyzed. This paper reports the research findings that elaborate on how different formats of text can influence successful interaction in designing educational courseware for children with dyslexia.
Keywords:	Dyslexia, Usability, Interaction Design, Education For Children
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	IMPROVING THE PROTECTION OF FPGA BASED SEQUENTIAL IP CORE DESIGNS USING HIERARCHICAL WATERMARKING TECHNIQUE
Author:	M.MEENAKUMARI, G.ATHISHA
Abstract:	In recent years, Intellectual Property (IP) cores in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) have become an active research area as it provides a new-fangled revolution in the Electronic Design Automation industry. An IP core is a previously designed and demonstrated component that can be integrated into design. Owing to the development of IP cores, time consumption becomes less and the product can be arrived in specified time. Designer of VLSI IP cores needs assurance that the design will not be illegally redistributed by consumers. IP core vendors are facing a major challenge to avoid revenue loss due to IP piracy. Watermarking is a well-known technique to protect an unauthorized use of IP core. Finite State Machine (FSM) is one of the representations of sequential digital designs. In this paper, a new dynamic hierarchical watermarking scheme is proposed. The watermark is embedded in the state transitions of FSM at the behavioural level. A watermark is embedded into FSM by hierarchically splitting original FSM into smaller FSMs. Experimental results on benchmark circuits shows that this hierarchical watermarking approach is an efficient method for protecting sequential IP cores.
Keywords:	Reuse, Intellectual Property, IP Core, FSM, Hierarchical Watermarking
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A NOVEL METHOD FOR FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION USING POLYNOMIAL HYBRID WAVELET AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Author:	D.VENKATASEKHAR, P.ARUNA, V.DHIVYA
Abstract:	Fractal compression is a lossy compression method for digital images, based on fractals. The method is best suited for textures and natural images, relying on the fact that parts of an image often resemble other parts of the same image. Fractal Image Compression (FIC) techniques take more time to perform processes are encoding and global search. Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) and Wavelet transformation methods are used to reduce the encoding time. Both of the techniques and their performance are analyzed in terms of their compression ratio, encoding time, Mean Square Error (MSR) and PSNR (Peak Signal-to Noise Ratio) value. Based on these parameters the performances of the techniques are studied and a comparative analysis of these techniques is provided.
Keywords:	Compression Ratio; Discrete Cosine Transform; Discrete Wavelet Transform; Encoding Time; Fractal Image Compression; Particle Swarm Optimization.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	ROBUST BOUNDED CONTROL FOR UNCERTAIN NONLINEAR SYSTEMS: APPLICATION TO A NONLINEAR STRICT FEEDBACK WIND TURBINE MODEL WITH EXPLICIT WIND SPEED DYNAMICS
Author:	MUHAMMAD NIZAM KAMARUDIN, ABDUL RASHID HUSAIN, MOHAMAD NOH AHMAD
Abstract:	In this paper, a robust bounded control law for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is proposed. The proposed bounded controller guarantees asymptotic stability, asymptotic tracking and asymptotic disturbance rejection of systems in strict feedback form with the sum of unmatched uncertainties and the unbounded exogenous disturbance. A feedback law emerged from Artstein's Theorem and Sontag's universal formulas are known to be useful to limit the control signal. However, the formulas are not robust as in many cases, being applied to the systems without uncertainties and disturbances. The controller proposed in this paper takes advantages of a mixed backstepping and Lyapunov redesign, which employed to enrich the Sontag's universal formulas. Therefore, the appealing feature of the proposed controller is that it satisfies small control property in order to preserve performance robustness and stability robustness with less control effort. Another advantage of the proposed controller is the formulas become applicable to higher order systems (i.e. order > 0). This paper also discusses fuzzy logic tuning approach for the controller parameters such that the closed loop system matrix remain Hurtwitz. For practicality, the proposed technique is applied to a variable speed control of a new strict feedback wind turbine system with wind dynamics appeared explicitly in the system model. The proposed controller guarantees the asymptotic tracking of the turbine rotor speed; maintains the optimal tip speed ratio and produces maximum power coefficient. This yields maximum power output from the turbine.
