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Journal receives papers in continuous flow and we will consider articles from a wide range of Information Technology disciplines encompassing the most basic research to the most innovative technologies. Please submit your papers electronically to our submission system at http://jatit.org/submit_paper.php in an MSWord, Pdf or compatible format so that they may be evaluated for publication in the upcoming issue. This journal uses a blinded review process; please remember to include all your personal identifiable information in the manuscript before submitting it for review, we will edit the necessary information at our side. Submissions to JATIT should be full research / review papers (properly indicated below main title).

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology July 2011 | Vol. 29. No.2

Paper ID:	14327 -JATIT
Title:	Model Development for Oxygenation of Bone Wash Effluent
Author:	J.SUMATHI, S.SUNDARAM
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	Effluent from bone wash industry diluted with different quantity of water was oxygenated at 3 different speeds ranging from 135 to 155 rpm in a 1.5 litre Tokyo Rikakikai bioreactor at 298K. The data was subjected to regression analysis and fitted to a first order plus dead time model with an error of less than 5 percent. The model parameters were used to design controller settings by Z-N (PID), Skogestad, Smith predictor and IMC methods. A closed loop analysis using the above controller settings indicate that IMC is better suited for the process based on rise time, settling time and overshoot. Closed loop performance based on ISE, IAE and ITAE also suggested a similar conclusion.
Keywords	Bone Wash effluent, Modeling, Z-N (PID), Skogestad, Smith Predictor and IMC
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Paper ID:	14206 -JATIT
Title:	EFFECT OF SUBCARRIERS ON ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING AT DIFFERENT MOBILE SPEEDS
Author:	ZACHAEUS K. ADEYEMO, OLUMIDE O. AJAYI
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	With recent increase in the demand for mobile communication services, future generations of mobile systems are expected to provide very high data rate transmissions as well as improved quality of service to users within commercial feasibility so as to avoid poor reception which the users are experiencing nowadays. OFDM which is a form of multicarrier transmission is a promising technique capable of providing quality of service at high data rates. In this paper, the OFDM system was developed for orthogonal 32, 64, and 128 subcarriers at different mobile speeds of 30km/h, 60km/h and 120km/h over frequency selective multipath channel. The developed model was simulated using MATLAB application package. OFDM-4QAM modulation format was employed to provide the parallel transmission and the received signal was compared with the transmitted signal to analyze the bit error rate performance of the OFDM system. The results obtained showed that as the number of subcarriers increased from 32, through 64 to 128, the BER increased accordingly for all the mobile speeds considered and the effect is more noticeable at high signal-to-noise ratio. The increase in bit error rate indicates performance degradation. From the results, OFDM system is prone to more CFO as the number of subcarriers is increased due to increase in the complexity of FFT
Keywords	Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), subcarriers, data rate, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), carrier frequency offsets (CFO)
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Paper ID:	14325 -JATIT
Title:	Malware Threats and Mitigation Strategies: A Survey
Author:	Rizwan Rehman, Dr. G.C. Hazarika, Gunadeep Chetia
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	Malicious software is one of the major threats faced by the internet today. Basically the program is designed to disrupt the operation, collect information which can be used for unauthorized access and other targeted behavior. Malwares from their early designs which were just for propagation have now developed into more advanced form, stealing sensitive and private information. Apart from these their can even be some targeted worms to victimize an organization and even identity theft. In this paper, we are addressing different trends and techniques used for developing malware and a survey on how these can be handled in an efficient manner. Finally we discuss trends in malware designs and latest attack models and also the latest mitigation strategies.
Keywords	Malicious Software, Security, Performance, Mitigation Strategy, Threats
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Paper ID:	14240 -JATIT
Title:	NON LINEAR AND NON-STATIONARY DATA ANALYSIS USING HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM
Author:	Ch. HEMANTH, A. SIVASAI RAM , N. RAMA KRISHNA, P. S. Brahmanadam
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	The newly developed method known as Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) is ideal for nonlinear and non-stationary data analysis as it is totally adaptive in nature. This paper will discuss the fundamentals of HHT method which consists of the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral transform. As a part of analysis, the HHT method is applied on two different data sets in which one is the annual mean global surface temperature anomaly and the other is the noise component measured by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar located in Indonesia. The analysis of two data sets indicates that the HHT method is able to extract each and every frequency component, which might not be possible with the Fourier spectral analysis. Specifically, this study indicates that the decomposed components in EMD of HHT, namely the intrinsic mode function components contain observable, physical information inherent to the original data. Finally, the study illustrates that the HHT-based Hilbert spectra are able to reveal the time-frequency distributions more precisely.