Keywords:	Robust bounded control, wind turbine, asymptotic tracking, Backstepping, Lyapunov function
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	THE ACCEPTANCE OF USING M-GOVERNMENT SERVICES IN JORDAN
Author:	AHMAD ALTHUNIBAT, THAMER A. ALRAWASHDEH, MOHAMMAD MUHAIRAT
Abstract:	Mobile services have enormous potential to be one of the government�s most effective tools, to govern, control, and administer community requirements and justice. In order for the governments to offer acceptable and attainable mobile services, these services have to be used by citizens. The preliminary question that lead to this study was: What are the factors that affect user acceptance of m-Government services in Jordan?, or how can we motivate the citizens to utilize services? As m-Government services are a new field, there is a minimal amount of research and literature that could assist in discerning the factors that affect acceptance of such services. This study applies the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to examine the user acceptance of using m-Government services. The results show that Perceived usefulness (PU) and Perceived ease of use (PEOU) affect citizen�s acceptance of m-Government services. Failures to demonstrate the advantages of m-Government services to potential citizens will likely result in a low rate of acceptance.
Keywords:	Acceptance, E-Government, M-Government .TAM model.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	SCENE CLASSIFICATION USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES WITH LDA
Author:	N. VEERANJANEYULU, AKKINENI RAGHUNATH , B. JYOSTNA DEVI, VENKATA NARESH MANDHALA
Abstract:	Scene classification, the classification of images into semantic categories is a challenging and important problem nowadays. We present a procedure to classify real world scenes in eight semantic groups of coast, forest, mountain, open country, street, tall building, highway and inside city using support vector machines. Traditional classification approaches generalize poorly on image classification tasks, when the classes are non-separable. In this paper we used Support Vector Machine (SVM) for scene classification. SVM is a supervised classification technique, has its roots in Statistical Learning Theory and have gained prominence because they are robust, accurate and are effective even when using a small training sample. By their nature SVMs are essentially binary classifiers, however, they can be adapted to handle the multiple classification tasks common in scene classification. This paper shows that support vector machines (SVM�s) can generalize well on difficult scene classification problems. SVMs can efficiently perform a non-linear classification using kernel trick, implicitly mapping their inputs into high-dimensional feature spaces. In this paper 4 types of kernels (linear, polynomial, gaussian and sigmoidal kernels) are used with support vector machines. It is observed that Gaussian kernel outperform other types of kernels. Moreover, we observed that a simple remapping of the input x to x' improves the performance of linear SVM�s to such an extent that it makes them, for this problem, a valid alternative to RBF kernels.
Keywords:	Support vector machine, Kernel, cross validation, dimensionality reduction, linear kernel, polynomial kernel, gaussian kernel and sigmoidal kernel
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF A NEW STRUCTURE OF MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR RFID APPLICATIONS
Author:	ALI EL ALAMI , SAAD DOSSE BENNANI , MOULHIME EL BEKKALI , ALI BENBASSOU
Abstract:	In this paper, we propose a new structure patch antenna excited by two identical microstrip lines having a common feeding adapted to 50 ohm and intended to applications of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The slots inserted at the patch antenna have a direct impact on improving the radiation characteristics in terms of reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio, input impedance and directivity over a range of frequencies ranging from 2 GHz up to 2.9 GHz. The analysis and optimization have been performed using the simulator HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) based on the finite element method. Next, in order to validate our simulation, we use another electromagnetic simulator CST MWS (Computer Simulation Technology- MicroWaves Studio) which is based on the finite integration method. The simulation results of the two simulators agree well practically.
Keywords:	Patch Antenna, Microstrip Line, RFID Application, Reflection Coefficient, VSWR, Input Impedance, Directivity, Simulators HFSS And CST.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	AN EFFICIENT APPROACH TO DEVELOP SOFTWARE COST ESTIMATION MODEL USING CASE-BASED REASONING AND AGENT TECHNOLOGY
Author:	HASAN AL-SAKRAN, HASSAN Y. A. ABU TAIR
Abstract:	One of the most important tasks for IT professionals is software development cost estimation. This critical task affects the firm's software investment decisions before bidding for a contract or committing required resources to that project. Under-estimation may lead to unexpected increase in budget, delay of project completion or its low quality, while over-estimation may lead to losing business opportunities. In this work authors investigate possibility of building a software cost estimation model by using multi-agent system to collect software cost data from distributed predefined project cost databases. The developed model implements Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) to find similar projects in historical data retrieved from measured software projects developed by different organizations, which will assist the project managers to perform an appropriate cost estimation of a software project.