Keywords	Nonlinear and non-stationary signals, Fourier spectral analysis, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Hilbert Spectral Analysis (HAS), Instantaneous frequency
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Paper ID:	14330 -JATIT
Title:	DATA BATTLE ON THE DIGITAL FIELD BETWEEN HORSE CAVALRY AND INTERLOPERS
Author:	THANIKAISELVAN V, SANTOSH KUMAR, NARALA NEELIMA, RENGARAJAN AMIRTHARAJAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	In this paper a novel steganographic method has been proposed to improve the security of embedded data with high capacity and imperceptible visual quality, the proposed method is based on four-pixel block differencing, modified LSB substitution and Knights tour. Secret data is embedded randomly using knights tour in each 8×8 pixels block of cover image and n-bit modified LSB ¬substitution has been used to improve the quality of stego image, where n is decided by the level to which the average difference value falls into, then it employs readjustment procedure to reduce the perceptual distortion. The proposed method adaptively embeds the secret data into cover image by differentiating the edge and smooth areas, so that more number of secret bits can be embedded without making any perceptual distortion. Results show that our proposed method has provided greater security with high embedding capacity and a better image quality.
Keywords	Information hiding, Steganography , Modified LSB substitution, Knights tour, Pixel Value Differencing (PVD)
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Paper ID:	14321 -JATIT
Title:	PYRAMID BASED DATA GATHERING SCHEME FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Author:	ABDULLAH AL-DHELAAN
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	Wireless sensor networks are deployed to collect useful information from an area of interest. Consequently, the sensed data must be gathered by the nodes and transmitted to a base station for further processing. Due to the limited battery power and criticality of the applications in most cases, methods employed for data gathering and aggregation need to be power efficient and with minimum delay in order to achieve longer network lifetime and be effective. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for data gathering based on the pyramid interconnection that uses the pyramid as a virtual backbone and collects data from all sensors to the base station upwards. Moreover, we provide an efficient construction mechanism for the virtual backbone. The proposed scheme achieves both objectives as it reduces the power consumption and provides minimum delay as well as providing better scalability, efficiency and fault tolerance. We analyze the performance of our scheme and conduct a comparative study to demonstrate its superiority compared to other schemes proposed recently in the literature.
Keywords	Pyramid, Wireless Sensor Networks, Virtual Backbone, Data Gathering, Power Efficiency, Delay.
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Paper ID:	14175 -JATIT
Title:	HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHMS WITH SIMULATING ANNEALING FOR UNIVERSITY COURSE TIMETABLING PROBLEMS
Author:	Nabeel R. AL-Milli
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	The Educational Timetabling problem deals with the assignment of course (or lecture events) to a limited set of specific timeslots and rooms, subject to a variety of hard and soft constraints. All hard constraints must be satisfied, obtaining a feasible solution. In this paper we establish a new hybrid algorithm to solve course timetabling problem based on Genetic Algorithm and Simulating Annealing algorithm. We perform a hybrdised method on standard benchmark course timetable problems and able to produce promising results.
Keywords	Course Timetabling, Genetic Algorithms, Simulating Annealing
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Paper ID:	14284 -JATIT
Title:	GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SHORTEST PATH IN PACKET SWITCHING NETWORKS
Author:	ANU CHAUDHARY, NEERAJ KUMAR PANDEY
Source:	Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology Vol 29. No. 2 -- 2011
Abstract	The problem of finding the shortest path between two nodes is a well known problem in network analysis. Optimal routing has been widely studied for interconnection networks this paper considers the problem of finding the shortest path. A Genetic algorithm based strategy is proposed and the algorithm has been developed to find the shortest (Optimal) Path Variable-length chromosomes (strings) and their genes (parameters) have been used for encoding the problem. The crossover operation exchanges partial chromosomes (partial routes) at positionally independent crossing sites and the mutation operation maintains the genetic diversity of the population. The proposed algorithm can cure all the infeasible chromosomes with a simple repair function. Crossover and mutation together provide a search capability that results in improved quality of solution and enhanced rate of convergence. Even though shortest path routing algorithms are already well established, there are researchers who are trying to find alternative methods to find shortest paths through a network. One such alternative is to use genetic algorithm (GA). GA is a multi-purpose search and optimization algorithm that is inspired by the theory of genetics and natural selection.
Keywords	Genetic Algorithm (GA), Shortest Path
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