Keywords:	Analogy, Case-Based Reasoning, Agent Technology, Magnitude of Relative Error.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EFFICIENT CROSS-LAYER DESIGN ARCHITECTURE FOR ROUTING AND CHANNEL SELECTION IN MULTI-RADIO MULTI-CHANNEL WIRELESS MESH NETWORKS
Author:	C.ANBU ANANTH, K.SELVAKUMAR
Abstract:	In wireless mesh network, there is a need of efficient Cross-Layer Design Architecture for Routing and Channel Selection in Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks. For this we propose interference and congestion aware cross-layer architecture for wireless mesh networks. The proposed technique first we apply Cross-Layer QoS-Aware Routing Protocol, in which we use bandwidth estimation for physical routing and ICA metric for logical routing. We select the channel by using Channel Quality Variables at last we Optimize and adjust the cross-layer metrics using delay dissatisfaction ratio, Throughput dissatisfaction ratio and PER dissatisfaction ratio. Our proposed technique selects high quality paths and interference free channels also makes effective utilization of the available interfaces and prioritizes the packets in the event of congestion.
Keywords:	Architecture, Routing, Channel Selection, Mesh Networks, QoS
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	HYBRID OPTIMIZATION FOR CLASSIFICATION OF THE WOOD KNOTS
Author:	S. MOHAN , K. VENKATACHALAPATHY , P. SUDHAKAR
Abstract:	Knots are common wood defects. A knot is a specific imperfection in timber, reducing its strength which can be exploited for artistic effect, resulting in knot selection being an important matter in the wood industry. The value of wood is related to its quality, and this in turn is determined by defect numbers and distribution. This is challenging as in some instances, selection/classification is manual. In this paper, it is proposed to detect and classify the knots in timber boards. Hilbert transforms and Gabor filters are used for pre-processing the image of knots. The features obtained from preprocessing were classified using Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Neural Network (NN) with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) for momentum and learning rate.
Keywords:	Wood Knots, Hilbert Transforms, Gabor Filter, Multilayer Perceptron, Neural Network, Particle Swarm Optimization, Invasive Weed Optimization.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A COMBINATORIAL TREE BASED FREQUENT PATTERN MINING
Author:	YAMUNA DEVI. N, DEVI SHREE J
Abstract:	Frequent pattern mining is a process of extracting frequently occurring itemset patterns from very large data storages. These frequent patterns are used to generate Association Rules. Association rules define the relationship among items. The strength of the relationship can be measured using two different units namely support value and confidence level. Any relationship that satisfies minimum threshold of support value is known as frequent pattern. There are several methods and algorithms suggested to mine frequent patterns from large databases. Most of the methods can be assessed for its complexity based on the number of processing levels and number of candidate sets with subsets that are generated in each level. In this paper, the combinatorial approach which automatically filters infrequent itemsets and mine only frequent patterns is suggested. The complexity is based on the number of transactions and the maximum length of transactions. The new approach purely depends on the size of input transaction database. The combinatorial approach does not depend on the unknown number of processing levels and does not generate unnecessary candidate sets and subsets. The method is compared with number of existing legendary methods for its performance.
Keywords:	Association Rule Mining, Frequent Item Set Mining, Combinatorial Approach, Tree Structure Based Combinations.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	TROPOS BASED ADAPTATION FRAMEWORK FOR SELF ADAPTIVE SYSTEM
Author:	GOWRI. R, KANMANI.S, PUNITHA. D
Abstract:	Today�s software complexity is increasing which in turn increase the need for software to work autonomously with least human intervention. Self-adaptive software work autonomously in unpredictable environment overcoming the failures and increasing the performance. Engineering self- adaptive software is very complex. In this paper generic adaptation framework using AOSE methodologyTropos has been proposed to develop Self-Adaptive System. In this Framework adaptation process is fully automated by making feedback loop as first class citizen. Two classes of requirements namely adaptive requirements to be monitored and evolution requirements to make changes on target system as a result of reconfiguration is used. Proposed framework is illustrated with case study Smart Travel Recommender System as it involves dynamic changes and is evaluated using existing system CARE framework and Tropos4As framework.
Keywords:	Tropos, Feedback loop, Adaptive requirements, evolution requirements, Reconfiguration
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	TRACKING OBJECT USING EXPONENTIAL FORGETTING FACTOR IN THE LBP CODE
Author:	HANANE. RAMI, MOHAMMED. HAMRI, LHOUSSINE. MASMOUDI
Abstract:	In this paper we present a method for objects tracking in images sequence. This approach is achieved into two main steps. In the first one, we use the Exponential Forgetting Factor in the calculation of Local Binary Pattern to tracking the motif in a sequence of images. In the second one, we perform the algorithm by the pattern selected based on a distance measure to find similarity between two histograms, for this goal we work with The Chi-Square distance. For evaluation the algorithm tracking results we use the cumulative Euclidean distance from the pixel position for each images. The proposed approach has been tested on synthetic and real sequence images and the results are satisfactory.
Keywords:	Computer vision, Sequence image, Tracking, LBP, Exponential Forgetting Factor (EFF), Chi-Square distance.
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE COMBINATION WEIGHTAGE USING MOPSO FOR MOTION CONTROL GANTRY CRANE SYSTEM
Author:	H.I. JAAFAR, Z. MOHAMED, J.J. JAMIAN, M.S.M. ARAS, A.M. KASSIM, M.F. SULAIMA
Abstract:	This paper presents the implementation of Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization in controlling motion control of Gantry Crane System. Three objective functions are considered to be optimized, named (i) steady state error, (ii) overshoot, and (iii) settling time. Six cases with different setting of weight summation are analyzed in order to obtain five parameters (PID and PD) controller. A combination of PID and PD controller is observed and utilized for controlling trolley movement to desired position and reduced the payload oscillation concurrently. Various cases of weight summation values will affect to the controller parameters and system responses. The performances of the system is conducted and presented within Matlab environment.
Keywords:	Computational Intelligence, Gantry Crane System, Motion Control, PID Controller, Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	A FRAMEWORK FOR DIRECT AND SEMANTICS BASED TRANSFORMATION FROM RELATIONAL DATABASE TO ONTOLOGY
Author:	C.RAMATHILAGAM, Dr.M.L.VALARMATHI
Abstract:	The Conventional Web matches the search index given by the user in the available document repository and retrieves those documents for information retrieval. The Semantic Web, the extension of conventional web retrieves not the documents by the mentioned method, instead finds the semantics of the given search index and retrieves the information from the knowledge repository. One such knowledge representation format is Ontology. Ontology is generated in two ways. One is through manual creation by Ontology language developers with the help of domain experts. The problem in this method is either the domain experts need to be familiar with the Ontology development language or the developers of Ontology should have domain expertise. The other method is converting the available structured data into Ontology. Since more than 70% of the Web retrieval is from Relational Data Base contents, conversion of Relational Data Base contents into Ontology documents is in need. This conversion is required for two reasons. One is to give solution to the first approach and the other is, Relational Data Base content is rich in data but the retrieval is not rich in semantics. Since the Ontology lacks rich data, the conversion from available data collection to a semantic data format needs focus. This paper proposes a framework for converting Relational Data Base contents into Ontology contents by following certain mapping rules. These rules give the direct or simple transformation from Relational Data Base components and data into the corresponding Ontology components. This paper also proposes the semantics based conversion rules which gives more reasoning support to the Ontology document to provide efficient information retrieval.
Keywords:	Semantic web, Schema, Mapping, Ontology, Resource Description Framework (RDF), RDF Schema (RDFS), Web Ontology Language (OWL), Description Language (DL), First Order Logic (FOL)
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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Title:	CLUSTERING WIRELESS NODES BASED ON ADAPTIVE MODULATION WITH CUSTOMIZED KERNEL
Author:	NAVANEETHAN.C, HELEN PRABHA.K
Abstract:	In wireless network system, diversity techniques have been accepted as effective modes to conflict multipath fading due to delay or bandwidth constraints and explore the use of multiple transmit or receive antennas at the same terminal (spatial diversity). A cooperative diversity scheme avoids the size limitation by allowing the terminals to rely in parallel. In this work, we focus on wireless communication among nodes grouping them as different clusters so as to form a virtual logic channel for each cluster, implemented using kernel customized, low power consuming hardware modules. The proposed work enables a large number of simple low-power nodes to be distributed in a field and transmit data in a secured manner.
Keywords:	WSN, Modulation/Demodulation, node/network security, GNU, FL2440
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31 May 2014 -- Vol. 63. No. 3 -- 2014
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